英语短篇小说答案
❶ 求下列英语短篇小说译文，最好附带简要的character、theme、setting等基本要素分析，谢谢~
1、游戏的渔获量 2、前七年（第一个七年） 3、来自于罗得西亚的火车
那个“A&P”也是吗？我几年没碰英语了！
character、theme、setting分别是：性格，主题，设置
❷ 求英语小短文，要有中文翻译，带英文和中文题意解析，有中心思想。
求英语小短文，要有中文翻译，带英文和中文题意解析，有中心思想。
1.Spring，weet spring is the season's new king.Plants begin flowering.Girls dance in a ring.Cold does not sting and pretty birds sing.It's a wonderful season.It's getting warm and warm.Flowers begin to open.Birds begin to sing.It's often rainy,people like flying kites.
春天，甜蜜的春天是季节的新国王。植物开始开花了。女孩们跳起了舞。寒风不再刺骨。它是一个美丽的季节。花朵开始绽放，树木开始变绿，小鸟开始歌唱。春天经常有风。人们喜欢放风筝。
2.As food is to the body, so is learning to the mind. Our bodies grow and muscles develop with the intake of adequate nutritious food. Likewise, we should keep learning day by day to maintain our keen mental power and expand our intellectual capacity. Constant learning supplies us with inexhaustible fuel for driving us to sharpen our power of reasoning, *** ysis, and judgment. Learning incessantly is the surest way to keep pace with the times in the information age, and an infallible warrant of suess in times of uncertainty.
学习之于心灵，就像食物之于身体一样。摄取了适量的营养食物，我们的身体得以生长而肌肉得以发达。同样地，我们应该日复一日不断地学习以保持我们敏锐的心智能力，并扩充我们的智力容量。不断的学习提供我们用不尽的燃料，来驱使我们磨利我们的推理、分析和判断的能力。持续的学习是在信息时代中跟时代并驾齐驱的最稳当的方法，也是在变动的世代中成功的可靠保证。
3.Work and play do not contradict each other; in fact, they plement each other. As the saying goes, "All work and no play makes Jack a ll boy." A life burdened with work leads you nowhere, for you would get tired and bored with your daily routine work. On the other hand, proper recreation will relieve the tension and disfort of our monotonous life because it offers you various ways to let out your pent-up emotions.
工作与娱乐并不互相冲突，事实上，它们之间的关系还相辅相成。有句格言说：「整日工作而没有休闲娱乐，会令人变得沉闷乏味。」被工作重担压得喘不过气来的生活，将使你一事无成，因为你将对一成不变的例行公事感到厌烦。由另一方面来说，适度的娱乐活动能提供各种管道，来渲泄你被压抑的情绪，减轻单调生活中的紧张与不悦。
4.Table-tennis is an ideal game us because it brings the whole body into action. It strengthens our muscles, expands our lungs, promotes the circulation of the blood, and causes a healthy action of the skin. Besides, it is very amusing and does not cost us much money. Table-tennis is very moderate; it is not so rough as football. It is an indoor game and can be played even on rainy days. Thus, it is my favorite kind of exercise.
桌球对我们而言，是一项理想的运动，因为它可以使我们全身运动，它可以增强我们的肌肉，扩张我们的肺部，促进血液循环，并且使肌肤产生健康作用，此外，它很有趣而且所费不多。桌球是相当温和适中的，它不像足球那么粗野。它是一种室内运动，甚至在下雨天也能玩。因此，桌球是我最喜爱的一种运动。
5.Previewing is very important in our studies. in this way the knowledge we learn will be more solid, and it will be easier in class. so to preview and review our lessons is really a very good way to study, and very important to us middle school students。
预习对于我们学生的学习是非常重要的。它可以是我们的知识更加牢固。学的更加轻松。课前预习课后复习是非常好的学习方法。有助于学习成绩的提高。对于初三的我们来说，预习和复习更是十分重要的
求采纳，谢谢！
英语课代表竞选稿（英文，要有中文翻译）要简短
今天，很荣幸走上讲台，和那么多乐意为班级作贡献的同学一道，竞选班干部职务。我想，我将用旺盛的精力、清醒的头脑来做好班干部工作，来发挥我的长处帮助同学和x班集体共同努力进步
我从小学到现在班干部一年没拉下，但我一身干净，没有“官相官态”，“官腔官气”；少的是畏首畏尾的私虑，多的是敢做敢为的闯劲。
我想我该当个实干家，不需要那些美丽的词汇来修饰。工作锻炼了我，生活造就了我。戴尔卡耐基说过“不要怕推销自己，只要你认为自己有才华，你就应该认为自己有资格提任这个或那个职务”。
我相信，凭着我新锐不俗的“官念”，凭着我的勇气和才干，凭着我与大家同舟共济的深厚友情，这次竞选演讲给我带来的必定是下次的就职演说。我会在任何时候，任何情况下，都首先是“想同学们之所想，急同学们之所急。” 我决不信奉“无过就是功”的信条，恰恰相反，我认为一个班干部“无功就是过”。因为本人平时与大家相处融洽，人际关系较好，这样在客观上就减少了工作的阻力。我将与风华正茂的同学们在一起，指点江山，发出我们青春的呼喊。当师生之间发生矛盾时，我一定明辨是非，敢于坚持原则。特别是当教师的说法或做法不尽正确时，我将敢于积极为同学们谋求正当的权益如果同学们对我不信任，随时可以提出“不信任案”，对我进行弹劾。你们放心，弹劾我不会像弹劾克林顿那样麻烦，我更不会死赖不走。
既然是花，我就要开放；既然是树，我就要长成栋梁；既然是石头，我就要去铺出大路；既然是班干部，我就要成为一名出色的领航员！
流星的光辉来自天体的摩擦，珍珠的璀璨来自贝壳的眼泪，而一个班级的优秀来自班干部的领导和全体同学的共同努力。
我自信在同学们的帮助下，我能胜任这项工作，正由于这种内驱力，当我走向这个讲台的时候，我感到信心百倍。
你们拿着选票的手还会犹豫吗？谢谢大家的信任
求英语小短文（200字）中文翻译都要有
扇贝 金山词霸里都有这种小故事
求英文 侦探 推理短篇小说 要有中文翻译
:nokiabbs.mo./redirect.php?tid=93829&goto=newpost
不过没有翻译……
ok?
非常不可思议，你们老师居然布置推理小说的……
英语简短冷笑话，要有中文翻译。急求
Q: Why number nine is scared of number seven?
为什么数字九会怕七?
A: Nine is scared of Seven because Seven, Eight, Nine
Seven (ate) Nine 英文谐音
因为七把九吃掉了 (数数 七, 八, 九)
有谁有中文翻译成英文的句子。中文和英文都要！
我说几句我喜欢的吧！ ：年年岁岁花相似，岁岁年年人不同！
One year spent similar, each year is different!
坚信自己也有成功的一天！
Believe that they have a suessful day!
人为梦想而伟大！
Man dreams and great!
急求7人的英语小话剧，要有中文翻译哦！
以making a better decision 英语中文最好也有中文翻译
look before you leap and shop around before you make the final decision, precaution is a must for you to make a better decision.在做最终决定前要三思而后行、货比三家。谨慎是做出更好决定的必要条件。
英语小短文四年级的 一个小短文最多3句 有中文翻译！
My name is xxx. My family has three people. They are my father, mother and I.
英语的贵族姓氏，要有中文翻译
诺曼王室Norman 安茹王室Anjou 兰开斯特王室Lancaster 约克王室York 都铎王室Tudor 斯图亚特王室Stuart 汉诺威王室Hannover 萨克森-科堡-哥达王室一开始姓Wettiner，1917年改姓Windsor 现在女王子孙的姓氏为Mountbatten-Windsor，这个复姓的前半部分即是爱丁堡公爵菲利普亲王的母姓，菲利普亲王的父系家族来自希腊王室Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glück *** urg家族。
此外还有一些非王室显贵姓氏，如Spencer家族，马尔博罗公爵约翰丘吉尔后裔的两个分支分别为丘吉尔首相和戴安娜王妃的祖先。还有已故王太后Bowes-Lyon家族。
精小锐
❸ 英语小故事短文（精美英语小短文带翻译4篇）
小短文带翻译(一)
The City Mouse and the Country Mouse
Once there were two mice. They were friends. One mouse lived in the country; the other mouse lived in the city. After many years the Country mouse saw the City mouse; he said, "Do come and see me at my house in the country." So the City mouse went. The City mouse said, "This food is not good, and your house is not good. Why do you live in a hole in the field? You should come and live in the city. You would live in a nice house made of stone. You would have nice food to eat. You must come and see me at my house in the city."
The Country mouse went to the house of the City mouse. It was a very good house. Nice food was set ready for them to eat. But just as they began to eat they heard a great noise. The City mouse cried, " Run! Run! The cat is coming!" They ran away quickly and hid.
After some time they came out. When they came out, the Country mouse said, "I do not like living in the city. I like living in my hole in the field. For it is nicer to be poor and happy, than to be rich and afraid."
【译文】
城里老鼠和乡下老鼠
从前，有两只老鼠，它们是好朋友。一只老鼠居住在乡村，另一只住在城里。很多年以后，乡下老鼠碰到城里老鼠，它说：“你一定要来我乡下的家看看。”于是，城里老鼠就去了。乡下老鼠领着它到了一块田地上它自己的家里。它把所有最精美食物都找出来给城里老鼠。城里老鼠说：“这东西不好吃，你的家也不好，你为什么住在田野的地洞里呢?你应该伏铅搬到城里去住，你能住上用石头造的漂亮房子，还会吃上美味佳肴，你应该到我城里的家看看历厅搏。”
乡下老鼠就到城里老鼠的家去。房子十分漂亮，好吃的东西也为他们摆好了。可是正当他们要开始吃的时候，听见很大的一阵响声，城里的老鼠叫喊起来：“快跑!快跑!猫来了!”他们飞快地跑开躲藏起来。
过了一会儿，他们出来了。当他们出来时，乡下肢祥老鼠说：“我不喜欢住在城里，我喜欢住在田野我的洞里。因为这样虽然贫穷但是快乐自在，比起虽然富有却要过着提心吊胆的生活来说，要好些 。
高中英语小短文带翻译(二)
There has been a long time for my family not to go out for the activity, because my father is busy all the time. But last week, my father finally finished his project, so that he could take a rest for some time. My father advised us to go to the zoo, I was so excited, because I hadn’t seen many animals in my life. In the zoo, there were so many people, it was so lively. I saw the monkey, the giraffe and so on. I saw these animals in the TV usually, but I saw them in front of me that day. The peacock impressed me so much, it looked homely when it laid down the ground, but when it stood up and opened the wings, it was so gorgeous. People said peacock was proud, indeed, it would not please people. I had a good time in the zoo.
【译文】
对于我的家人来说，我们已经有很长一段时间没有外出活动了，因为爸爸总是很忙。但是上周，我的爸爸终于完成了他的项目，所以他能休息一段时间。爸爸建议我们去动物园，我很兴奋，因为我目前还没有看到过很多动物。在动物园里，有很多人，非常热闹。我看到了猴子，长颈鹿等等。我平常在电视上看到这些动物，但是那天我亲眼看到了。孔雀给我的印象很深刻，在它躺在地上的时候，看起来很普通，但是当它站起来，打开翅膀，是那么的美丽。人们说孔雀是傲慢的，确实，它不会取悦人们。在动物园里我度过了一段美好的时光。
高中英语小短文带翻译(三)
When I was very small, I was so obsessed with the movie Harry Potter. I had watched all the series and I was so impressed by the role that acted by Emma Watson. Now so many years have passed, I keep paying attention to her. Emma is as smart as the role she plays. Though she keeps filming movies, she never gives up study. She got full A in her lesson and she could go to any top university, finally she went to Brown University. When she graated, she was invited to give the speech He For Her. She called the men to be equal with the women. The speech was welcomed by the world and people gave great support. People call Emma the England rose, she is smart and elegant, which sets the good example for the England girls.
【译文】
高中英语小短文带翻译(四)
Many traditional arts are losing nowadays, because some of them have been replaced by the new machines and the scientific procts. I feel so sorry about the losing arts, in my opinion, they are so classic and their charm will never fade away. Take my grandma for example. She is good at paper-cut which was inherited from her mother. But when comes to my mother’s generation, paper-cut seems to be kicked out, there are less people need it, so my mother doesn’t learn this skill. The paper-cut art is losing in my family. When I found my grandma had this skill, I was so surprised and curious about it. I asked my grandma to teach me this skill. During the process, I found this art was so great, I was attracted by it. Some traditional arts like paper-cup should be kept.
【译文】
如今很多传统艺术正在消失,因为一些传统已经被新的机器和科学的产品所替代。对于正在消失的艺术，我感到抱歉,在我看来,他们是如此经典和有魅力,将永远不会消失。以我奶奶为例。她擅长剪纸，继承了她母亲。但是当到我母亲这一代,剪纸似乎被淘汰了,越来越少的人需要它,所以我的母亲不学习这个技能。剪纸艺术在我家中逐渐失去。当我发现我奶奶有这个技能的时候,我是如此的惊讶和好奇。我叫奶奶教我这个技能。在这个过程中,我发现这门艺术是如此之大,我被它吸引住了。一些传统艺术像剪纸应该被保持。
高中英语小短文带翻译(五)
After seeing so many movies about the youth, we are starting to wonder about what do we have in our youth, the fight, the drink or the love? My answer is no. What we see from the movie is not true, the plots are exaggerated and misunderstood. For students, their youth is the process of fighting. They have studied so hard to realize their dreams. When they are in primary school, they want to do well and make their parents be proud of them. When they are in middle school and high school, they need to take part in the exams so as to enter the better future schools. Even they are in college, they still need to study and fight for the ideal job. There is no doubt that most people keep fighting for their future and this is the memory of youth.
【译文】
看了很多关于青春的电影之后,我们开始思考我们的青春有什么,打架,喝酒或谈恋爱?我的答案是否定的。我们从电影看到的是不正确的,故事情节被夸大了,也被误解了。对于学生,他们的青春是战斗的过程。他们努力学习来实现梦想。在上小学的时候,他们想要做的很好,让父母为他们感到骄傲。当他们在初中和高中的时候,需要参加考试,以便将来进入更好的学校。甚至在大学,他们仍然需要学习和争取理想的工作。毫无疑问,大多数人一直在为自己的未来奋斗,这是青春的记忆。
❹ 求大神给一篇英文短小说的翻译。题目是 A secret lost in the water
After I started going to school my father scarcely talked any more. I was very intoxicated by the new game of spelling; my father had little skill for it ( it was my mother who wrote our letters) and was convinced I was no longer interested in hearing him tell of his adventures ring the long weeks when he was far away from the house.
在我开始上学以后，我父亲几乎不再说话了。我对于拼写的新游戏非常兴奋。我的父亲对于它（指拼写）几乎没有什么技能 (总是我母亲写信给我们)并被说服了，就是我不再对于听他从这所房子讲述他在漫长的几个星期里的冒险经历感兴趣了。
One day, however, he said to me :
‘The time’s come to show you something.’
He asked me to follow him. I walked behind him, not talking, as we had got in the habit of doing. He stopped in the field before a clump of leafy bushes.
‘Those are called alders,’ he said.
‘I know.’
‘You have to learn how to choose,’ my father pointed out.
I didn’t understand. He touched each branch of the bush, one at a time, with religious care.
‘You have to choose one that’s very fine, a perfect one, like this.’
I looked; it seemed exactly like the others.
My father opened his pocket knife and cut the branch he’d selected with pious care. He stripped off the
leaves and showed me the branch, which formed a perfect Y.
‘You see,’ he said, ‘the branch has two arms. Now take one in each hand. And squeeze them.’
I did as he asked and took in each hand one fork of the Y, which was thinner than a pencil.
‘Close your eyes,’ my father ordered, ‘ and squeeze a little harder….Don’t open your eyes! Do you feel anything?’
‘The branch is moving!’ I exclaimed, astonished.
有一天，然而，他对我说：“时间会来显示一些事情”
他叫我跟他走。我走在他身后，没有说话，因为我们已经习惯了。他在一片茂密的灌木丛前停了下来。
他说，这些被称为“桤木”。
“我知道。”
“你必须学会如何选择，”我父亲指出。
我不明白。他一次又一次地，如同敬神一般的触摸着灌木丛中的每一根树枝，。
“你必须选择一个非常好的，一个完美的，像这样的。”
我看了看;它看起来和其他的完全一样。
我的父亲打开了他的口袋刀，割断了他精心挑选的树枝。他脱光衣服
树叶，给我看树枝，它形成了一个完美的丫字形。
“你看，”他说，“树枝上有两条胳膊。现在每个手拿一个，挤压他们。”
我按他的要求做了，每只手拿一只比铅笔还薄的丫叉。
“闭上你的眼睛,”父亲命令,“和挤压…有点困难。不要打开你的眼睛!你感觉什么吗?”
“树枝在蠕动!”我叫道,大吃一惊。
Beneath my clenched fingers the alder was wriggling like a small, frightened snake. My father saw that I was about to drop it.
‘Hang on to it!’
‘The branch is squirming,’ I repeated. ‘And I hear something that sounds like a river!’
‘Open your eyes,’ my father ordered.
I was stunned, as though he’d awakened me while I was dreaming.
‘What does it mean?’ I asked my father.
‘It means that underneath us, right here, there’s a little fresh-water spring. If we dig, we could drink from it. I’ve just taught you how to find a spring. It’s something my own father taught me. It isn’t something you learn in school. And it isn’t useless : a man can get along without writing and arithmetic, but he can never get along without water.’
在我紧握的手指下，桤木像一条受惊的小蛇一样蠕动着。我父亲看到我要把它扔掉。
“继续下去!”
“树枝在蠕动，”我重复道。“我听到了一种像河一样的声音!”
“睁开眼睛，”父亲命令道。
我惊呆了，仿佛他在我做梦的时候叫醒了我。
“这是什么意思?”我问父亲。
它的意思是，在我们下面，在这里，有一个淡水泉。如果我们挖它，我们可以喝到水。我刚教你怎么找到泉水。这是我父亲教我的。这不是你在学校里能够学到的东西。而且它也不是无用的:一个人可以不会写也不会算数可以生存，但他却永远无法在没有水的情况下生存。
Much later, I discovered that my father was famous in the region because of what people called his ‘gift’ :
before digging a well they always consulted him; they would watch him prospecting the fields or the hills, eyes closed, hands clenched on the fork of an alder bough. Wherever my father stopped, they marked the ground;
there they would dig; and from there water would gush forth.
很久以后，我发现我父亲在这个地区很出名，因为人们亲切地称他为“礼物”:
在挖井之前，他们总是征求他的意见;他们会看着他在田野或山丘上找矿，眼睛闭着，双手紧握在一个桤木树枝上。无论我父亲在哪里停下，他们都在地上标记;
他们会挖掘;然后水就会涌出来。
Years passed; I went to other schools, saw other countries, I had children, I wrote some books and my poor father is lying in the earth where so many times he had found fresh water.
One day someone began to make a film about my village and its inhabitants, from whom I’ve stolen so many of the stories that I tell. With the film crew we went to see a farmer to capture the image of a sad man: his children didn’t want to receive the inheritance he’d spent his whole life preparing for them — the finest farm in the area. While the technicians were getting cameras and microphones ready the farmer put his arm around my shoulders, saying :
‘I knew your father well.’
‘Ah! I know. Everybody in the village knows each other… No one feels like an outsider.’
‘You know what’s under your feet?’
‘Hell?’ I asked, laughing.
好些年过去了;我去了别的学校，看到了其他的国家，我有了自己的孩子，我也写了一些书，我可怜的父亲长眠在他已经找到了很多的淡水那里的地下。
有一天，有人开始拍一部关于我的村庄和它的居民的电影，我从他那里偷来了很多他给我讲的故事。在电影摄制组的帮助下，我们去找一个农夫帮助我们去捕捉一个悲伤的人的形象:他的孩子们不想接受他一生都在为他们准备的遗产——最好的农场，在该地区。当技术人员准备好相机和麦克风的时候，农民把他的手臂搭在我的肩膀上，说:“我很了解你的父亲。”
“啊! 我知道。村里的每个人都知道彼此…没有人感觉就像一个局外人。”
“你知道你脚下是什么吗?”
“地狱?”我问,笑了。
‘Under you feet there’s a well. Before I g I called in specialists from the Department of Agriculture; they did research, they analyzed shovelfuls of dirt; and they made a report where they said there wasn’t any water on my land. With the family, the animals, the crops, I need water. When I saw that those specialists hadn’t found any I thought of your father and I asked him to come over. He didn’t want to; I think he was pretty fed up with me because I ‘d asked those specialists instead of him. But finally he came; he went and cut off a little branch, then he walked around for a while with his eyes shut; he stopped, he listened to something we couldn’t hear and then he said to me : ‘Dig right here, there’s enough water to get your whole flock drunk and drown your specialists besides.’ We g and found water. Fine water that’s never heard of pollution.
“你站的脚下有一口井，在我挖掘之前，我请来了农业部的专家;他们做了研究，分析了土壤;他们做了一个报告，说我的土地上没有水。我有我的家庭，动物，庄稼，我需要水。当我看到那些专家还没有找到水源时，我想起了你父亲，我请他过来。他不想来;我觉得他很厌烦我，因为我问了那些专家而不是他。但最后他去砍了一根小树枝，然后他闭着眼睛在附近转悠了一会儿; 他停了下来，听着我们听不见的东西，然后他对我说:“挖到这儿，有足够的水把你的整个羊群都喝醉了，还能把你的专家们淹死。”我们挖了挖，发现了水源。听说过的没有污染的好水源。
The film people were ready; they called to me to take my place.
‘I’m gonna to show you something,’ said the farmer, keeping me back. ‘You wait right here.’
He disappeared into a shack which he must have used to store things, then came back with a branch which he held out to me.
‘I never throw nothing away; I kept the alder branch your father cut to find my water. I don’t understand, it hasn’t dried out.’
电影摄制人员都准备好了;他们叫站好我的位置。
“我要给你看些东西，”农夫说着，把我拉了回去。“你在这里等一下。”
他消失在一个小棚子里，那一定是用来储藏东西的，然后又带着树枝回来了，他向我伸出一枝树枝。
“我从不把东西扔掉;我把你父亲切开的来找我的水源的桤木树枝保留着。我不明白的是，它还没干呢。”
Moved as I touched the branch, kept out of I don’t know what sense of piety—and which really wasn’t dry —I had the feeling that my father was watching me over my shoulder; I closed my eyes and, standing above the spring my father had discovered, I waited for the branch to writhe, I hoped the sound of gushing water would rise to my ears.
The alder stayed motionless in my hands and the water beneath the earth refused to sing.
Somewhere along the roads I’d taken since the village of my childhood I had forgotten my father’s knowledge.
‘Don’t feel sorry,’ said the man, thinking no doubt of his farm and his childhood; ‘nowadays fathers can’t pass on anything to the next generation.’
And he took the alder branch from my hands.
当我触摸着树枝的时候，我说不出那是什么样的一种虔诚的感觉，——我觉得父亲在我肩上方看着我;我闭上眼睛，站在我父亲发现的水源的上方，我期待着树枝的蠕动，我希望滔滔不绝的水声会涌上我的耳朵。
桤木树枝一动不动地握在我的手里，地下的泉水却拒绝咏唱。
从我童年时代起，我就已经在路上的某个地方忘记了父亲的知识技能。
“别难过，”那个人说，他的认知就如他对他的农场和他的童年是毫不怀疑的，“现今的父亲也没法把所有东西传给下一代。”
他从我手里接过了桤木树枝。
❺ 10篇英语小短文带翻译
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❻ 关于写作 | 短篇小说(Short Story)的套路
在英文文学中，有一种写作类型叫narrative writing，narrative这个词的中文意思就是讲故事，所以narrative writing可以译成 记叙文体或叙事文体写作 。Short Story（短篇小说）和Novel（长篇小说）都属这种文体。
在中文中，我们习惯把Novel翻译成“小说”，Story翻译成“故事”，所以Short Story究竟是翻译成“短篇小说”好还是“短篇故事”好，也未有定论。由于不同语言本身并没有完全对等的翻译，也由于中国文学的小说发展路径与西方文学小说发展路径有很大的不同，所以，这种咬文嚼字的细节暂时先放下不提，下文统一口径称之短篇小说。
英文文学中的短篇小说是专指 篇幅较短 、围绕 单一事件 描写的记叙文体作品。篇幅以一万词为最高上限，也有说法认为五千词是最高上限。
那么，经典的英文短篇小说有哪些要素呢？简单地说就是P.A.C.T.S.，加拿大高中老师会让学生填写P.A.C.T.S. sheet来分析和理解一篇短篇小说。
故事也好小说也罢，都离不了情节。依据短篇小说的定义，它只有一个中心事件，故事的情节就围绕着这一个中心事件展开。包括：
一个完整的短篇小说的情节应该包括所有这些要素，使小说的整体走势呈A字：
讲故事要营造一种氛围，使读者产生相应的情绪。 氛围 是作者通过自己的文字传达出去的，而 情绪 是读者在阅读文字的过程中所感知的。一篇好的作品，应该是作者能够让读者感受到自己营造的氛围，并产生相应的情绪。而差的作品则相反，读者或者感受不到作者营造的氛围，或者产生跟作者期望的完全不符的情绪。
比如，用自然环境营造气氛是文学作品中最常见的手法，晴天代表好心情，阴天代表伤心难过……。并不是说现实生活中晴天白日就不会发生倒霉事，而是说这样的写法最接近正常人的心理感知，因为人在心情好的时候就是会感觉气朗天清。这一方面，托马斯·哈代是个中高手，可以参考他在《德伯家的苔丝》中对自然的描写是如何烘托主角的悲喜境遇的。
当然，文学名家可以让倒霉事发生在大晴天并让读者更觉悲摧，但对初级写手来说，这样做往往是危险的，会造成读者在阅读时情绪混乱，怀疑作者是蛇精病。
曾有人在新年时收到远方友人一封信：“过去几个新年，每次我们两家人都在一起过，朋友欢聚何等愉快。今年你们远赴他乡，但不知道怎么的，我们一点儿也没觉得难过。”——如果不是知道这哥们永远词不达意，这信基本就是绝交信的节奏了。这就是氛围营造的车祸现场。
不用说，短篇小说必须有人物，而且一般还不止一个人物：一或两个 主要人物 和几个 次要人物 。主要人物不能多过两个，否则就乱套了。
次要人物在整个故事中是不变的 ，做为背景色存在。而随着情节展开，各方冲突的发展， 主要人物必须有一个明确的、合乎逻辑的变化过程 ，或者是处境变化，或者是心理变化，或者是情绪变化，等等等等。如果主要人物没有变化，那将是一个无味的故事，如果次要人物发生变化，那将是一个混乱的主次不分的故事。
主角还应该有一个敌手(Antagonist），就是那个给主角制造麻烦的人或物。敌手可以是另一个主角，也可以是次要角色，还可以是主角自己，甚至还可以是主角身处的社会、自然环境。
在中文语境中，小说与故事最重要的一个区别是：故事只是讲述一件事，这件事可能是真实发生的，也可能是想象的，故事 可以 不传达讲述者的任何价值和观念；而小说则不同， 小说是作者通过一个故事传达自己的思想 ，也就是我们常说的、也是中学时代最恨的“中心思想”。
因此，一篇好的小说应该能让读者get到一个“人生道理”。当然每个读者有自己的人生经验，所以从同一篇小说中每个读者get到的人生道理可能不一样。还是以莫泊桑的《项链》为例，中国的高中语文的标准答案是“对资产阶级虚荣的生活方式的无情批判”，而加拿大的标准答案有好几个：做人要诚实（早跟朋友承认项链丢了可能就只用赔500法郎不必做十年苦工了）、爱情很坚贞（这败家老婆都没家暴她，还借钱帮她还债，绝对是真爱了）……
一般来说，故事发生的时间和地点会在故事的一开始交待清楚，但也并非总是这样。有时，故事的时间地点会隐藏在故事情节中，比如，看到出租马车，读者就大概猜到这起码是一个世纪以前的故事，提到一周挣七个先令，就能猜出故事发生在英国，而且也是很久以前。
初级写手可以一开头交待清楚时间地点，高段位写手则可以把这些信息在行文中润物细无声地传达出来，和故事情节结合成一个协调的整体。
除了PACTS五大要素，短篇小说还有一大要素Narration & Point of View，英文缩写成POV。 POV就是指故事是从谁的视角来讲述 ，即中文所说的第一人称叙述和第三人称叙述。
第一人称很好理解，整篇故事是“我”“我”“我”，我看、我听、我动、我说、我想。这种视角最大的限制是，“我”只能知道别人在我面前说了什么、做了什么，但“我”不知道别人想了什么，也不知道别人在“我”不在场时说了什么做了什么（除非再有另一个人来告诉“我”）。而这种视角最大的好处是适合初写者，因为只要写清楚“我”如何就可以了，别人都是“我”眼中、耳中的映射。
第三人称是用“他”“她”“它”讲故事。第三人称又细分为 有限制的第三人称(3rd person view limited) 和 上帝视角第三人称(3rd person view Omniscient) 。
有限制的第三人称是用主要人物的视角去写，故事讲述者知道主要人物所做所为所思所想，但对其他人物则所知（写）不多，这是大部分第三人称故事使用的讲述方式。
上帝视角第三人称之所以称为上帝视角，就是指故事讲述者知道整个故事所有人的所有行为和思想，是一个全知全觉的存在。具体写作的例子可以参考简奥斯汀的小说。这种讲述方式是初学者最喜欢用的，因为直接把每个人物的所思所想写出来交待给读者简单易行，比费工费力地描写人物的行为举止可省事儿多了。然而这样写却很容易造成行文的混乱，让读者在不同人物的不同视角跳来跳去，好像一个初学摄像的人，镜头摇来晃去，拍出来的视频只能让人头晕。至于有些初学者以第一人称写作却总是“不小心”钻到别人的身体里把人家的想法说出来，那就更是笑话了。
这篇文章是根据我在加拿大读高中英语的课堂笔记整理及个人理解而成，如有错误，欢迎指正。
❼ 求七年级上册英语阅读短文20篇 含答案
1。Today i and friends of foreign travel, outside air is very good, people feel very comfortable. We all appreciate the fine girls bicycles. We enjoyed the beautiful nature brought. We happily spent a happy day. 今天和朋友一起出外交游，外面的空气很好，人感觉很舒服。我们骑着自行车一路欣赏鸟语花香。享受着大自然带给我们的无限美好。大家开开心心地度过了愉快的一天。
2。Today Mailehaoo clothes, and parents take to the streets is happy, the parents have to pay to buy things. Unlike in their street to buy things they like to take a long time but saw the price, Ha-ha, is really very happy. I love my parents, I too thank them for the care and love. `` 今天买了好多衣服，和父母上街就是愉快，买东西有父母帮付钱。不像平时自己上街买东西碰到喜欢的但看了价钱都要考虑好久，呵呵，真的是很开心。我爱我的父母，太感谢他们对我的关心和爱戴了。
3.Flute " Robinson Crusoe " of good fortune, novelist of British, describe protagonist drift about on the island, overcome the difficulty, the legend story of pioneering an enterprise with painstaking efforts. Novel write true naturally, legendary. The protagonist plants the crops on the detached island, puts up the log cabin, has eaten the innumerable trials and tribulations, survive. Want, go back human world anxious, want to go how about go out of these damnable place only like make him to be fascinated, result fail, get back to, long separated for Britain for 28 year give me enlightenment by " Robinson's records of adventure " on 1868 year finally, tanacity of him let me wait for a chance to cause trouble, want, march toward another goal for life, look like Robinson like that spend one's own strength,reach ideal realm one's own. We need possess Robinson so spirit of struggle diligently.
英国小说家笛福的《鲁滨逊漂流记》描述了主人公漂流海岛,战胜困难,艰苦创业的传奇故事. 小说写得真实自然,富有传奇色彩.主人公在孤岛上种庄稼,搭木屋,吃了千辛万苦,生存下来.但想回人间的心切,使他着迷般地只想到如何走出这个鬼地方,结果还是失败了,最后于1868年回到阔别28年的英国
《鲁滨孙漂流记》给我以启示，他的顽强让我蠢蠢欲动，想要迈向人生的另一目标，像鲁滨孙那样用自己的力量，到达自己理想的境界。
我们需要具备鲁滨逊那样的刻苦奋斗的精神.
The World's Greatest Swordsman
At an exhibition of the world's best swordsman, the third-place fencer took the stage. A fly was released, and with an arc of his sword he cut the fly in half. The crowd cheered. Then the second-place man sliced a fly into quarters. A hush fell in anticipation of the world's greatest swordsman.
His blade came down in a mighty arc - but the insect continued on its way! The crowd was aghast. The greatest swordsman had missed his target completely, yet he continued to smile.
"Why are you so happy?" someone yelled. "You missed!"
"Ah," replied the swordsman, "you weren't watching very carefully. They fly lives, yes - but he will never be a father."
世界上最伟大的击剑手
在一场世界最佳击剑手表演中，排名第三的击剑手上场了。一只苍蝇放了出来，剑划了一个弧，他将苍蝇劈成了两半。观众欢呼起来。紧接着排名第二的人将一只苍蝇切成了四半。现场一阵沉默，人们期盼着世界上最伟大的击剑手出场。
他的剑锋以一个巨大的弧线划了下来－－然而那只昆虫还在继续飞行!观众被惊呆了。最伟大的击剑手完全错过了他的目标，然而他还在微笑着。
“你为什么这么高兴？”有人嚷道，“你没击中!”
“啊，”剑手答道，“你刚才没有很仔细地看。苍蝇还活着，是的－－但他永远也做不成爸爸了。”
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A Mistake
An American, a Scot and a Canadian were killed in a car accident. They arrived at the gates of heaven, where a flustered St. Peter explained that there had been a mistake. "Give me $500 each," he said, "and I'll return you to earth as if the whole thing never happened."
"Done!" said the American. Instantly, he found himself standing unhurt near the scene.
"Where are the others?" asked a medic.
"Last I knew," said the American, "the Scot was haggling price, and the Canadian was arguing that his government should pay."
搞错了
一位美国人，一位英格兰人和一位加拿大人在一场车祸中丧生。他们到达天堂的门口。在那里，醉醺醺的圣彼德解释说是搞错了。“每人给我五百美元，”他说，“我将把你们送回人间，就象什么都没有发生过一样。”
“成交!”美国人说。立刻，他发现自己毫不损伤地站在现场附近。
“其他人在哪儿？”一名医生问道。
“我离开之前，”那名美国人说，“我看见英格兰人正在砍价，而那名加拿大人正在分辩说应该由他的政府来出这笔钱。”
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Pig or Witch
A man is driving up a steep, narrow mountain road. A woman is driving down the same road. As they pass each other, the woman leans out of the window and yells "PIG!!" The man immediately leans out of his window and replies, "WITCH(女巫)!!" They each continue on their way, and as the man rounds the next corner, he crashes into a pig in the middle of the road. If only men would listen.
猪还是女巫
一个男人在一条陡峭狭窄的山路上驾车，一个女人相向驾车而来。他们相遇时，那个女的从窗中伸出头来叫到：“猪！！”那个男的立即从窗中伸出头来回敬道：“女巫！！”他们继续前行。这个男的在下一个路口转弯时，撞上了路中间的一头猪。要是这个男的能听懂那个女人的意思就好了。
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Response Ability
An Ogden, Iowa, minister was matching coins with a member of his congregation for a cup of coffee. When asked if that didn't constitute gambling, the minister replied, "It's merely a scientific method of determining just who is going to commit an act of charity."
Philosopher Bertrand Russell, asked if he was willing to die for his beliers, replied: "Of course not. After all, I may be wrong."
A newspaper organized a contest for the best answer to the question: "If a fire broke out in the Louvre, and if you could only save one painting, which one would you carry out?"
The winning reply was: "The one nearest the exit."
答问技巧
衣阿华州奥格根的一位牧师正在与一位教友为一杯咖啡而猜硬币。别人问他那是否构成赌博行为时，牧师答道：“这仅仅是决定由谁来做一件善事的一种科学方法。”
当我人问哲学家罗素是否愿意为了他的信仰而献身时，他答道：“当然不会。毕竟，我可能会是错的。”
一份报纸组织了一场竞赛，为下面的问题征集最佳答案：“如果卢浮宫起了火，而你只能救出一幅画，你将救出哪一幅？”
获奖的答案是：“最接近门口的那一幅。”
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Jonesie The Great Lion Hunter
A small village was troubled by a man-eating lion. So its leaders sent a message to the great hunter, Jonesie, to come and kill the beast.
For several nights the hunter lay in wait for the lion, but it never appeared. Finally, he told the village chief to kill a cow and give him its hide. Draping the skin over his shoulders, he went to the pasture to wait for the lion.
In the middle of the night, the villagers woke to the sound of blood-curdling shrieks coming from the pasture. As they carefully approached, they saw the hunter on the ground, groaning in pain. There was no sign of the lion.
"What happened, Jonesie? Where is the lion?" asked the chief.
"Forget the damn lion!" he howled. "Which one of you idiots let the bull loose?"
伟大的猎手Jonesie
有个小村庄正为一只吃人的狮子而烦恼。于是，村长派人去请伟大的猎手Jonesie来杀死这只野兽。
猎手躺着等了几个晚上，但狮子一直没有出现。最后，他要求村长杀只羊然后把头皮给他。把羊皮披在身上后，猎人到草原上去等狮子。
半夜，村民被从草原传来的声嘶力竭的尖叫声惊醒。他们小心地靠近后，看到猎手正躺在草地上痛苦地呻吟。没有狮子出没的蛛丝马迹。
“Jonesie，怎么了？狮子在哪？”村长问。
“哪有狮子！”猎人怒吼道，“哪个傻瓜把公牛放出来了？”
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Weather Predict
A film crew was on location deep in the desert. One day an old Indian went up to the director and said, "Tomorrow rain." The next day it rained.
A week later, the Indian went up to the director and said, "Tomorrow storm." The next day there was a hailstorm.
"This Indian is incredible," said the director. He told his secretary to hire the Indian to predict the weather.
However, after several successful predictions, the old Indian didn't show up for two weeks.
Finally the director sent for him. "I have to shoot a big scene tomorrow," said the director, "and I'm depending on you. What will the weather be like?"
The Indian shrugged his shoulders. "Don't know," he said. "Radio is broken."
天气预报
一个电影摄制组在沙漠深处工作.一天,一个印度老人到导演跟前告诉导演说"明天下雨."第二天果然下雨了.
一周后,印度人又来告诉导演说,"明天有风暴."果然,第二天下了雹暴.
"印度人真神,"导演说.他告诉秘书雇佣该印度人来预报天气.
几次预报都很成功.然后,接下来的两周,印度人不见了.
最后,导演派人去把他叫来了."我明天必须拍一个很大的场景,"导演说,"这得靠你了.明天天气如何啊?"
印度人耸了耸肩."我不知道,"印度人说,"收音机坏了."
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I Am Acting Like a Lady
One day when women's dresses were on sale at the FarEast Department Store, a dignified middle-aged man decided to get his wife a piece. But he soon found himself being battered by frantic women.
He stood it as long as he could; then, with head lowered and arms flailing, he plowed through the crowed.
"You there!" challenged a thrill voice. "Can't you act like a gentleman?"
"Listen," he said, "I have been acting like a gentleman for an hour. From now on, I am acting like a lady."
我要表现得象位女士
一天，远东百货公司的女装大减价，一位高贵的中年男士想给太太买一件。可是，没过多久，他发现自己已被疯狂的女人冲得踉踉跄跄。
他竭力忍耐着。后来，他低下头，挥动双臂，挤过人群。
“你干嘛？”有人尖声叫道，“你难道不能表现得象位绅士吗？”
“听着，”他说，“我已经象绅士一样表现了一个小时。从现在起，我要表现得象个女士。”