lun短篇小说
⑴ 求名家短篇散文20篇最好短一点
1、朱自清《春》
盼望着，盼望着，东风来了，春天的脚步近了。一切都像刚睡醒的样子，欣欣然张开了眼。山朗润起来了，水长起来了，太阳的脸红起来了。小草偷偷地从土里钻出来，嫩嫩的，绿绿的。园子里，田野里，瞧去，一大片一大片满是的。
坐着，躺着，打两个滚，踢几脚球，赛几趟跑，捉几回迷藏。风轻悄悄的，草绵软软的。桃树、杏树、梨树，你不让我，我不让你，都开满了花赶趟儿。红的像火，粉的像霞，白的像雪。花里带着甜味，闭了眼，树上仿佛已经满是桃儿、杏儿、梨儿。
花下成千成百的蜜蜂嗡嗡地闹着，大小的蝴蝶飞来飞去。野花遍地是：杂样儿，有名字的，没名字的，散在花丛里，像眼睛，像星星，还眨呀眨的。“吹面不寒杨柳风”，不错的，像母亲的手抚摸着你。
风里带来些新翻的泥土的气息，混着青草味，还有各种花的香，都在微微润湿的空气里酝酿。鸟儿将窠巢安在繁花嫩叶当中，高兴起来了，呼朋引伴地卖弄清脆的喉咙，唱出宛转的曲子，与轻风流水应和着。牛背上牧童的短笛，这时候也成天在嘹亮地响。
5、史铁生《秋天的怀念》
双腿瘫痪后，我的脾气变得暴怒无常。望着望着天上北归的雁阵，我会突然把面前的玻璃砸碎；听着听着李谷一甜美的歌声，我会猛地把手边的东西摔向四周的墙壁。母亲就悄悄地躲出去，在我看不见的地方偷偷地听着我的动静。当一切恢复沉寂，她又悄悄地进来，眼边红红的，看着我。
“听说北海的花儿都开了，我推着你去走走。”她总是这么说。母亲喜欢花，可自从我的腿瘫痪以后，她侍弄的那些花都死了。“不，我不去！”我狠命地捶打这两条可恨的腿，喊着，“我可活什么劲儿！”母亲扑过来抓住我的手，忍住哭声说：“咱娘儿俩在一块儿，好好儿活，好好儿活……”
可我却一直都不知道，她的病已经到了那步田地。后来妹妹告诉我，她常常肝疼得整宿整宿翻来覆去地睡不了觉。
那天我又独自坐在屋里，看着窗外的树叶“唰唰啦啦”地飘落。母亲进来了，挡在窗前：“北海的菊花开了，我推着你去看看吧。”她憔悴的脸上现出央求般的神色。“什么时候？”“你要是愿意，就明天?”她说。我的回答已经让她喜出望外了。
“好吧，就明天。”我说。她高兴得一会坐下，一会站起：“那就赶紧准备准备。”“哎呀，烦不烦？几步路，有什么好准备的！”她也笑了，坐在我身边，絮絮叨叨地说着：“看完菊花，咱们就去‘仿膳’，你小时候最爱吃那儿的豌豆黄儿。还记得那回我带你去北海吗？你偏说那杨树花是毛毛虫，跑着，一脚踩扁一个……”
她忽然不说了。对于“跑”和“踩”一类的字眼，她比我还敏感。她又悄悄地出去了。她出去了，就再也没回来。邻居们把她抬上车时，她还在大口大口地吐着鲜血。我没想到她已经病成那样。看着三轮车远去，也绝没有想到那竟是永远的诀别。
邻居的小伙子背着我去看她的时候，她正艰难地呼吸着，像她那一生艰难的生活。别人告诉我，她昏迷前的最后一句话是：“我那个有病的儿子和我那个还未成年的女儿……”
又是秋天，妹妹推着我去北海看了菊花。黄色的花淡雅，白色的花高洁，紫红色的花热烈而深沉，泼泼洒洒，秋风中正开得烂漫。我懂得母亲没有说完的话。妹妹也懂。我俩在一块儿，要好好儿活……
⑵ 我需要一篇英文短篇的小故事，大概4-5分钟左右，拜托大家多多帮忙！
网址：
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Cheerful%20Temper.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Great%20Grief.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Leaf%20from%20Heaven.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Rose%20from%20Homer's%20Grave.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Story%20from%20the%20Sand-Hills.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Story.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Anne%20Lisbeth.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Beauty%20of%20Form%20and%20Beauty%20of%20Mind.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/By%20the%20Almshouse%20Window.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Children's%20Prattle.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Delaying%20is%20not%20Forgetting.txt
好麻烦的，你自己找吧：
http://www.rr365.com/Article/reading/200604/5990.html
还又很多的哦：
英语小故事_学习热线
http://www.dbpower.cn/forum_view.asp?forum_id=2826&view_id=1234
英语小故事网
http://www.hebsme.gov.cn/manage/wen/viewtemp.asp?id=4287
英语小故事290，有图，有点意思的：）~
http://flash.cdream.net/flash/050112/12388.htm
英语小故事（英语教学资料-初一英语）
http://www.xe.net/down_view_9791.html
英语小作文网:)~里面有分类的，可以参考
http://blog.diandian.net/blog/member/1095/archives/2005/2005112584557.shtml#5009
下面几个英语网，有各个方面的，你可以根据自己的情况，参考下格写作式和内容：）~~
这里也有不少英语的优秀短文：：）~~
http://www.hzsdyfz.com.cn/gao2/English/lanmu.php?size=comp
英语写作网，很全的,：）~~
http://www.blog.e.cn/user1/12601/subject/
可以学习下：）~~
http://www.hzsdyfz.com.cn/gao2/English/lanmu.php?size=comp
英语书写范文：）~
http://www.lunwen.org.cn/Html/wx08/
还有现成的：
英语小故事Who Deserves Help? 可以参考：）~
Many years ago, there lived a very rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. So he placed a very large stone in the center of the main road into town. Then he hid behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.
"Who put this stone in the center of the road?" said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone in the center of the road, but not one of them tried to remove it. Late in the afternoon, a young man came along. He saw the stone and said, "The night will be very dark. Some neighbor will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone. "
The young man then began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his strength to move it to one side. But imagine his surprise when under the stone he found a bag full of money and this message: "This money is for the thoughtful person who removes this stone from the road. That person deserves help."
其实你也可以用flash的：
剑桥英语不错的：http://www.xintang.cn/
也可以直接找网址：http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/donghua.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/yingwengequ.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/donghuaguoshi.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/dianzitushu.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/ihuaanyu.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/ihuaanyu.htm
或者这个
翅 膀
一天，我工作的炸鸡店在关门前出现了一阵抢购狂潮，结果除了鸡翅外所有的东西都卖完了。当我正准备锁门时，一名喝醉了的旅客进来要进餐。我问他翅膀行不行，他从柜台上靠过身子来，回答道：“女士，我到这儿来是吃东西的，不是要飞！”
Wings
The fried-chicken restaurant where I was working had a big rush just before closing one day, leaving us with nothing to sell but wings. As I was about to lock the doors, aa quietly intoxicated customer came in and ordered dinner. When I asked if wings would be all right, he leaned over the counter and replied, "Lady, I came in here to eat, not fly."
真的是太多了：
这是保存在我的电脑里的哦
A Brother Like That
A friend of mine named Paul received an automobile from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street urchin was walking around the shiny new car, admiring it.
"Is this your car, Mister?" he said.
Paul nodded. "My brother gave it to me for Christmas." The boy was astounded. "You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn’t cost you nothing? Boy, I wish . . ." He hesitated.
Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the lad said jarred Paul all the way down to his heels.
"I wish," the boy went on, "That I could be a brother
like that."
Paul looked at the boy in astonishment, then impulsively he added, "Would you like to take a ride in my car?"
"Oh yes, Id love that."
After a short ride, the boy turned with his eyes aglow, said, "Mister, would you mind driving in front of my house?"
Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the lad wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big automobile. But Paul was wrong again. "Will you stop where those two steps are?" the boy asked.
He ran up the steps. Then in a little while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled brother. He sat him down on the bottom step, then sort of squeezed up against him and pointed to the car.
"There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent. And some day Im gonna give you one just like it . . . then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that Ive been trying to tell you about."
Paul got out and lifted the lad to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began a memorable holiday ride. That Christmas Eve, Paul learned what Jesus meant when he said: "It is more blessed to give . . . "
内容：
哥哥的心愿
圣诞节时，保罗的哥哥送他一辆新车。圣诞节当天，保罗离开办公室时，一个男孩绕着那辆闪闪发亮的新车，十分赞叹地问：
"先生，这是你的车？"
保罗点点头："这是我哥哥送给我的圣诞节礼物。"男孩满脸惊讶，支支吾吾地说："你是说这是你哥送的礼物，没花你一分钱？天哪，我真希望也能……"
保罗当然知道男孩他真想希望什么。他希望能有一个象那样的哥哥。但是小男孩接下来说的话却完全出乎了保罗的意料。
"我希望自己能成为送车给弟弟的哥哥。"男孩继续说。
保罗惊愕地看着那男孩，冲口而出地说："你要不要坐我的车去兜风？"
"哦，当然好了，我太想坐了！"
车开了一小段路后，那孩子转过头来，眼睛闪闪发亮，对我说："先生，你能不能把车子开到我家门前？"
保罗微笑，他知道孩子想干什么。那男孩必定是要向邻居炫耀，让大家知道他坐了一部大轿车回家。但是这次保罗又猜错了。"你能不能把车子停在那两个台阶前？"男孩要求道。
男孩跑上了阶梯，过了一会儿保罗听到他回来了，但动作似乎有些缓慢。原来把他跛脚的弟弟带出来了，将他安置在第一个台阶上，紧紧地抱着他，指着那辆新车。
只听那男孩告诉弟弟："你看，这就是我刚才在楼上对你说的那辆新车。这是保罗他哥哥送给他的哦！将来我也会送给你一辆像这样的车，到那时候你就能自己去看那些在圣诞节时，挂窗口上的漂亮饰品了，就象我告诉过你的那样。"
保罗走下车子，把跛脚男孩抱到车子的前座。兴奋得满眼放光的哥哥也爬上车子，坐在弟弟的身旁。就这样他们三人开始一次令人难忘的假日兜风。
那个圣诞夜，保罗才真正体会主耶稣所说的"施比受更有福"的道理。
A man came home form work late, tired and found his 5 years old son waiting for him at the door. "Daddy, may I ask you a question?" "Yeah, sure, what is it?" replied the man. "Daddy, how much do you make an hour?" "If you must know, I make $20 an hour."" Oh," The little boy replied, with his head down, looking up, he said, "Daddy, may I please borrow $10" the father was furious, "If the only reason you asked that is so you can borrow some money to buy a silly toy, then you go to bed." The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door. After about an hour or so, the man had calmed down. And started to think. Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that $10 and he really didn't ask for money very often. The man went to the door of the little boy's room and opened the door.” Are you asleep, son?" he asked. "no daddy," replied the boy. "I've been thinking, maybe I was too hard on you earlier." said the man, "Here's the $10 you asked for." the little boy sat straight up, smiling. "Oh, thank you daddy!" he yelled. Then, reaching under his pillow he pulled out some crumpled up bills. The man seeing that the boy already had money, started to get angry again. The little boy slowly counted out his money, then looked up at his father. "Why do you want more money? Is you already have some?" the father asked. "Because I didn't have enough, but now I do.”The little boy repiied, "Daddy , I have $20 now. Can I buy an hour of your time? Please come home early tomorrow. I would like to have dinner with you."
Little Red Riding Hood
Once upon a time there was a dear little girl who was loved by everyone who looked at her, but most of all by her grandmother, and there was nothing that she would not have given to the child. Once she gave her a little riding hood of red velvet, which suited her so well that she would never wear anything else; so she was always called 'Little Red Riding Hood.'
One day her mother said to her: 'Come, Little Red Riding Hood, here is a piece of cake and a bottle of wine; take them to your grandmother, she is ill and weak, and they will do her good. Set out before it gets hot, and when you are going, walk nicely and quietly and do not run off the path, or you may fall and break the bottle, and then your grandmother will get nothing; and when you go into her room, don't forget to say, "Good morning", and don't peep into every corner before you do it.'
'I will take great care,' said Little Red Riding Hood to her mother, and gave her hand on it.
The grandmother lived out in the wood, half a league from the village, and just as Little Red Riding Hood entered the wood, a wolf met her. Red Riding Hood did not know what a wicked creature he was, and was not at all afraid of him.
'Good day, Little Red Riding Hood,' said he.
'Thank you kindly, wolf.'
'Whither away so early, Little Red Riding Hood?'
'To my grandmother's.'
'What have you got in your apron?'
'Cake and wine; yesterday was baking-day, so poor sick grandmother is to have something good, to make her stronger.'
'Where does your grandmother live, Little Red Riding Hood?'
'A good quarter of a league farther on in the wood; her house stands under the three large oak-trees, the nut-trees are just below; you surely must know it,' replied Little Red Riding Hood.
The wolf thought to himself: 'What a tender young creature! what a nice plump mouthful - she will be better to eat than the old woman. I must act craftily, so as to catch both.'
So he walked for a short time by the side of Little Red Riding Hood, and then he said: 'See, Little Red Riding Hood, how pretty the flowers are about here - why do you not look round? I believe, too, that you do not hear how sweetly the little birds are singing; you walk gravely along as if you were going to school, while everything else out here in the wood is merry.'
< 2 >
Little Red Riding Hood raised her eyes, and when she saw the sunbeams dancing here and there through the trees, and pretty flowers growing everywhere, she thought: 'Suppose I take grandmother a fresh nosegay; that would please her too. It is so early in the day that I shall still get there in good time.'
So she ran from the path into the wood to look for flowers. And whenever she had picked one, she fancied that she saw a still prettier one farther on, and ran after it, and so got deeper and deeper into the wood.
Meanwhile the wolf ran straight to the grandmother's house and knocked at the door.
'Who is there?'
'Little Red Riding Hood,' replied the wolf. 'She is bringing cake and wine; open the door.'
'Lift the latch,' called out the grandmother, 'I am too weak, and cannot get up.'
The wolf lifted the latch, the door sprang open, and without saying a word he went straight to the grandmother's bed, and devoured her. Then he put on her clothes, dressed himself in her cap, laid himself in bed and drew the curtains.
Little Red Riding Hood, however, had been running about picking flowers, and when she had gathered so many that she could carry no more, she remembered her grandmother, and set out on the way to her.
She was surprised to find the cottage-door standing open, and when she went into the room, she had such a strange feeling that she said to herself: 'Oh dear! how uneasy I feel today, and at other times I like being with grandmother so much.' She called out: 'Good morning,' but received no answer; so she went to the bed and drew back the curtains. There lay her grandmother with her cap pulled far over her face, and looking very strange.
'Oh! grandmother,' she said, 'what big ears you have!'
'All the better to hear you with, my child,' was the reply.
'But, grandmother, what big eyes you have!' she said.
'All the better to see you with, my dear.'
'But, grandmother, what large hands you have!'
'All the better to hug you with.'
'Oh! but, grandmother, what a terrible big mouth you have!'
'All the better to eat you with!'
And scarcely had the wolf said this, than with one bound he was out of bed and swallowed up Red Riding Hood.
< 3 >
When the wolf had appeased his appetite, he lay down again in the bed, fell asleep and began to snore very loud.
The huntsman was just passing the house, and thought to himself: 'How the old woman is snoring! I must just see if she wants anything.' So he went into the room, and when he came to the bed, he saw that the wolf was lying in it.
'Do I find you here, you old sinner!' said he. 'I have long sought you!' But just as he was going to fire at him, it occurred to him that the wolf might have devoured the grandmother, and that she might still be saved, so he did not fire, but took a pair of scissors, and began to cut open the stomach of the sleeping wolf.
When he had made two snips, he saw the little red riding hood shining, and then he made two snips more, and the little girl sprang out, crying: 'Ah, how frightened I have been! How dark it was inside the wolf.'
After that the aged grandmother came out alive also, but scarcely able to breathe. Red Riding Hood, however, quickly fetched great stones with which they filled the wolf's belly, and when he awoke, he wanted to run away, but the stones were so heavy that he collapsed at once, and fell dead.
Then all three were delighted. The huntsman drew off the wolf's skin and went home with it; the grandmother ate the cake and drank the wine which Red Riding Hood had brought, and revived. But Red Riding Hood thought to herself: 'As long as I live, I will never leave the path by myself to run into the wood, when my mother has forbidden me to do so.'
It is also related that once, when Red Riding Hood was again taking cakes to the old grandmother, another wolf spoke to her, and tried to entice her from the path. Red Riding Hood, however, was on her guard, and went straight forward on her way, and told her grandmother that she had met the wolf, and that he had said 'good morning' to her, but with such a wicked look in his eyes, that if they had not been on the public road she was certain he would have eaten her up.
< 4 >
'Well,' said the grandmother, 'we will shut the door, so that he can not come in.'
Soon afterwards the wolf knocked, and cried: 'Open the door, grandmother, I am Little Red Riding Hood, and am bringing you some cakes.'
But they did not speak, or open the door, so the grey-beard stole twice or thrice round the house, and at last jumped on the roof, intending to wait until Red Riding Hood went home in the evening, and then to steal after her and devour her in the darkness. But the grandmother saw what was in his thoughts.
In front of the house was a great stone trough, so she said to the child: 'Take the pail, Red Riding Hood; I made some sausages yesterday, so carry the water in which I boiled them to the trough.'
Red Riding Hood carried until the great trough was quite full. Then the smell of the sausages reached the wolf, and he sniffed and peeped down, and at last stretched out his neck so far that he could no longer keep his footing and began to slip, and slipped down from the roof straight into the great trough, and was drowned. But Red Riding Hood went joyously home, and no one ever did anything to harm her again.
One Friday morning, a teacher came up with a novel way to motivate her class. She told them that she would read a quote and the first student to correctly identify who said it would receive the rest of the day off.
She started with "This was England's finest hour."
Little Suzy instantly jumped up and said, "Winston Churchill."
"Congratulations!" Said the teacher, "You may go home."
The teacher then said, "Ask not what your country can do for you."
Before she could finish this quote, another young lady belts out, "John F.Kennedy".
"Very good," says the teacher, "you may go."
Irritated that he has missed two golden opportunities, Little Johnny said,"I wish those girls would just shut up."
Upon overhearing this comment, the outraged teacher demanded to know who said it.
Johnny instantly rose to his feet and said,"Bill Clinton. I'll see you Monday."
最后送你一网址：http://www.soenglish.com.cn/list.php?cid=0140
啊，对了，如果你要有声的英语的话，我知道的。
你可以在这个网站里找——千源网
http://www.so138.com/
不过，他唯一的缺点是——必须下载的。
At last , good lucky to you.
不要忘记我的哦
http://hexun.com/kay15/default.html
http://blog.tom.com/blog/index.php?username=kay815
⑶ 有关中短篇小说投稿问题
投稿首先要了解投稿的要求，在每辑《最小说》的最后一页都有详细说明——《青春祭》字数要求在3000-8000字之间。所以字数未满这个要求，如只有1000字左右或寥寥几行的，是不会过初审的。 而有些稿件字数在15000字以上，也是不符合投稿篇幅要求的。 另外有些行文格式，十来个字为一行，每一行一个换行，此类的稿件也不符合投稿要求。 所以在投稿前请先检查一下文章的字数与格式。 2.可能会有一些稿件由于网络的原因发送失败，没有收到，或是对方没有收到回复的情况。这时会有读者发邮件来询问“我的那篇稿子怎么样？”，但收到这封询问的邮件的同时我们还是没能收到你的文章
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小小说投稿邮箱
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⑷ 谁有鲁迅的文章
阿长与山海经
·鲁迅·
长妈妈，已经说过，是一个一向带领着我的女工，说得阔气一点，就是我的保姆。我的
母亲和许多别的人都这样称呼她，似乎略带些客气的意思。只有祖母叫她阿长。我平时叫她
“阿妈”，连“长”字也不带；但到憎恶她的时候，——例如知道了谋死我那隐鼠的却是她
的时候，就叫她阿长。
我们那里没有姓长的；她生得黄胖而矮，“长”也不是形容词。又不是她的名字，记得
她自己说过，她的名字是叫作什么姑娘的。什么姑娘，我现在已经忘却了，总之不是长姑
娘；也终于不知道她姓什么。记得她也曾告诉过我这个名称的来历：先前的先前，我家有一
个女工，身材生得很高大，这就是真阿长。后来她回去了，我那什么姑娘才来补她的缺，然
而大家因为叫惯了，没有再改口，于是她从此也就成为长妈妈了。
虽然背地里说人长短不是好事情，但倘使要我说句真心话，我可只得说：我实在不大佩
服她。最讨厌的是常喜欢切切察察，向人们低声絮说些什么事。还竖起第二个手指，在空中
上下摇动，或者点着对手或自己的鼻尖。我的家里一有些小风波，不知怎的我总疑心和这
“切切察察”有些关系。又不许我走动，拔一株草，翻一块石头，就说我顽皮，要告诉我的
母亲去了。一到夏天，睡觉时她又伸开两脚两手，在床中间摆成一个“大”字，挤得我没有
余地翻身，久睡在一角的席子上，又已经烤得那么热。推她呢，不动；叫她呢，也不闻。
“长妈妈生得那么胖，一定很怕热罢？晚上的睡相，怕不见得很好罢？……”
母亲听到我多回诉苦之后，曾经这样地问过她。我也知道这意思是要她多给我一些空
席。她不开口。但到夜里，我热得醒来的时候，却仍然看见满床摆着一个“大”字，一条臂
膊还搁在我的颈子上。我想，这实在是无法可想了。
但是她懂得许多规矩；这些规矩，也大概是我所不耐烦的。一年中最高兴的时节，自然
要数除夕了。辞岁之后，从长辈得到压岁钱，红纸包着，放在枕边，只要过一宵，便可以随
意使用。睡在枕上，看着红包，想到明天买来的小鼓、刀枪、泥人、糖菩萨……。然而她进
来，又将一个福橘放在床头了。
“哥儿，你牢牢记住！”她极其郑重地说。“明天是正月初一，清早一睁开眼睛，第一
句话就得对我说：‘阿妈，恭喜恭喜！’记得么？你要记着，这是一年的运气的事情。不许
说别的话！说过之后，还得吃一点福橘。”她又拿起那橘子来在我的眼前摇了两摇，“那
么，一年到头，顺顺流流……。”
梦里也记得元旦的，第二天醒得特别早，一醒，就要坐起来。她却立刻伸出臂膊，一把
将我按住。我惊异地看她时，只见她惶急地看着我。
她又有所要求似的，摇着我的肩。我忽而记得了——
“阿妈，恭喜……。”
恭喜恭喜！大家恭喜！真聪明！恭喜恭喜！”她于是十分欢喜似的，笑将起来，同时将
一点冰冷的东西，塞在我的嘴里。我大吃一惊之后，也就忽而记得，这就是所谓福橘，元旦
辟头的磨难，总算已经受完，可以下床玩耍去了。
她教给我的道理还很多，例如说人死了，不该说死掉，必须说“老掉了”；死了人，生
了孩子的屋子里，不应该走进去；饭粒落在地上，必须拣起来，最好是吃下去；晒裤子用的
竹竿底下，是万不可钻过去的……。此外，现在大抵忘却了，只有元旦的古怪仪式记得最清
楚。总之：都是些烦琐之至，至今想起来还觉得非常麻烦的事情。
然而我有一时也对她发生过空前的敬意。她常常对我讲“长毛”。她之所谓“长毛”
者，不但洪秀全军，似乎连后来一切土匪强盗都在内，但除却革命党，因为那时还没有。她
说得长毛非常可怕，他们的话就听不懂。她说先前长毛进城的时候，我家全都逃到海边去
了，只留一个门房和年老的煮饭老妈子看家。后来长毛果然进门来了，那老妈子便叫他们
“大王”，——据说对长毛就应该这样叫，——诉说自己的饥饿。长毛笑道：“那么，这东
西就给你吃了罢！”将一个圆圆的东西掷了过来，还带着一条小辫子，正是那门房的头。煮
饭老妈子从此就骇破了胆，后来一提起，还是立刻面如土色，自己轻轻地拍着胸埔道：“阿
呀，骇死我了，骇死我了……。”
我那时似乎倒并不怕，因为我觉得这些事和我毫不相干的，我不是一个门房。但她大概
也即觉到了，说道：“象你似的小孩子，长毛也要掳的，掳去做小长毛。还有好看的姑娘，
也要掳。”
“那么，你是不要紧的。”我以为她一定最安全了，既不做门房，又不是小孩子，也生
得不好看，况且颈子上还有许多炙疮疤。
“那里的话？！”她严肃地说。“我们就没有用处？我们也要被掳去。城外有兵来攻的
时候，长毛就叫我们脱下裤子，一排一排地站在城墙上，外面的大炮就放不出来；再要放，
就炸了！”
这实在是出于我意想之外的，不能不惊异。我一向只以为她满肚子是麻烦的礼节罢了，
却不料她还有这样伟大的神力。从此对于她就有了特别的敬意，似乎实在深不可测；夜间的
伸开手脚，占领全床，那当然是情有可原的了，倒应该我退让。
这种敬意，虽然也逐渐淡薄起来，但完全消失，大概是在知道她谋害了我的隐鼠之后。
那时就极严重地诘问，而且当面叫她阿长。我想我又不真做小长毛，不去攻城，也不放炮，
更不怕炮炸，我惧惮她什么呢！
但当我哀悼隐鼠，给它复仇的时候，一面又在渴慕着绘图的《山海经》了。这渴慕是从
一个远房的叔祖惹起来的。他是一个胖胖的，和蔼的老人，爱种一点花木，如珠兰、茉莉之
类，还有极其少见的，据说从北边带回去的马缨花。他的太太却正相反，什么也莫名其妙，
曾将晒衣服的竹竿搁在珠兰的枝条上，枝折了，还要愤愤地咒骂道：“死尸！”这老人是个
寂寞者，因为无人可谈，就很爱和孩子们往来，有时简直称我们为“小友”。在我们聚族而
居的宅子里，只有他书多，而且特别。制艺和试帖诗，自然也是有的；但我却只在他的书斋
里，看见过陆玑的《毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏》，还有许多名目很生的书籍。我那时最爱看的是
《花镜》，上面有许多图。他说给我听，曾经有过一部绘图的《山海经》，画着人面的兽，
九头的蛇，三脚的鸟，生着翅膀的人，没有头而以两乳当作眼睛的怪物，……可惜现在不知
道放在那里了。
很愿意看看这样的图画，但不好意思力逼他去寻找，他是很疏懒的。问别人呢，谁也不
肯真实地回答我。压岁钱还有几百文，买罢，又没有好机会。有书买的大街离我家远得很，
我一年中只能在正月间去玩一趟，那时候，两家书店都紧紧地关着门。
玩的时候倒是没有什么的，但一坐下，我就记得绘图的《山海经》。
大概是太过于念念不忘了，连阿长也来问《山海经》是怎么一回事。这是我向来没有和
她说过的，我知道她并非学者，说了也无益；但既然来问，也就都对她说了。
过了十多天，或者一个月罢，我还记得，是她告假回家以后的四五天，她穿着新的蓝布
衫回来了，一见面，就将一包书递给我，高兴地说道：——“哥儿，有画儿的‘三哼经’，
我给你买来了！”
我似乎遇着了一个霹雳，全体都震悚起来；赶紧去接过来，打开纸包，是四本小小的
书，略略一翻，人面的兽，九头的蛇，……果然都在内。
又使我发生新的敬意了，别人不肯做，或不能做的事，她却能够做成功。她确有伟大的
神力。谋害隐鼠的怨恨，从此完全消灭了。
这四本书，乃是我最初得到，最为心爱的宝书。
书的模样，到现在还在眼前。可是从还在眼前的模样来说，却是一部刻印都十分粗拙的
本子。纸张很黄；图象也很坏，甚至于几乎全用直线凑合，连动物的眼睛也都是长方形的。
但那是我最为心爱的宝书，看起来，确是人面的兽；九头的蛇；一脚的牛；袋子似的帝江；
没有头而“以乳为目，以脐为口”，还要“执干戚而舞”的刑天。
此后我就更其搜集绘图的书，于是有了石印的《尔雅音图》和《毛诗品物图考》，又有
了《点石斋丛画》和《诗画舫》。《山海经》也另买了一部石印的，每卷都有图赞，绿色的
画，字是红的，比那木刻的精致得多了。这一部直到前年还在，是缩印的郝懿行疏。木刻的
却已经记不清是什么时候失掉了。
我的保姆，长妈妈即阿长，辞了这人世，大概也有了三十年了罢。我终于不知道她的姓
名，她的经历；仅知道有一个过继的儿子，她大约是青年守寡的孤孀。
仁厚黑暗的地母呵，愿在你怀里永安她的魂灵！
五猖会
·鲁迅·
孩子们所盼望的，过年过节之外，大概要数迎神赛会的时候了。但我家的所在很偏僻，
待到赛会的行列经过时，一定已在下午，仪仗之类，也减而又减，所剩的极其寥寥。往往伸
着颈子等候多时，却只见十几个人抬着一个金脸或蓝脸红脸的神像匆匆地跑过去。于是，完
了。
我常存着这样的一个希望：这一次所见的赛会，比前一次繁盛些。可是结果总是一个
“差不多”；也总是只留下一个纪念品，就是当神像还未抬过之前，化一文钱买下的，用一
点烂泥，一点颜色纸，一枝竹签和两三枝鸡毛所做的，吹起来会发出一种刺耳的声音的哨
子，叫作“吹都都”的，吡吡地吹它两三天。
现在看看《陶庵梦忆》，觉得那时的赛会，真是豪奢极了，虽然明人的文章，怕难免有
些夸大。因为祷雨而迎龙王，现在也还有的，但办法却已经很简单，不过是十多人盘旋着一
条龙，以及村童们扮些海鬼。那时却还要扮故事，而且实在奇拔得可观。他记扮《水浒传》
中人物云：“……于是分头四出，寻黑矮汉，寻梢长大汉，寻头陀，寻胖大和尚，寻茁壮妇
人，寻姣长妇人，寻青面，寻歪头，寻赤须，寻美髯，寻黑大汉，寻赤脸长须。大索城中；
无，则之郭，之村，之山僻，之邻府州县。用重价聘之，得三十六人，梁山泊好汉，个个呵
活，臻臻至至，人马称〖女足〗而行……”这样的白描的活古人，谁能不动一看的雅兴呢？
可惜这种盛举，早已和明社一同消灭了。
赛会虽然不象现在上海的旗袍，北京的谈国事，为当局所禁止，然而妇孺们是不许看
的，读书人即所谓士子，也大抵不肯赶去看。只有游手好闲的闲人，这才跑到庙前或衙门前
去看热闹；我关于赛会的知识，多半是从他们的叙述上得来的，并非考据家所贵重的“眼
学”。然而记得有一回，也亲见过较盛的赛会。开首是一个孩子骑马先来，称为“塘报”；
过了许久，“高照”到了，长竹竿揭起一条很长的旗，一个汗流浃背的胖大汉用两手托着；
他高兴的时候，就肯将竿头放在头顶或牙齿上，甚而至于鼻尖。其次是所谓“高跷”、“抬
阁”、“马头”了；还有扮犯人的，红衣枷锁，内中也有孩子。我那时觉得这些都是有光荣
的事业，与闻其事的即全是大有运气的人，——大概羡慕他们的出风头罢。我想，我为什么
不生一场重病，使我的母亲也好到庙里去许下一个“扮犯人”的心愿的呢？……然而我到现
在终于没有和赛会发生关系过。
要到东关看五猖会去了。这是我儿时所罕逢的一件盛事，因为那会是全县中最盛的会，
东关又是离我家很远的地方，出城还有六十多里水路，在那里有两座特别的庙。一是梅姑
庙，就是《聊斋志异》所记，室女守节，死后成神，却篡取别人的丈夫的；现在神座上确塑
着一对少年男女，眉开眼笑，殊与“礼教”有妨。其一便是五猖庙了，名目就奇特。据有考
据癖的人说：这就是五通神。然而也并无确据。神像是五个男人，也不见有什么猖獗之状；
后面列坐着五位太太，却并不“分坐”，远不及北京戏园里界限之谨严。其实呢，这也是殊
与“礼教”有妨的，——但他们既然是五猖，便也无法可想，而且自然也就“又作别论”
了。
因为东关离城远，大清早大家就起来。昨夜预定好的三道明瓦窗的大船，已经泊在河埠
头，船椅、饭菜、茶炊、点心盒子，都在陆续搬下去了。我笑着跳着，催他们要搬得快。忽
然，工人的脸色很谨肃了，我知道有些蹊跷，四面一看，父亲就站在我背后。
“去拿你的书来。”他慢慢地说。
这所谓“书”，是指我开蒙时候所读的《鉴略》。因为我再没有第二本了。我们那里上
学的岁数是多拣单数的，所以这使我记住我其时是七岁。
我忐忑着，拿了书来了。他使我同坐在堂中央的桌子前，教我一句一句地读下去。我担
着心，一句一句地读下去。
两句一行，大约读了二三十行罢，他说：——
“给我读熟。背不出，就不准去看会。”
他说完，便站起来，走进房里去了。
我似乎从头上浇了一盆冷水。但是，有什么法子呢？自然是读着，读着，强记着，——
而且要背出来。
粤有盘古，生于太荒，
首出御世，肇开混茫。
就是这样的书，我现在只记得前四句，别的都忘却了；那时所强记的二三十行，自然也
一齐忘却在里面了。记得那时听人说，读《鉴略》比读《千字文》、《百家姓》有用得多，
因为可以知道从古到今的大概。知道从古到今的大概，那当然是很好的，然而我一字也不
懂。“粤自盘古”就是“粤自盘古”，读下去，记住它，“粤自盘古”呵！“生于太荒”
呵！……
应用的物件已经搬完，家中由忙乱转成静肃了。朝阳照着西墙，天气很清朗。母亲、工
人、长妈妈即阿长，都无法营救，只默默地静候着我读熟，而且背出来。在百静中，我似乎
头里要伸出许多铁钳，将什么“生于太荒”之流夹住；也听到自己急急诵读的声音发着抖，
仿佛深秋的蟋蟀，在夜中鸣叫似的。
他们都等候着；太阳也升得更高了。
我忽然似乎已经很有把握，便即站了起来，拿书走进父亲的书房，一气背将下去，梦似
的就背完了。
“不错。去罢。”父亲点着头，说。
大家同时活动起来，脸上都露出笑容，向河埠走去。工人将我高高地抱起，仿佛在祝贺
我的成功一般，快步走在最前头。
我却并没有他们那么高兴。开船以后，水路中的风景，盒子里的点心，以及到了东关的
五猖会的热闹，对于我似乎都没有什么大意思。
直到现在，别的完全忘却，不留一点痕迹了，只有背诵《鉴略》这一段，却还分明如昨
日事。
我至今一想起，还诧异我的父亲何以要在那时候叫我来背书。
够了吧？
⑸ 最恐怖10短篇鬼故事
最恐怖10短篇鬼 故事 左手的手环
在风雨交加台风夜里的某个医院中… 电击……注射1cc强心剂……一段时间后，手术台上的病人宣告不治。 当时已接近午夜，焦头烂额的外科医师正要从五楼坐电梯回家，正当他走进电梯，转身按完电梯按钮，电梯门要关起来的时候，远方一个护士急急忙忙的跑了过来，医生连忙把电梯门再按开，让那位护士进来。 护士进电梯后，说了声：谢～～谢～～ 电梯往下走，三楼、二楼…一楼到了，但是电梯没有停下来，又一直往下去…B1…B2… 医生正觉得纳闷，什么时候医院多了地下三楼?到了B4的时候，电梯门突然打了开来，门外站着一个男子要搭电梯，医生看了他一眼，就直接把电梯门关起来，让电梯继续上升。 这时，那位护士狐疑的问医生：「你为什么不让他进来呢?」 医生说：「亏你是LUN夜班的护士，你没看到他手上戴着的手环吗?那是只有送进太平间的尸体才会戴 的『尸环』啊!」 这时，护士举起了她的左手，看着医生说:『你说的是这个吗?』 电梯内沉默了…海河浮尸 海河横穿市区，每年都能捞起很多具尸体。九十年代末的一天，又捞起一尸，双目圆睁，腹涨如鼓。死者亲友，前来认领，正挪动尸体准备装车，尸体口中喷出一口黄水，正中死者弟弟面部，腥臭不可闻。 后警方发现死者颈部有勒痕，进而侦破，凶手正是其弟。
最恐怖10短篇 鬼故事 布娃娃
河西区龙江里的一个女青年娜娜收拾房间时，看到柜子里的一个布娃娃已经很旧了。于是随垃圾一起扔进垃圾道。
晚上睡觉的时候，梦见一个女孩走近她的床，忽然伸出双手来掐她的喉咙。就在娜娜感觉自己快要不行了的时候，掐她喉咙的双手，渐渐松开了，一颗眼泪滴落在娜娜脸上，“为什么要抛弃我!”那女孩含泪说道。 娜娜惊醒，打开灯，身边躺着那个被扔掉的旧娃娃。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 母子
据说，在老城里新安一侧，有一座老院子，好多年了!住在里面的人经常 传说 里面不干净，有一年一个外地留天津的师范 毕业 女生被分配到了中山中学，就住在这个大院里，一年夏天，她晚上出来收衣服，女教师在雨中看见一对母子，母亲跪下为孩子擦脸，教师想把雨伞拿给母子，但走近一看，竟见那对母子眼耳口鼻不断流出泥沙。
听说那里在一百年前，那里曾有被家人认为“不贞”而抱着孩子跳井的一对母子!
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 纸灰
天津人有夜晚在十字路口，给逝去的亲人烧纸钱的习俗。一人行路时，无意间将痰吐到一堆尚未完全熄灭的纸灰上，忽然地上的纸灰纷纷飞起，直扑此人的口鼻，直到堵死，此人窒息而死。 还有一人右脚踩在一堆纸灰上，鞋子仿佛被沾住一一样，动弹不得，无奈只得将脚拔出，弃鞋落荒而逃。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 接发
她本是短发，新交的男友却说喜欢长发的女生，那样子有女人味。于是她去了发廊接发，将短发续到披肩。，每天里，她总觉得有个人在她耳边喃喃细语，日以继夜，喋喋不休。
某天她终于受不了，一把将头发剪断。男友抓了狂一般地夺过剪刀，一把刺入她的胸口。伤好后，她去发廊，却发现它关了，因为用死人的头发替人接发，被告发了。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 敲门
他搬了新家，经常在卧室里听到外面有敲门声。将所有的门打开都不见有人。怪异之。于是在家里布置了数个摄像头。
录下的内容让他倒抽了一口寒气：只见卧室的门楣上挂了一具尸体。当有风吹过时，死者的脚便踢在门上。一下，两下，似是敲门……
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 苍蝇
几人在野外露营。有个老人戴着个斗笠，阴沉着脸走了过来，摸了下帐篷，一声不吭地离去。他们感到奇怪，却又不明所以。忽然间，大堆大堆的红头苍蝇飞来。他们不得已，躲进帐篷中。密密的苍蝇竟然生生将帐篷压倒!
他们被迫取消露营。下山与村民说起此事，村民惊呼道：那红头苍蝇是附在死人身上的，定然是你们的露营选在某刚死不久的人坟上!当地死者是不立坟，挖个坑埋了即是。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 吊扇
他一直都特别害怕学校食堂里的吊扇，总怀疑它随时都可能掉下来，将人的脑袋劈掉。每次他都远离它。是日，他在吃饭，忽然一阵巨响，紧接着他看到饭盆里多了一颗血淋淋的脑袋。他吓得肝胆欲裂。吊扇真的掉了下来，将他邻座的同学“斩首”掉。他跌跌撞撞地起身呕吐。又一个吊扇落下。这次他食道里泛上来的，只有血。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 跳崖
某山后面有段悬崖，常年云雾缭绕，不时有人从上跳下自杀，怪异的是极少找到尸体，有传说失踪者乃羽化、成仙去了。于是自杀者更众。某人不信，怀疑是尸体挂在悬崖峭壁树上，于是手持DV，让人用绳子吊着自己下崖寻找。绳索下坠至一半，突然一轻。上面人将绳索拉上，发现某人已不见。
后在崖底捡到摔坏的DV，取出内存卡接电脑观看，发现最后一幕是：一条大蛇从崖壁的一个大洞中飞快地探出头，一口将某人吞入腹中。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 猫眼
某人养有一只黑猫，素有一癖：有人自楼梯经过时，它便跑至铁门，扒着门口朝外望，不时叫上两声。他近段时间熬夜，每每临午夜十二点时黑猫便跑至铁门口，躁动不安，全身毛发竖起，如临大敌，然而他并未闻见有脚步声。
数次之后，他某夜好奇地拉开铁门，黑猫即冲出门外，低叫不知。他看见一道白色身影“飘”向楼上。一股寒意自脚底升起。隔日，楼上的女邻居无故跳楼自杀，双腿摔断。黑猫遂恢复正常。有人说，是黑猫替他挡住了“煞”。
⑹ 求虐文，虐心的小说，越虐越好，要古代的，不要虐身，不要毁容，出轨，为女配虐女主的小说
毁了孩子是
复仇者监狱虐待，虐待儿童，儿童
爱
晚上与大家见面的协奏曲只有结合
紫故宫
我喜欢你的孩子，我在结束
黑社会爱
8月茉莉
地狱的滥用
疯狂的游戏
神的右翼<BR /神玉
肮脏的黑色
枫无限
活着就是恶心
晚春城更好的生活一点点
边境省（孩子身体上和精神上的）
感冒药的孩子（孩子身上，调谐）
“边境省”
玩具的秘密
玩具的野心
滥用的爱小牧师
震荡爱小神父
玩物家庭
欲望波斯
苍白的玫瑰
午夜向日葵“细则伯爵
”拒绝放弃，直到所有的希望都没有了“琉球金簪（开销，有孩子）
”不能移动（经典）
“风巷三分之一的自白+番外_求婚者的“_by_the byone_（现代+孩子的心+ HE）
”胜加的夫 - 富裕较暗的情况下“by_锐嘉（现代微滥用的低自尊）
致敬（一本书）+特别节目“_by：_的蓝色制动（由低自尊）
”一般的鬼节“鑫家坟（的自卑心理虐待） / a>
“凌文”的
“欺骗妖123（子）的Linlun。
结束的世界（古代的孩子是沉）
黑头发雪个月的“棋子”穿环（古自卑）
的“囚鸟_by_atheana孩子文字
”我爱狼“_by Linlun（孩子身体的孩子的心+ HE结果）。
/>最后的华尔兹“孩子身体和精神。 “一个甜蜜的猫（双胞胎）”绿色神秘的“因噎废食”向袁爱（孩子
kawalu（儿童心脏）的“心脏）
”飞行优异十字勋章“坏“花钱（儿童心脏）
”独立“的小摩擦孩子（孩子的心+ HE）
”报复“BY：红色十月”（儿童心，结果不喜欢）
“我真的很为你而哭泣”儿童心脏
“清风超过BY_Kaaa_（滥用的心）
“我的”江湖小混混楠梓（坚强的孩子，我孩子从一开始就听到??尾汗）
是太好吃吗？----从玉
征服神奇兄弟
>章鱼----黑暗下品
不同----大雪纷飞的夜晚空腹
触须处，妖兽都市（未完成）
无限的触角邪神的宠物杂草壮阳植物交叉的
噩梦的迷宫
降魔师的风
拜树疯狂千灵
----沙雾
混乱混乱的街区 - - 一壶浊酒我做的还
狂浪----太阳和月亮的清鸣
触角伸向生活----处女上涨
浪顶部
深处的触角----黑暗下品
⑺ 跪求对海明威的作品《白象似的群山》赏析
《白象似的群山》是篇极短的短篇小说，没有任何冗长的心理及场面的描叙，几乎全篇都是对话。作者的技巧就在于以日常的对话形式来揭示不同人物心理面貌。在《白象似的群山》这篇小说里，海明威就是运用了新颖、有效的对话技巧来透视人物的心理活动和塑造人物性格的。
整篇几乎由简单对话和描写堆砌的小说，在结尾却用了相对较长的篇幅来描写美国男子的动作和内心活动。他拎起两只沉重的、象征着巨大负担的旅行包，带着压抑焦虑的心情打量着那些气定神闲候车的旅客。此处对男子和其他旅客心态的描写形成了强烈的对比。
其中，海明威写到男子一眼望去看不到有任何火车来，体现了作者想要借此描写来特别强调直到最后美国男子也没能找出解决办法的迷惘和绝望的精神状态。同时，也预示着男子和女孩面临严峻的精神生态危机和他们的悲剧性结局。
(7)lun短篇小说扩展阅读：
《白象似的群山》中海明威对两位主人公精神世界的关注，在很大程度上揭示了美国社会所存在的精神问题，即身处一个失去了信仰的世界，人们不知不觉陷入了精神的荒原。故事最终也没有明确的结局，很有可能海明威自身也是困惑和迷惘的。
但是海明威却在小说中始终保持着对社会上人们精神生态的思考。作者对工业文明给人类精神生态所造成的破坏行径进行了揭露，警示现代人的精神生态状况已经面临困境的同时。
海明威试图唤起人们内心深处的共鸣，激发人们对生活真谛、生活意义的思索，促使人们对内心精神生态平衡的关注，从而呼唤人们必须重新审视和思考自己的思想信仰，最终解决精神生态上所出现的危机。
⑻ 任何一篇英美短篇小说的英语论文
《呼啸山庄》人物关系结构
Title：
Catherine's dilemma between love and marriage in Wuthering Heights
——The Psychoanalysis of love triangle relationship with Freud’s theory of personality
Abstract：
Wuthering Heights tells a story of superhuman love and revenge enacted on the English moors. In this thesis, an attempt is made to analyze the love triangle relationship which leads to Catherine's dilemma between love and marriage in Wuthering Heights by virtue of Freud’s theory of personality.
Key words：
Wuthering Heights Freud’s theory of personality love triangle relationship
In Catherine's heart she knows what is right, but chooses what is wrong. It is her wrong decision that pushes her into the inextricable [LunWenJia.Com]dilemma between her love and marriage; it is her wrong choice that plunges the two families into chaos. In the mind, she is truly out of her way.
According to Sigmund Freud(1856—1939), the structure of the mind or personality consists three portions: the id, the ego, and the superego.“The id, which is the reservoir of biological impulses, constitutes the entire personality of the infant at birth. Its principle of operation, to guard the person from painful tension, is termed the pleasure principle. Inevitable frustrations of the id, together with what the child learns from his encounters with external reality, generate the ego, which is essentially a mechanism to minimize frustrations of the biological drives in the long run. It operates according to the reality principle … [LunWenNet.Com]The superego comprises the conscience, a partly conscious system of introjected moral inhibitions, and the ego-ideal, the source of the indivial's standards for his own behavior. Like external reality, from which it derives, the superego often presents obstacles to the satisfaction of biological drives.”“In the mentally healthy person, these three systems form a unified and harmon
ious organization. Conversely, when the three systems of personality are at odds with one another the person is said to be maladjusted.” Here Catherine's tragic psychological process may be well illustrated by Freudian psychoanalysis.
“I cannot express it; but surely you and everybody have a notion that there is, or should be, an existence of yours beyond you. What were the use of my creation, if I were entirely contained here？” Catherine's strange words reflect that the intelligent Emily Bronte had been earlier pondering over a same question in her work. What on earth is“the existence of Catherine's beyond Catherine”？
Here we may believe that Heathcliff stands for Catherine's instinctual nature and the strongest desire—her “id” in the depths of her soul; Edgar, her ideal “superego”, represents another part of her personality: the well-bred gracefulness and the superiority of a wealthy family; and she, herself is the “ego” tortured by the friction between the two in the disharmonious situation.
In the light of Freud's theory of personality, “the superego is the representation in the personality of the traditional values and ideals of society as they are handed down from parents to children.” Catherine's choice of Edgar as her husband is to satisfy her ideal “superego” to get wealth and high social position, which are the symbol of her class, on the basis of the ecation by her family and reality from her early childhood. She is a Miss of a noble family with a long history of about three hundred years. Only the marriage well-matched in social and economic status could be a satisfaction for all: her family, the society and even her practical self. “It would degrade me to many Heathcliff now ... if Heathcliff and I married, we should be beggars？” This is her actual worry for her future. Catherine yields to the pressure from her brother, and alike, in truth, she is yielding to the moral rules of society, without the approval and identification of which, she could not live a better life or even exist i
n it at all.
However, Catherine underestimates what her other more intrinsic self would have effect on her. The most remarkable claim by Catherine herself may be the best convincing evidence to distinguish the different roles of Heathcliff and Edgar—her “id” and her “superego”:
“My great miseries in this world have been Heathcliff's miseries, and I watched and felt each from the beginning: my great thought in living is himself. If all else perished, and he remained, I should still continue to be; and if all else perished, and he was annihilated, the universe would turn to a mighty stranger: I should not seem a part of it. My love for Linton is like foliage in the woods: time will change it. I'm well aware, as winter changes the trees. My love for Heathcliff resembles the eternal rocks beneath: a source of little visible delight, but necessary. Nelly, I'm Heathcliff! He's always, always in my mind: not as a pleasure and more than I am always a pleasure to me, but as my own being. So don't talk of our separation again: it is impracticable.”
It was a happy thought to make her love the kind, wealthy, weak, elegant Edgar, yet in submission to her superego to oppose against her id, she would fall into a loss of the self. Since the id is the most primitive basis of personality, and the ego is formed out of the id, Catherine's life depends wholly on Heathcliff， as the whole connotation and truth of her life in the cosmic world, for its existence and further more for the significance of her existence. Heathcliff is the most necessary part of her being. She marries Edgar, but Heathcliff still clutches her soul in his passionate embrace. Although she is a bit ashamed of her early playmate, she loves him with a passionate abandonment that sets culture, ecation, the world at defiance. Catherine's wrong choice for marriage violates her inner desires. The choice is a victory for self-inlgence—a sacrifice of primary to secondary things. And she pays for it.
On one hand, Catherine doesn't find the heavenly happiness she was longing for. Though as a girl “full of ambition”and “to be the greatest woman of the neighborhood” would be her pride, the enviable marriage could only flatter her vanity for a second. After her marriage, the comfortable and peaceful life in the Grange was just a monotonous and lifeless confinement of her soul. She feels chocked by the artificial and unnatural conditions in the closed Thrushcross Grange— a world in which the mind has hardened and become unalterable.“If I were in heaven, Nelly, I should be extremely miserable. ” Catherine eventually knows that the Lintons' heaven is not her ideal heaven. She and Heathcliff really possess their common heaven. Just as Catherine says,“Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same; and Linton's is as different as a moonbeam from lightning, or frost from fire.”
Catherine doesn't want to live in the Lintons' heaven; on the other hand, she has lost her own paradise that she ever had with Heathcliff on the bare hard moor in their childhood. The deepest bent of her nature announces her destiny—a wanderer between the two worlds. When she is alive, she occupies a position midway between the two. She belongs in a sense to both and is constantly drawn first in Heathcliff's direction, then in Edgar's, and then in Heathcliff's again and at last she loses herself completely. Her childish illusion to use her husband's money to aid Heatllcliff to rise out of her brother's power has vanished in thin air. And her constant struggle to reconcile two irreconcilable ways of life is in vain too, which only caused more disorder in the two worlds and in herself as well.
In Freudian principles, should the ego continually fail in its task of satisfying the demands of the id, these three factors together—the painful repression of the id's instinctual desires, the guilt conscience of revolt against the superego's wishes, and the frustration of failure in finding outlets in the external world- would contribute to ever-increasing anxiety. The anxiety piles up and finally overwhelms the person. When this happens, the person is said to leave hallucinatory wish-fulfillment, then a nervous radical breakdown, and in the end may finish the person off. Catherine is destroyed into psychic fragmentation by the friction between the two. At the height of her Edgan-Heathcliff torment, Catherine lies delirious on the floor at the Grange. She dreams that she is back in her own old bed at Wuthering Heights “enclosed in the oak-paneled bed at home, and my heart ached with some great grief…my misery arose from the separation that Hindley had ordered between me and Heathcliff.”Still dreaming, she t
ries to push back the panels of the oak bed, only to find herself touching the table and the carpet at the Grange:“My late anguish was swallowed in a paroxysm of despair. I cannot say why I was so wildly wretched ... and my all in all, as Heathcliff was at that time, and been converted at a stroke into Mrs. Linton...the wife of a stranger: an exile, and outcast.” She attempts to forget the lengthy days of years of life without her soul even in her temporary derangement.“Most strangely, the whole last seven years of my life grew a blank! I did not recall that they had been at all.” Her mental and physical decay rapidly leads to the body's mortal end. She dies and seems to have none into perfect peace.
But even after her death, she is still a wandering ghost. In Chapter 3, Lockwood, the lodger in Catherine's oak-paneled bed at Wuthering Heights dreams about the little wailing ghost:
“The intense horror of nightmare came over me: I tried to draw back my arm, but the hand clung to it, and a most melancholy voice sobbed, ‘Let me in-Let me in’.‘ Who are you?’…‘Catherine Linton’, it replied, shiveringly…‘I'm come home: I'd lost my way on the moor!’…Terror made me cruel; and finding it useless to attempt shaking the creature off, I pulled its wrist on to the broken pane, and rubbed it to and fro till then blood ran down and soaked the bedclothes: still it wailed, ‘Let me in!’…it is twenty years, twenty years. I've been a waif for twenty years!”
Catherine aspires to be back in her heaven even being a spirit. But leer self-deceptive decision has made her fall from her and Heathcliff's heaven full of demonic love and her never docile or submissive nature has drawn her out of her and Edgar's heaven filled with civilized emptiness in the meantime. She pushes herself into her tragedy, the endless dilemma between her love and marriage, which won't end up with her death.
Bibliography：
1.Bronte Emily，Wuthering Heights，Beijing：Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press，London：Oxford University Press 1995
2.Freud Sigmund，Interpretation of Dreams，Beijing：Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 2001
3.Travis Trysh，Heathcliff and Cathy，the Dysfunctional Couple，The Chronicle of Higher Ecation，Washington，2001
4.Steinitz Rebecca，Diaries and Displacement in Wuthering Heights，Studies in the Novel，Denton，2000
http://www.lunwennet.com/thesis/List_21.html 里面有你需要的英语论文，我载老一篇，不合适切看下嘛，呵呵！！！
⑼ 莫泊桑短篇小说中法对照
Un fils
C'est Morin porc
Maison Dai printemps Liye
Bijoux
L'histoire d'un travailleur agricole
Mlle Fifi
Famille
Terreur
Little Rock
Rappel
Introction colonel
Long Duoli soeur
Les crimes dits Boniface Combs
Amabule Combs
第二 19
Tic
Peur
Patrimoine
Inutile de beauté
Un homme Norman
Clair de lune
Du père de Simon
Pique-nique
Tai prostituées liai Musée
Paul femme
L'opinion publique
Printemps
Hibbert
Deux amis
Puppy Piero
Un fils
Moran ne sanglier
Dans une nuit de printemps
Une corde
Tour