reunion短篇小说写论文

⑴ 《针枞树之乡》简介及片段翻译心得_万源市花萼乡枞树梁村

摘 要：朱厄特是美国乡土文学的代表人物，她的《针枞树之乡》被认为是其最优秀的一部作品。美国20世纪初著名女作家威拉凯瑟对这部作品评价极高，称它为与纳撒尼尔霍桑的《红字》和马克·吐温的《哈克贝里费恩历险记》一起是并驾齐驱的三部美国小说传世之作之一1。本文对朱厄特这位作者进行了简单介绍，也对其的文字风格有简单阐述，同时截取了此书的第19章节，讲述了翻译其的思路。
关键词：朱厄特；女性视角；翻译原则
[中图分类号]：H059 [文献标识码]：A
[文章编号]：1002-2139(2012)-16-0-01
一、作者及其作品风格简介
这段文字来自于小说“The Country of The Pointed Firs”的第十九章节，这部小说所熟知的中文译名是《针枞树之乡》。该书的作者是美国女作家萨拉·奥纳·朱厄特是美国乡土文学的重要代表人物，她以新英格兰地区的农村为背景进行文学创作，其作品以简单、自然、优美、精致的风格赢得赞誉。
《针枞树之乡》是一系列的小故事组成的，在一些文学评论家看来，这是朱厄特最成功的一部作品。这部作品结构松散，不仅仅被视为一部小说，而是一连串的短篇描写，通过作品的外部环境和主题构成完整的结构。像朱厄特一样，故事的叙述者也是一位单身女性，一位作者，女主角结束了有房东陪伴的日子，然后在一个空校舍继续写作，同时依旧花大量的时间陪伴她的好朋友托德夫人。2朱厄特的作品常被人批评没有档次，作品中没有战争，没有政治这些宏大的场面，因此被批评是低档次的文学。但实际上她在作品中构建了一个以女性为文本创造者和文本中心的叙事结构， 从而打破了美国主流文化将男性作为创作主体、把女性作为文学作品中附属物的角色模式3。19世纪男性作家的经典作品中常以主人公逃离文明社会作为反叛的方式， 与此相反，朱厄特的笔下是一群在已丧失了经济活力的乡村小镇坚持生活下来的妇女。朱厄特是把女性作为生活的砥柱来描写的。她塑造的女性角色身上实际上就有某些所谓的男性素质。但朱厄特更强调女性素质的优越， 强调女性在家庭和社会中不可取代的作用4。
二、翻译过程
（1）"There was even more elaborate reading matter on an excellent early-apple pie which we began to share and eat， precept upon precept."中的"precept upon precept"中的precept 这个词的本义是“戒律，格言，准则”。而precept upon precept 这个短语是出现在《以赛亚书（Isaiah 28:13）》中，“But the word of the LORD was unto them precept upon precept， precept upon precept ; line upon line， line upon line; here a little， and there a little; that they might go， and fall backward， and be broken， and snared， and taken.”5在这里被翻译为“命上加命，令上加令，律上加律，例上加例”。也出现在大卫贝德纳先生（Elder David A. Bednar）的一篇演说中。这个短语是具有宗教色彩的，而在这里，我认为就是指大家有各种想法，不同的说道，反其道而行之，是没有准则，没有戒律的意思。因此我将它融入到前面的话一并翻译了“七嘴八舌的讨论哪种苹果派更好”。
（2）"when the long faded garland of verses came to an appealing end，"翻译时增词“朗诵完”，“当女诗人朗诵完了一首诗歌之后，托德夫人便开始在我面前夸赞她。”
（3）"There were enough young persons at the reunion， but it is the old who really value such opportunities."用增词，为了完整的说明为什么上了岁数的人更加珍惜这种机会，我增加了一句话加以解释“因为对于他们会面的机会是见一次少一次。”
（4）"This one， at least， had been very interesting. I fancied that old feuds had been overlooked， and the old saying that blood is thicker than water."使用归化的原则，译为“血浓于水”。
(5)所有的语句都有结构，从语义和交际的功能来看，每个语句都可以一分为二，即分为两个部分：话题和述题（Topic和Comment）。当一个新的信息说出之后，就立刻变成为已知信息。作为一个已知信息，它由成为引起新信息的起点。如此不断，可以由一系列围绕一个题目的若干语句结成语段。这个连续性发展叫作主位——述位推进模式（theme-rheme patterns）。在翻译过程中，我发现了这样的段落。
" It must have been baked in sections， / in one of the last of the great brick ovens， / and fastened together on the morning of the day. / There was a general sigh when this fell into ruin at the feast"s end， / and it was shared by a great part of the assembly， / not without seriousness， / and as if it were a pledge and token of loyalty. "
这个语段是主位相同，述位不同。其中有的主位是没有省略说明的。如下图所示：
T1 R1
（T1） （R2）
（T1） （R3）
T1 R4
（T1） （R5）
译文：“这个小饼屋是在那个很棒的砖制烤箱里一部分一部分烘烤的，然后在聚会的当天早上拼接在一起。在聚会结束时，这个姜饼屋倒了，变成了一堆饼干残渣，大家都唏嘘不已，然后便享用了姜饼，仿佛是姜饼的乞求。”
参考文献：
[1]、 MATTHIESSENF. SarahOrne Jewett[M]. Boston: Houghton MifflinCompany， 1965 ；
[2]、_Country_of_the_Pointed_Firs ；
[3]、金莉: 《从尖尖的枞树之乡看朱厄特创作的女性视角》，载外国文学研究， 1999 (4）；
[4]、金莉. 《文学女性与女性文学: 19世纪美国女性小说家及作品》[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社， 2004: 271；
[5]、https://ebible.com/kjv/isaiah/28/13；

⑵ 用英语写作文五十字

1. 英语作文50字带翻译

My favorite holiday is New Year, Chinese New Year we can eat mplings and a lot of good things to eat, but alsoReceive lucky money, parents will acpany us to the amusement park, parks,We are very happy New Year everyone likes, and I also like the Spring Festival. 我最喜欢的节日是春节，在春节我们可以吃饺子和很多好吃的东西，还可以收到压岁钱父母还会带我们去游乐园，公园，所有人都会很开心，所有人都喜欢春节，我也非常喜欢春节。

2. 英语作文,50字左右

WHY SHOULD WE STUDY ENGLISH 为什么我们要学英文If you want to ask me why we should study English, my answer will be simple and clear. Now let me enumerate the reasons one by one in the following.In the first place, English has bee an international language. If you know English, you van make a trip round the world without being misunderstood.In the second place, most valuable books, newspapers and magazines are written in English. If you wish (hope) to get knowledge, you must learn English.如果你要问我们为什么我们要学英文。

我的答复很简单明了。现在让我来把我的理由一一列举在下面：英文已成为一种国际语言。

如果你通晓它，你可以环游世界不会被人误解。大多数有价值的书籍，报纸和杂志都是用英文写的。

如果你希望获得知识，你必须学习英文。

3. 英语作文50字

Latern festival is one of my favorite festivals.My parents always take me to grandma's home to spend some time with them.We eat mplings together and we always have a great time!and in this Year's Lantern Festival,i also went to my grandparents' home.It seemed that they are happy to see me.then we went out to have a great meal.it was really cool!。

4. 初中英语作文50字左右 ,急用

Sat., Feb.6 Fine later cloudy A book exhibition Dropped in at National Library to see the National Book Exhibition which will close today.Suprised at the fact that so many kinds of books are published in our country.Thought the children's books with many pages of colorful illustrations were made very nicely.Bought a of the Chinese version of English and American Short Stories at a 20 per cent discount.Am going to read this through in this good season for reading. 书展 信步走到图书馆看即将在今天结束的全国书籍。

惊奇的是发现我们国家竟然出版了这么多种的书籍。我觉得富有多页彩色插图的儿童书籍印刷的相当精美。

我买了一本打八折的《英美短篇小说》中文版。我要在这读书的好季节里将它读完 -------------------------------------------- Sun.,Feb. 14 Rainy Spring Festival ,known as the Chinese New Year, is the most important holiday in China.From late January to early February,Chinese people are busy preparing for the New Year.They clean their houses ,have their hair cut,and buy new clothes .Jiaozi or mpling is most popular.To those who live far away from their home,this festival is also a framily reunion occasion. And they often go back home to celebrate the festival with their family.The first day of the new year is the time when people visit their friends adn wish each other good luck in the new year. 二月十四日 星期日 雨 春节，即中国人的新年，是中国最重要的节日。

从一月末到二月初人们忙着为新年做准备。他们打扫房屋、理发和买新衣服。

饺子是最受欢迎的。对那些远离家乡的人们，春节是一个合家团聚的时刻。

他们经常回家和家人欢度春节。新年第一天人们访友并互祝新年好运。

5. 2012用英语写的小作文50字

my favourite pet

i have got a pet.it is a dog. look at my dog.it is brown.it is *** all.it is fat.it is lovely.it can run fast.it can jump.it likes to eat bone and meat.i can play with my dog.do you like my pet?i like my pet best.

6. 英语作文 50字

Jane is an English girl. She lives in China now.She likes Beijing Opear .Because is interesting. And she likes Chinese action movies .Beause action movies can learn about chinese history.She often watches Beijing Oprea 's pictures at home on weekends.So.She loves China very much.希望能帮上你！加油哟。

7. 用英语写一篇50字左右的作文.介绍中国的特色食物（饺子）用上：传

Different countries have different food.In China ,there are many kinds of traditional food,like seafood,In Spring Festival ,we usually eat mplings ,There are cabbages and meat in it.some of them are broccoli,and others are leeks.In China ,every family likes mplings very much ,Eating mplings is also a important costom .Chinese people think it brings good luck。

8. 课后辅导用英语写作文50字

On Parents Sending Kids to Training Classes

关于家长送孩子参加培训班

It is quite mon phenomenon that many parents will bring their children to all kinds of classes as long as their children have weekends or holidays.This kind of situation has been hot discussed among public.Some people hold that children deserve to have play time as much as possible.Some believe that children should learn as much as possible since they have strong ability to grasp new knowledge.Standing on my point of view,I'm convinced that children should be sent to training class to learn as much as possible so that they can be more brilliant.

现在，许多家长会趁孩子们周末或者放假的时候带他们去参加各种各样的培训班的现象已经很普遍.这种现象引起了公众的热议.一些人认为孩子们应该有尽可能多的时间去玩.一些人认为孩子们应该趁他们这个年纪学习能力很强的时候去多学习一些新知识.就我看来，我认为应该送孩子们学多点儿知识，这样一来，他们会更加聪明.

Firstly,training class can broaden children's knowledge.For almost all children,they have very limited knowledge.But if they are sent to training class,they can learn various knowledge of life.

第一，培训班能开拓孩子们的视野.对于几乎所有的小孩来说，他们的知识有限.但是如果送他们到培训班学习的话，他们会学到有关生活的各种知识.

Secondly,training class helps children to improve their skills.Nowadays,there are many kinds of training agents for children to train children a certain kind of skill.For example,a great number of parents will send their children to dance class.In this kind of class,not only children can learn dance skills,but they can practice themselves at the same time.

第二，培训班能够帮助小孩子们提高技能.现在，有各种各样的培训机构专门培训小孩子某一方面的技能.例如，许多家长会送自己的小孩子去学舞蹈.这样的课程不仅能让孩子们学会跳舞，并且也能够锻炼他们的身体.

Thirdly,children can be more outstanding in the future pared with those who don't attend training class.Kids learn more skills will be more flexible and *** art than those who never attend training classes in doing certain kinds of things.

第三，与那些不参加培训课的孩子们相比，参加过培训课的小孩子们在将来会更优秀.在做某种特定的事情的时候，那些拥有多重技能的孩子会比那些没有参加过培训课的小孩子更加灵活、聪明.

All in all,sending kids to training classes will do a lot of good to children's future.

总之，送小孩子去参加培训课对他们的将来很有帮助.