英語短篇小說答案
❶ 求下列英語短篇小說譯文，最好附帶簡要的character、theme、setting等基本要素分析，謝謝~
1、游戲的漁獲量 2、前七年（第一個七年） 3、來自於羅得西亞的火車
那個「A&P」也是嗎？我幾年沒碰英語了！
character、theme、setting分別是：性格，主題，設置
❷ 求英語小短文，要有中文翻譯，帶英文和中文題意解析，有中心思想。
求英語小短文，要有中文翻譯，帶英文和中文題意解析，有中心思想。
1.Spring，weet spring is the season's new king.Plants begin flowering.Girls dance in a ring.Cold does not sting and pretty birds sing.It's a wonderful season.It's getting warm and warm.Flowers begin to open.Birds begin to sing.It's often rainy,people like flying kites.
春天，甜蜜的春天是季節的新國王。植物開始開花了。女孩們跳起了舞。寒風不再刺骨。它是一個美麗的季節。花朵開始綻放，樹木開始變綠，小鳥開始歌唱。春天經常有風。人們喜歡放風箏。
2.As food is to the body, so is learning to the mind. Our bodies grow and muscles develop with the intake of adequate nutritious food. Likewise, we should keep learning day by day to maintain our keen mental power and expand our intellectual capacity. Constant learning supplies us with inexhaustible fuel for driving us to sharpen our power of reasoning, *** ysis, and judgment. Learning incessantly is the surest way to keep pace with the times in the information age, and an infallible warrant of suess in times of uncertainty.
學習之於心靈，就像食物之於身體一樣。攝取了適量的營養食物，我們的身體得以生長而肌肉得以發達。同樣地，我們應該日復一日不斷地學習以保持我們敏銳的心智能力，並擴充我們的智力容量。不斷的學習提供我們用不盡的燃料，來驅使我們磨利我們的推理、分析和判斷的能力。持續的學習是在信息時代中跟時代並駕齊驅的最穩當的方法，也是在變動的世代中成功的可靠保證。
3.Work and play do not contradict each other; in fact, they plement each other. As the saying goes, "All work and no play makes Jack a ll boy." A life burdened with work leads you nowhere, for you would get tired and bored with your daily routine work. On the other hand, proper recreation will relieve the tension and disfort of our monotonous life because it offers you various ways to let out your pent-up emotions.
工作與娛樂並不互相沖突，事實上，它們之間的關系還相輔相成。有句格言說：「整日工作而沒有休閑娛樂，會令人變得沉悶乏味。」被工作重擔壓得喘不過氣來的生活，將使你一事無成，因為你將對一成不變的例行公事感到厭煩。由另一方面來說，適度的娛樂活動能提供各種管道，來渲泄你被壓抑的情緒，減輕單調生活中的緊張與不悅。
4.Table-tennis is an ideal game us because it brings the whole body into action. It strengthens our muscles, expands our lungs, promotes the circulation of the blood, and causes a healthy action of the skin. Besides, it is very amusing and does not cost us much money. Table-tennis is very moderate; it is not so rough as football. It is an indoor game and can be played even on rainy days. Thus, it is my favorite kind of exercise.
撞球對我們而言，是一項理想的運動，因為它可以使我們全身運動，它可以增強我們的肌肉，擴張我們的肺部，促進血液循環，並且使肌膚產生健康作用，此外，它很有趣而且所費不多。撞球是相當溫和適中的，它不像足球那麼粗野。它是一種室內運動，甚至在下雨天也能玩。因此，撞球是我最喜愛的一種運動。
5.Previewing is very important in our studies. in this way the knowledge we learn will be more solid, and it will be easier in class. so to preview and review our lessons is really a very good way to study, and very important to us middle school students。
預習對於我們學生的學習是非常重要的。它可以是我們的知識更加牢固。學的更加輕松。課前預習課後復習是非常好的學習方法。有助於學習成績的提高。對於初三的我們來說，預習和復習更是十分重要的
求採納，謝謝！
英語課代表競選稿（英文，要有中文翻譯）要簡短
今天，很榮幸走上講台，和那麼多樂意為班級作貢獻的同學一道，競選班幹部職務。我想，我將用旺盛的精力、清醒的頭腦來做好班幹部工作，來發揮我的長處幫助同學和x班集體共同努力進步
我從小學到現在班幹部一年沒拉下，但我一身干凈，沒有「官相官態」，「官腔官氣」；少的是畏首畏尾的私慮，多的是敢做敢為的闖勁。
我想我該當個實幹家，不需要那些美麗的詞彙來修飾。工作鍛煉了我，生活造就了我。戴爾卡耐基說過「不要怕推銷自己，只要你認為自己有才華，你就應該認為自己有資格提任這個或那個職務」。
我相信，憑著我新銳不俗的「官念」，憑著我的勇氣和才幹，憑著我與大家同舟共濟的深厚友情，這次競選演講給我帶來的必定是下次的就職演說。我會在任何時候，任何情況下，都首先是「想同學們之所想，急同學們之所急。」 我決不信奉「無過就是功」的信條，恰恰相反，我認為一個班幹部「無功就是過」。因為本人平時與大家相處融洽，人際關系較好，這樣在客觀上就減少了工作的阻力。我將與風華正茂的同學們在一起，指點江山，發出我們青春的呼喊。當師生之間發生矛盾時，我一定明辨是非，敢於堅持原則。特別是當教師的說法或做法不盡正確時，我將敢於積極為同學們謀求正當的權益如果同學們對我不信任，隨時可以提出「不信任案」，對我進行彈劾。你們放心，彈劾我不會像彈劾柯林頓那樣麻煩，我更不會死賴不走。
既然是花，我就要開放；既然是樹，我就要長成棟梁；既然是石頭，我就要去鋪出大路；既然是班幹部，我就要成為一名出色的領航員！
流星的光輝來自天體的摩擦，珍珠的璀璨來自貝殼的眼淚，而一個班級的優秀來自班幹部的領導和全體同學的共同努力。
我自信在同學們的幫助下，我能勝任這項工作，正由於這種內驅力，當我走向這個講台的時候，我感到信心百倍。
你們拿著選票的手還會猶豫嗎？謝謝大家的信任
求英語小短文（200字）中文翻譯都要有
扇貝 金山詞霸里都有這種小故事
求英文 偵探 推理短篇小說 要有中文翻譯
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不過沒有翻譯……
ok?
非常不可思議，你們老師居然布置推理小說的……
英語簡短冷笑話，要有中文翻譯。急求
Q: Why number nine is scared of number seven?
為什麼數字九會怕七?
A: Nine is scared of Seven because Seven, Eight, Nine
Seven (ate) Nine 英文諧音
因為七把九吃掉了 (數數 七, 八, 九)
有誰有中文翻譯成英文的句子。中文和英文都要！
我說幾句我喜歡的吧！ ：年年歲歲花相似，歲歲年年人不同！
One year spent similar, each year is different!
堅信自己也有成功的一天！
Believe that they have a suessful day!
人為夢想而偉大！
Man dreams and great!
急求7人的英語小話劇，要有中文翻譯哦！
以making a better decision 英語中文最好也有中文翻譯
look before you leap and shop around before you make the final decision, precaution is a must for you to make a better decision.在做最終決定前要三思而後行、貨比三家。謹慎是做出更好決定的必要條件。
英語小短文四年級的 一個小短文最多3句 有中文翻譯！
My name is xxx. My family has three people. They are my father, mother and I.
英語的貴族姓氏，要有中文翻譯
諾曼王室Norman 安茹王室Anjou 蘭開斯特王室Lancaster 約克王室York 都鐸王室Tudor 斯圖亞特王室Stuart 漢諾威王室Hannover 薩克森-科堡-哥達王室一開始姓Wettiner，1917年改姓Windsor 現在女王子孫的姓氏為Mountbatten-Windsor，這個復姓的前半部分即是愛丁堡公爵菲利普親王的母姓，菲利普親王的父系家族來自希臘王室Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glück *** urg家族。
此外還有一些非王室顯貴姓氏，如Spencer家族，馬爾博羅公爵約翰丘吉爾後裔的兩個分支分別為丘吉爾首相和黛安娜王妃的祖先。還有已故王太後Bowes-Lyon家族。
精小銳
❸ 英語小故事短文（精美英語小短文帶翻譯4篇）
小短文帶翻譯(一)
The City Mouse and the Country Mouse
Once there were two mice. They were friends. One mouse lived in the country; the other mouse lived in the city. After many years the Country mouse saw the City mouse; he said, "Do come and see me at my house in the country." So the City mouse went. The City mouse said, "This food is not good, and your house is not good. Why do you live in a hole in the field? You should come and live in the city. You would live in a nice house made of stone. You would have nice food to eat. You must come and see me at my house in the city."
The Country mouse went to the house of the City mouse. It was a very good house. Nice food was set ready for them to eat. But just as they began to eat they heard a great noise. The City mouse cried, " Run! Run! The cat is coming!" They ran away quickly and hid.
After some time they came out. When they came out, the Country mouse said, "I do not like living in the city. I like living in my hole in the field. For it is nicer to be poor and happy, than to be rich and afraid."
【譯文】
城裡老鼠和鄉下老鼠
從前，有兩只老鼠，它們是好朋友。一隻老鼠居住在鄉村，另一隻住在城裡。很多年以後，鄉下老鼠碰到城裡老鼠，它說：「你一定要來我鄉下的家看看。」於是，城裡老鼠就去了。鄉下老鼠領著它到了一塊田地上它自己的家裡。它把所有最精美食物都找出來給城裡老鼠。城裡老鼠說：「這東西不好吃，你的家也不好，你為什麼住在田野的地洞里呢?你應該伏鉛搬到城裡去住，你能住上用石頭造的漂亮房子，還會吃上美味佳餚，你應該到我城裡的家看看歷廳搏。」
鄉下老鼠就到城裡老鼠的家去。房子十分漂亮，好吃的東西也為他們擺好了。可是正當他們要開始吃的時候，聽見很大的一陣響聲，城裡的老鼠叫喊起來：「快跑!快跑!貓來了!」他們飛快地跑開躲藏起來。
過了一會兒，他們出來了。當他們出來時，鄉下肢祥老鼠說：「我不喜歡住在城裡，我喜歡住在田野我的洞里。因為這樣雖然貧窮但是快樂自在，比起雖然富有卻要過著提心吊膽的生活來說，要好些 。
高中英語小短文帶翻譯(二)
There has been a long time for my family not to go out for the activity, because my father is busy all the time. But last week, my father finally finished his project, so that he could take a rest for some time. My father advised us to go to the zoo, I was so excited, because I hadn』t seen many animals in my life. In the zoo, there were so many people, it was so lively. I saw the monkey, the giraffe and so on. I saw these animals in the TV usually, but I saw them in front of me that day. The peacock impressed me so much, it looked homely when it laid down the ground, but when it stood up and opened the wings, it was so gorgeous. People said peacock was proud, indeed, it would not please people. I had a good time in the zoo.
【譯文】
對於我的家人來說，我們已經有很長一段時間沒有外出活動了，因為爸爸總是很忙。但是上周，我的爸爸終於完成了他的項目，所以他能休息一段時間。爸爸建議我們去動物園，我很興奮，因為我目前還沒有看到過很多動物。在動物園里，有很多人，非常熱鬧。我看到了猴子，長頸鹿等等。我平常在電視上看到這些動物，但是那天我親眼看到了。孔雀給我的印象很深刻，在它躺在地上的時候，看起來很普通，但是當它站起來，打開翅膀，是那麼的美麗。人們說孔雀是傲慢的，確實，它不會取悅人們。在動物園里我度過了一段美好的時光。
高中英語小短文帶翻譯(三)
When I was very small, I was so obsessed with the movie Harry Potter. I had watched all the series and I was so impressed by the role that acted by Emma Watson. Now so many years have passed, I keep paying attention to her. Emma is as smart as the role she plays. Though she keeps filming movies, she never gives up study. She got full A in her lesson and she could go to any top university, finally she went to Brown University. When she graated, she was invited to give the speech He For Her. She called the men to be equal with the women. The speech was welcomed by the world and people gave great support. People call Emma the England rose, she is smart and elegant, which sets the good example for the England girls.
【譯文】
高中英語小短文帶翻譯(四)
Many traditional arts are losing nowadays, because some of them have been replaced by the new machines and the scientific procts. I feel so sorry about the losing arts, in my opinion, they are so classic and their charm will never fade away. Take my grandma for example. She is good at paper-cut which was inherited from her mother. But when comes to my mother』s generation, paper-cut seems to be kicked out, there are less people need it, so my mother doesn』t learn this skill. The paper-cut art is losing in my family. When I found my grandma had this skill, I was so surprised and curious about it. I asked my grandma to teach me this skill. During the process, I found this art was so great, I was attracted by it. Some traditional arts like paper-cup should be kept.
【譯文】
如今很多傳統藝術正在消失,因為一些傳統已經被新的機器和科學的產品所替代。對於正在消失的藝術，我感到抱歉,在我看來,他們是如此經典和有魅力,將永遠不會消失。以我奶奶為例。她擅長剪紙，繼承了她母親。但是當到我母親這一代,剪紙似乎被淘汰了,越來越少的人需要它,所以我的母親不學習這個技能。剪紙藝術在我家中逐漸失去。當我發現我奶奶有這個技能的時候,我是如此的驚訝和好奇。我叫奶奶教我這個技能。在這個過程中,我發現這門藝術是如此之大,我被它吸引住了。一些傳統藝術像剪紙應該被保持。
高中英語小短文帶翻譯(五)
After seeing so many movies about the youth, we are starting to wonder about what do we have in our youth, the fight, the drink or the love? My answer is no. What we see from the movie is not true, the plots are exaggerated and misunderstood. For students, their youth is the process of fighting. They have studied so hard to realize their dreams. When they are in primary school, they want to do well and make their parents be proud of them. When they are in middle school and high school, they need to take part in the exams so as to enter the better future schools. Even they are in college, they still need to study and fight for the ideal job. There is no doubt that most people keep fighting for their future and this is the memory of youth.
【譯文】
看了很多關於青春的電影之後,我們開始思考我們的青春有什麼,打架,喝酒或談戀愛?我的答案是否定的。我們從電影看到的是不正確的,故事情節被誇大了,也被誤解了。對於學生,他們的青春是戰斗的過程。他們努力學習來實現夢想。在上小學的時候,他們想要做的很好,讓父母為他們感到驕傲。當他們在初中和高中的時候,需要參加考試,以便將來進入更好的學校。甚至在大學,他們仍然需要學習和爭取理想的工作。毫無疑問,大多數人一直在為自己的未來奮斗,這是青春的記憶。
❹ 求大神給一篇英文短小說的翻譯。題目是 A secret lost in the water
After I started going to school my father scarcely talked any more. I was very intoxicated by the new game of spelling; my father had little skill for it ( it was my mother who wrote our letters) and was convinced I was no longer interested in hearing him tell of his adventures ring the long weeks when he was far away from the house.
在我開始上學以後，我父親幾乎不再說話了。我對於拼寫的新游戲非常興奮。我的父親對於它（指拼寫）幾乎沒有什麼技能 (總是我母親寫信給我們)並被說服了，就是我不再對於聽他從這所房子講述他在漫長的幾個星期里的冒險經歷感興趣了。
One day, however, he said to me :
『The time』s come to show you something.』
He asked me to follow him. I walked behind him, not talking, as we had got in the habit of doing. He stopped in the field before a clump of leafy bushes.
『Those are called alders,』 he said.
『I know.』
『You have to learn how to choose,』 my father pointed out.
I didn』t understand. He touched each branch of the bush, one at a time, with religious care.
『You have to choose one that』s very fine, a perfect one, like this.』
I looked; it seemed exactly like the others.
My father opened his pocket knife and cut the branch he』d selected with pious care. He stripped off the
leaves and showed me the branch, which formed a perfect Y.
『You see,』 he said, 『the branch has two arms. Now take one in each hand. And squeeze them.』
I did as he asked and took in each hand one fork of the Y, which was thinner than a pencil.
『Close your eyes,』 my father ordered, 『 and squeeze a little harder….Don』t open your eyes! Do you feel anything?』
『The branch is moving!』 I exclaimed, astonished.
有一天，然而，他對我說：「時間會來顯示一些事情」
他叫我跟他走。我走在他身後，沒有說話，因為我們已經習慣了。他在一片茂密的灌木叢前停了下來。
他說，這些被稱為「榿木」。
「我知道。」
「你必須學會如何選擇，」我父親指出。
我不明白。他一次又一次地，如同敬神一般的觸摸著灌木叢中的每一根樹枝，。
「你必須選擇一個非常好的，一個完美的，像這樣的。」
我看了看;它看起來和其他的完全一樣。
我的父親打開了他的口袋刀，割斷了他精心挑選的樹枝。他脫光衣服
樹葉，給我看樹枝，它形成了一個完美的丫字形。
「你看，」他說，「樹枝上有兩條胳膊。現在每個手拿一個，擠壓他們。」
我按他的要求做了，每隻手拿一隻比鉛筆還薄的丫叉。
「閉上你的眼睛,」父親命令,「和擠壓…有點困難。不要打開你的眼睛!你感覺什麼嗎?」
「樹枝在蠕動!」我叫道,大吃一驚。
Beneath my clenched fingers the alder was wriggling like a small, frightened snake. My father saw that I was about to drop it.
『Hang on to it!』
『The branch is squirming,』 I repeated. 『And I hear something that sounds like a river!』
『Open your eyes,』 my father ordered.
I was stunned, as though he』d awakened me while I was dreaming.
『What does it mean?』 I asked my father.
『It means that underneath us, right here, there』s a little fresh-water spring. If we dig, we could drink from it. I』ve just taught you how to find a spring. It』s something my own father taught me. It isn』t something you learn in school. And it isn』t useless : a man can get along without writing and arithmetic, but he can never get along without water.』
在我緊握的手指下，榿木像一條受驚的小蛇一樣蠕動著。我父親看到我要把它扔掉。
「繼續下去!」
「樹枝在蠕動，」我重復道。「我聽到了一種像河一樣的聲音!」
「睜開眼睛，」父親命令道。
我驚呆了，彷彿他在我做夢的時候叫醒了我。
「這是什麼意思?」我問父親。
它的意思是，在我們下面，在這里，有一個淡水泉。如果我們挖它，我們可以喝到水。我剛教你怎麼找到泉水。這是我父親教我的。這不是你在學校里能夠學到的東西。而且它也不是無用的:一個人可以不會寫也不會算數可以生存，但他卻永遠無法在沒有水的情況下生存。
Much later, I discovered that my father was famous in the region because of what people called his 『gift』 :
before digging a well they always consulted him; they would watch him prospecting the fields or the hills, eyes closed, hands clenched on the fork of an alder bough. Wherever my father stopped, they marked the ground;
there they would dig; and from there water would gush forth.
很久以後，我發現我父親在這個地區很出名，因為人們親切地稱他為「禮物」:
在挖井之前，他們總是徵求他的意見;他們會看著他在田野或山丘上找礦，眼睛閉著，雙手緊握在一個榿木樹枝上。無論我父親在哪裡停下，他們都在地上標記;
他們會挖掘;然後水就會湧出來。
Years passed; I went to other schools, saw other countries, I had children, I wrote some books and my poor father is lying in the earth where so many times he had found fresh water.
One day someone began to make a film about my village and its inhabitants, from whom I』ve stolen so many of the stories that I tell. With the film crew we went to see a farmer to capture the image of a sad man: his children didn』t want to receive the inheritance he』d spent his whole life preparing for them — the finest farm in the area. While the technicians were getting cameras and microphones ready the farmer put his arm around my shoulders, saying :
『I knew your father well.』
『Ah! I know. Everybody in the village knows each other… No one feels like an outsider.』
『You know what』s under your feet?』
『Hell?』 I asked, laughing.
好些年過去了;我去了別的學校，看到了其他的國家，我有了自己的孩子，我也寫了一些書，我可憐的父親長眠在他已經找到了很多的淡水那裡的地下。
有一天，有人開始拍一部關於我的村莊和它的居民的電影，我從他那裡偷來了很多他給我講的故事。在電影攝制組的幫助下，我們去找一個農夫幫助我們去捕捉一個悲傷的人的形象:他的孩子們不想接受他一生都在為他們准備的遺產——最好的農場，在該地區。當技術人員准備好相機和麥克風的時候，農民把他的手臂搭在我的肩膀上，說:「我很了解你的父親。」
「啊! 我知道。村裡的每個人都知道彼此…沒有人感覺就像一個局外人。」
「你知道你腳下是什麼嗎?」
「地獄?」我問,笑了。
『Under you feet there』s a well. Before I g I called in specialists from the Department of Agriculture; they did research, they analyzed shovelfuls of dirt; and they made a report where they said there wasn』t any water on my land. With the family, the animals, the crops, I need water. When I saw that those specialists hadn』t found any I thought of your father and I asked him to come over. He didn』t want to; I think he was pretty fed up with me because I 『d asked those specialists instead of him. But finally he came; he went and cut off a little branch, then he walked around for a while with his eyes shut; he stopped, he listened to something we couldn』t hear and then he said to me : 『Dig right here, there』s enough water to get your whole flock drunk and drown your specialists besides.』 We g and found water. Fine water that』s never heard of pollution.
「你站的腳下有一口井，在我挖掘之前，我請來了農業部的專家;他們做了研究，分析了土壤;他們做了一個報告，說我的土地上沒有水。我有我的家庭，動物，莊稼，我需要水。當我看到那些專家還沒有找到水源時，我想起了你父親，我請他過來。他不想來;我覺得他很厭煩我，因為我問了那些專家而不是他。但最後他去砍了一根小樹枝，然後他閉著眼睛在附近轉悠了一會兒; 他停了下來，聽著我們聽不見的東西，然後他對我說:「挖到這兒，有足夠的水把你的整個羊群都喝醉了，還能把你的專家們淹死。」我們挖了挖，發現了水源。聽說過的沒有污染的好水源。
The film people were ready; they called to me to take my place.
『I』m gonna to show you something,』 said the farmer, keeping me back. 『You wait right here.』
He disappeared into a shack which he must have used to store things, then came back with a branch which he held out to me.
『I never throw nothing away; I kept the alder branch your father cut to find my water. I don』t understand, it hasn』t dried out.』
電影攝制人員都准備好了;他們叫站好我的位置。
「我要給你看些東西，」農夫說著，把我拉了回去。「你在這里等一下。」
他消失在一個小棚子里，那一定是用來儲藏東西的，然後又帶著樹枝回來了，他向我伸出一枝樹枝。
「我從不把東西扔掉;我把你父親切開的來找我的水源的榿木樹枝保留著。我不明白的是，它還沒干呢。」
Moved as I touched the branch, kept out of I don』t know what sense of piety—and which really wasn』t dry —I had the feeling that my father was watching me over my shoulder; I closed my eyes and, standing above the spring my father had discovered, I waited for the branch to writhe, I hoped the sound of gushing water would rise to my ears.
The alder stayed motionless in my hands and the water beneath the earth refused to sing.
Somewhere along the roads I』d taken since the village of my childhood I had forgotten my father』s knowledge.
『Don』t feel sorry,』 said the man, thinking no doubt of his farm and his childhood; 『nowadays fathers can』t pass on anything to the next generation.』
And he took the alder branch from my hands.
當我觸摸著樹枝的時候，我說不出那是什麼樣的一種虔誠的感覺，——我覺得父親在我肩上方看著我;我閉上眼睛，站在我父親發現的水源的上方，我期待著樹枝的蠕動，我希望滔滔不絕的水聲會湧上我的耳朵。
榿木樹枝一動不動地握在我的手裡，地下的泉水卻拒絕詠唱。
從我童年時代起，我就已經在路上的某個地方忘記了父親的知識技能。
「別難過，」那個人說，他的認知就如他對他的農場和他的童年是毫不懷疑的，「現今的父親也沒法把所有東西傳給下一代。」
他從我手裡接過了榿木樹枝。
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❻ 關於寫作 | 短篇小說(Short Story)的套路
在英文文學中，有一種寫作類型叫narrative writing，narrative這個詞的中文意思就是講故事，所以narrative writing可以譯成 記敘文體或敘事文體寫作 。Short Story（短篇小說）和Novel（長篇小說）都屬這種文體。
在中文中，我們習慣把Novel翻譯成「小說」，Story翻譯成「故事」，所以Short Story究竟是翻譯成「短篇小說」好還是「短篇故事」好，也未有定論。由於不同語言本身並沒有完全對等的翻譯，也由於中國文學的小說發展路徑與西方文學小說發展路徑有很大的不同，所以，這種咬文嚼字的細節暫時先放下不提，下文統一口徑稱之短篇小說。
英文文學中的短篇小說是專指 篇幅較短 、圍繞 單一事件 描寫的記敘文體作品。篇幅以一萬詞為最高上限，也有說法認為五千詞是最高上限。
那麼，經典的英文短篇小說有哪些要素呢？簡單地說就是P.A.C.T.S.，加拿大高中老師會讓學生填寫P.A.C.T.S. sheet來分析和理解一篇短篇小說。
故事也好小說也罷，都離不了情節。依據短篇小說的定義，它只有一個中心事件，故事的情節就圍繞著這一個中心事件展開。包括：
一個完整的短篇小說的情節應該包括所有這些要素，使小說的整體走勢呈A字：
講故事要營造一種氛圍，使讀者產生相應的情緒。 氛圍 是作者通過自己的文字傳達出去的，而 情緒 是讀者在閱讀文字的過程中所感知的。一篇好的作品，應該是作者能夠讓讀者感受到自己營造的氛圍，並產生相應的情緒。而差的作品則相反，讀者或者感受不到作者營造的氛圍，或者產生跟作者期望的完全不符的情緒。
比如，用自然環境營造氣氛是文學作品中最常見的手法，晴天代表好心情，陰天代表傷心難過……。並不是說現實生活中晴天白日就不會發生倒霉事，而是說這樣的寫法最接近正常人的心理感知，因為人在心情好的時候就是會感覺氣朗天清。這一方面，托馬斯·哈代是個中高手，可以參考他在《德伯家的苔絲》中對自然的描寫是如何烘托主角的悲喜境遇的。
當然，文學名家可以讓倒霉事發生在大晴天並讓讀者更覺悲摧，但對初級寫手來說，這樣做往往是危險的，會造成讀者在閱讀時情緒混亂，懷疑作者是蛇精病。
曾有人在新年時收到遠方友人一封信：「過去幾個新年，每次我們兩家人都在一起過，朋友歡聚何等愉快。今年你們遠赴他鄉，但不知道怎麼的，我們一點兒也沒覺得難過。」——如果不是知道這哥們永遠詞不達意，這信基本就是絕交信的節奏了。這就是氛圍營造的車禍現場。
不用說，短篇小說必須有人物，而且一般還不止一個人物：一或兩個 主要人物 和幾個 次要人物 。主要人物不能多過兩個，否則就亂套了。
次要人物在整個故事中是不變的 ，做為背景色存在。而隨著情節展開，各方沖突的發展， 主要人物必須有一個明確的、合乎邏輯的變化過程 ，或者是處境變化，或者是心理變化，或者是情緒變化，等等等等。如果主要人物沒有變化，那將是一個無味的故事，如果次要人物發生變化，那將是一個混亂的主次不分的故事。
主角還應該有一個敵手(Antagonist），就是那個給主角製造麻煩的人或物。敵手可以是另一個主角，也可以是次要角色，還可以是主角自己，甚至還可以是主角身處的社會、自然環境。
在中文語境中，小說與故事最重要的一個區別是：故事只是講述一件事，這件事可能是真實發生的，也可能是想像的，故事 可以 不傳達講述者的任何價值和觀念；而小說則不同， 小說是作者通過一個故事傳達自己的思想 ，也就是我們常說的、也是中學時代最恨的「中心思想」。
因此，一篇好的小說應該能讓讀者get到一個「人生道理」。當然每個讀者有自己的人生經驗，所以從同一篇小說中每個讀者get到的人生道理可能不一樣。還是以莫泊桑的《項鏈》為例，中國的高中語文的標准答案是「對資產階級虛榮的生活方式的無情批判」，而加拿大的標准答案有好幾個：做人要誠實（早跟朋友承認項鏈丟了可能就只用賠500法郎不必做十年苦工了）、愛情很堅貞（這敗家老婆都沒家暴她，還借錢幫她還債，絕對是真愛了）……
一般來說，故事發生的時間和地點會在故事的一開始交待清楚，但也並非總是這樣。有時，故事的時間地點會隱藏在故事情節中，比如，看到出租馬車，讀者就大概猜到這起碼是一個世紀以前的故事，提到一周掙七個先令，就能猜出故事發生在英國，而且也是很久以前。
初級寫手可以一開頭交待清楚時間地點，高段位寫手則可以把這些信息在行文中潤物細無聲地傳達出來，和故事情節結合成一個協調的整體。
除了PACTS五大要素，短篇小說還有一大要素Narration & Point of View，英文縮寫成POV。 POV就是指故事是從誰的視角來講述 ，即中文所說的第一人稱敘述和第三人稱敘述。
第一人稱很好理解，整篇故事是「我」「我」「我」，我看、我聽、我動、我說、我想。這種視角最大的限制是，「我」只能知道別人在我面前說了什麼、做了什麼，但「我」不知道別人想了什麼，也不知道別人在「我」不在場時說了什麼做了什麼（除非再有另一個人來告訴「我」）。而這種視角最大的好處是適合初寫者，因為只要寫清楚「我」如何就可以了，別人都是「我」眼中、耳中的映射。
第三人稱是用「他」「她」「它」講故事。第三人稱又細分為 有限制的第三人稱(3rd person view limited) 和 上帝視角第三人稱(3rd person view Omniscient) 。
有限制的第三人稱是用主要人物的視角去寫，故事講述者知道主要人物所做所為所思所想，但對其他人物則所知（寫）不多，這是大部分第三人稱故事使用的講述方式。
上帝視角第三人稱之所以稱為上帝視角，就是指故事講述者知道整個故事所有人的所有行為和思想，是一個全知全覺的存在。具體寫作的例子可以參考簡奧斯汀的小說。這種講述方式是初學者最喜歡用的，因為直接把每個人物的所思所想寫出來交待給讀者簡單易行，比費工費力地描寫人物的行為舉止可省事兒多了。然而這樣寫卻很容易造成行文的混亂，讓讀者在不同人物的不同視角跳來跳去，好像一個初學攝像的人，鏡頭搖來晃去，拍出來的視頻只能讓人頭暈。至於有些初學者以第一人稱寫作卻總是「不小心」鑽到別人的身體里把人家的想法說出來，那就更是笑話了。
這篇文章是根據我在加拿大讀高中英語的課堂筆記整理及個人理解而成，如有錯誤，歡迎指正。
❼ 求七年級上冊英語閱讀短文20篇 含答案
1。Today i and friends of foreign travel, outside air is very good, people feel very comfortable. We all appreciate the fine girls bicycles. We enjoyed the beautiful nature brought. We happily spent a happy day. 今天和朋友一起出外交遊，外面的空氣很好，人感覺很舒服。我們騎著自行車一路欣賞鳥語花香。享受著大自然帶給我們的無限美好。大家開開心心地度過了愉快的一天。
2。Today Mailehaoo clothes, and parents take to the streets is happy, the parents have to pay to buy things. Unlike in their street to buy things they like to take a long time but saw the price, Ha-ha, is really very happy. I love my parents, I too thank them for the care and love. `` 今天買了好多衣服，和父母上街就是愉快，買東西有父母幫付錢。不像平時自己上街買東西碰到喜歡的但看了價錢都要考慮好久，呵呵，真的是很開心。我愛我的父母，太感謝他們對我的關心和愛戴了。
3.Flute " Robinson Crusoe " of good fortune, novelist of British, describe protagonist drift about on the island, overcome the difficulty, the legend story of pioneering an enterprise with painstaking efforts. Novel write true naturally, legendary. The protagonist plants the crops on the detached island, puts up the log cabin, has eaten the innumerable trials and tribulations, survive. Want, go back human world anxious, want to go how about go out of these damnable place only like make him to be fascinated, result fail, get back to, long separated for Britain for 28 year give me enlightenment by " Robinson's records of adventure " on 1868 year finally, tanacity of him let me wait for a chance to cause trouble, want, march toward another goal for life, look like Robinson like that spend one's own strength,reach ideal realm one's own. We need possess Robinson so spirit of struggle diligently.
英國小說家笛福的《魯濱遜漂流記》描述了主人公漂流海島,戰勝困難,艱苦創業的傳奇故事. 小說寫得真實自然,富有傳奇色彩.主人公在孤島上種莊稼,搭木屋,吃了千辛萬苦,生存下來.但想回人間的心切,使他著迷般地只想到如何走出這個鬼地方,結果還是失敗了,最後於1868年回到闊別28年的英國
《魯濱孫漂流記》給我以啟示，他的頑強讓我蠢蠢欲動，想要邁向人生的另一目標，像魯濱孫那樣用自己的力量，到達自己理想的境界。
我們需要具備魯濱遜那樣的刻苦奮斗的精神.
The World's Greatest Swordsman
At an exhibition of the world's best swordsman, the third-place fencer took the stage. A fly was released, and with an arc of his sword he cut the fly in half. The crowd cheered. Then the second-place man sliced a fly into quarters. A hush fell in anticipation of the world's greatest swordsman.
His blade came down in a mighty arc - but the insect continued on its way! The crowd was aghast. The greatest swordsman had missed his target completely, yet he continued to smile.
"Why are you so happy?" someone yelled. "You missed!"
"Ah," replied the swordsman, "you weren't watching very carefully. They fly lives, yes - but he will never be a father."
世界上最偉大的擊劍手
在一場世界最佳擊劍手錶演中，排名第三的擊劍手上場了。一隻蒼蠅放了出來，劍劃了一個弧，他將蒼蠅劈成了兩半。觀眾歡呼起來。緊接著排名第二的人將一隻蒼蠅切成了四半。現場一陣沉默，人們期盼著世界上最偉大的擊劍手出場。
他的劍鋒以一個巨大的弧線劃了下來－－然而那隻昆蟲還在繼續飛行!觀眾被驚呆了。最偉大的擊劍手完全錯過了他的目標，然而他還在微笑著。
「你為什麼這么高興？」有人嚷道，「你沒擊中!」
「啊，」劍手答道，「你剛才沒有很仔細地看。蒼蠅還活著，是的－－但他永遠也做不成爸爸了。」
—————————————————————————————————————————
A Mistake
An American, a Scot and a Canadian were killed in a car accident. They arrived at the gates of heaven, where a flustered St. Peter explained that there had been a mistake. "Give me $500 each," he said, "and I'll return you to earth as if the whole thing never happened."
"Done!" said the American. Instantly, he found himself standing unhurt near the scene.
"Where are the others?" asked a medic.
"Last I knew," said the American, "the Scot was haggling price, and the Canadian was arguing that his government should pay."
搞錯了
一位美國人，一位英格蘭人和一位加拿大人在一場車禍中喪生。他們到達天堂的門口。在那裡，醉醺醺的聖彼德解釋說是搞錯了。「每人給我五百美元，」他說，「我將把你們送回人間，就象什麼都沒有發生過一樣。」
「成交!」美國人說。立刻，他發現自己毫不損傷地站在現場附近。
「其他人在哪兒？」一名醫生問道。
「我離開之前，」那名美國人說，「我看見英格蘭人正在砍價，而那名加拿大人正在分辯說應該由他的政府來出這筆錢。」
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Pig or Witch
A man is driving up a steep, narrow mountain road. A woman is driving down the same road. As they pass each other, the woman leans out of the window and yells "PIG!!" The man immediately leans out of his window and replies, "WITCH(女巫)!!" They each continue on their way, and as the man rounds the next corner, he crashes into a pig in the middle of the road. If only men would listen.
豬還是女巫
一個男人在一條陡峭狹窄的山路上駕車，一個女人相向駕車而來。他們相遇時，那個女的從窗中伸出頭來叫到：「豬！！」那個男的立即從窗中伸出頭來回敬道：「女巫！！」他們繼續前行。這個男的在下一個路口轉彎時，撞上了路中間的一頭豬。要是這個男的能聽懂那個女人的意思就好了。
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Response Ability
An Ogden, Iowa, minister was matching coins with a member of his congregation for a cup of coffee. When asked if that didn't constitute gambling, the minister replied, "It's merely a scientific method of determining just who is going to commit an act of charity."
Philosopher Bertrand Russell, asked if he was willing to die for his beliers, replied: "Of course not. After all, I may be wrong."
A newspaper organized a contest for the best answer to the question: "If a fire broke out in the Louvre, and if you could only save one painting, which one would you carry out?"
The winning reply was: "The one nearest the exit."
答問技巧
衣阿華州奧格根的一位牧師正在與一位教友為一杯咖啡而猜硬幣。別人問他那是否構成賭博行為時，牧師答道：「這僅僅是決定由誰來做一件善事的一種科學方法。」
當我人問哲學家羅素是否願意為了他的信仰而獻身時，他答道：「當然不會。畢竟，我可能會是錯的。」
一份報紙組織了一場競賽，為下面的問題徵集最佳答案：「如果盧浮宮起了火，而你只能救出一幅畫，你將救出哪一幅？」
獲獎的答案是：「最接近門口的那一幅。」
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Jonesie The Great Lion Hunter
A small village was troubled by a man-eating lion. So its leaders sent a message to the great hunter, Jonesie, to come and kill the beast.
For several nights the hunter lay in wait for the lion, but it never appeared. Finally, he told the village chief to kill a cow and give him its hide. Draping the skin over his shoulders, he went to the pasture to wait for the lion.
In the middle of the night, the villagers woke to the sound of blood-curdling shrieks coming from the pasture. As they carefully approached, they saw the hunter on the ground, groaning in pain. There was no sign of the lion.
"What happened, Jonesie? Where is the lion?" asked the chief.
"Forget the damn lion!" he howled. "Which one of you idiots let the bull loose?"
偉大的獵手Jonesie
有個小村莊正為一隻吃人的獅子而煩惱。於是，村長派人去請偉大的獵手Jonesie來殺死這只野獸。
獵手躺著等了幾個晚上，但獅子一直沒有出現。最後，他要求村長殺只羊然後把頭皮給他。把羊皮披在身上後，獵人到草原上去等獅子。
半夜，村民被從草原傳來的聲嘶力竭的尖叫聲驚醒。他們小心地靠近後，看到獵手正躺在草地上痛苦地呻吟。沒有獅子出沒的蛛絲馬跡。
「Jonesie，怎麼了？獅子在哪？」村長問。
「哪有獅子！」獵人怒吼道，「哪個傻瓜把公牛放出來了？」
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Weather Predict
A film crew was on location deep in the desert. One day an old Indian went up to the director and said, "Tomorrow rain." The next day it rained.
A week later, the Indian went up to the director and said, "Tomorrow storm." The next day there was a hailstorm.
"This Indian is incredible," said the director. He told his secretary to hire the Indian to predict the weather.
However, after several successful predictions, the old Indian didn't show up for two weeks.
Finally the director sent for him. "I have to shoot a big scene tomorrow," said the director, "and I'm depending on you. What will the weather be like?"
The Indian shrugged his shoulders. "Don't know," he said. "Radio is broken."
天氣預報
一個電影攝制組在沙漠深處工作.一天,一個印度老人到導演跟前告訴導演說"明天下雨."第二天果然下雨了.
一周後,印度人又來告訴導演說,"明天有風暴."果然,第二天下了雹暴.
"印度人真神,"導演說.他告訴秘書僱傭該印度人來預報天氣.
幾次預報都很成功.然後,接下來的兩周,印度人不見了.
最後,導演派人去把他叫來了."我明天必須拍一個很大的場景,"導演說,"這得靠你了.明天天氣如何啊?"
印度人聳了聳肩."我不知道,"印度人說,"收音機壞了."
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I Am Acting Like a Lady
One day when women's dresses were on sale at the FarEast Department Store, a dignified middle-aged man decided to get his wife a piece. But he soon found himself being battered by frantic women.
He stood it as long as he could; then, with head lowered and arms flailing, he plowed through the crowed.
"You there!" challenged a thrill voice. "Can't you act like a gentleman?"
"Listen," he said, "I have been acting like a gentleman for an hour. From now on, I am acting like a lady."
我要表現得象位女士
一天，遠東百貨公司的女裝大減價，一位高貴的中年男士想給太太買一件。可是，沒過多久，他發現自己已被瘋狂的女人沖得踉踉蹌蹌。
他竭力忍耐著。後來，他低下頭，揮動雙臂，擠過人群。
「你幹嘛？」有人尖聲叫道，「你難道不能表現得象位紳士嗎？」
「聽著，」他說，「我已經象紳士一樣表現了一個小時。從現在起，我要表現得象個女士。」