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馬克吐溫短篇小說中英

發布時間: 2023-08-20 09:41:42

❶ 馬克吐溫有哪些作品包括中英文的

馬克·吐溫的主要作品有:《卡拉韋拉斯縣馳名的跳蛙》(1867)、《傻子國外旅行記》(1869)、《艱苦歲月》(1872)、《鍍金時代》(1873,與查爾斯·達德利·沃納合寫)、《湯姆·索耶歷險記》(1876)、《國外流浪漢》(1880)、《王子與貧兒》(1882)、《密西西比河上》(1883)、《哈克貝里·費恩歷險記》(1884)、《亞瑟王朝廷上的康涅狄格州美國人》(1889)、《傻瓜威爾遜》(1894)、《貞德傳》(1896)。他去世後出版的作品有:《神秘的來客》(1916)、《馬克·吐溫的筆記本》(1935)和《自傳》(1959)。

馬克·吐溫<br>當過排字工人、密西西比河上舵手和演說家的馬克·吐溫,還是美國最偉大的作家之一。他的《湯姆·索耶歷險記》、《哈克貝里·費恩歷險記》和《密西西比河上》在美國偉大作品中名列前茅。吐溫一生深受人們喜愛,作為幽默大師和美國昔日的記錄者,他的聲望不斷提高。<br>他在1835年11月30日出生於密蘇里州的佛羅里達小鎮,是5個孩子中的第4個。父親約翰·馬歇爾·克萊門斯雖是個勤奮的人,但卻養活不了家。馬克4歲時隨全家遷居到密西西比河畔的漢尼拔。他就在這個河畔小城中長大成人,並在此為他的大多數著名小說收集了素材。法官卡彭特的原型是他的父親;波利大嬸是他的母親;錫德·索耶是他的哥哥亨利,哈克·費恩是鎮上一個叫湯姆·布蘭肯希普的男孩,而湯姆·索耶則是集幾個孩子於一身,其中也包括吐溫自己。他很多小說的寫作背景也都是這個小鎮。從他的作品中,人們還可經常見到他叔叔約翰·誇爾斯的農場。<br>馬克·吐溫12歲時父親去世.他便去當排字學徒,這是他在寫作生涯中邁出的第一步。1857年,他又拜師學習做船上的舵手。出師後用了兩年半時間從事這種新職業。當時河上來往船隻很多,因此舵手在船上的作用舉足輕重。他在《密西西比河的往事》中描寫了這幾年的經歷。<br>美國南北戰爭的爆發結束了他的舵手生涯。吐溫去西部的內華達.不久成為弗吉尼亞城報紙的記者。這時他開始使用「馬克·吐溫」這一筆名.這是早先河上所用的一句行話,意思是「12英尺深」,指水的深度。<br>1864年他去加利福尼亞,第二年寫了『跳蛙」故事,這一故事在很多報紙上連載。嗣後他被派往夏威夷群島進行采訪,回到美國後開始從事講演。不久他又去地中海和聖地巴勒斯坦旅行.並根據這次經歷寫成《傻子國外旅行記》,這本書使他一舉成名。<br>1870年他與奧莉薇婭·蘭登結婚,她是紐約州奧利韋拉一個富商的女兒。奧莉薇婭使吐溫的過分粗獷趨於柔和,有時使他的作品減弱了強度,有時實際上使他的作品更富於可讀性。他們一共生了三個女兒。<br>馬克·吐溫開始每隔幾年就寫出一本書。《大西洋月刊》編輯、享有盛譽的小說家威廉·迪安·豪威爾斯成了他的好友和文學顧問。<br>馬克·吐溫在康涅狄格州的哈特福德買下一家出版公司,他通過寫作、講演以及通過他的出版社賺得很多錢,但他把這些錢都用在高消費和不成功的投資上。他因投資製造自動排字機而賠了本錢。到1894年他的出版公司很不景氣,導致他的破產。<br>吐溫開始去世界各地巡迴演講以挽回損失,到1898年他已還清債務。馬克·吐溫晚年主要從事旅行和演講,寫作相對減少。他於1910年4月21日逝世。<br>馬克·吐溫不單單是個「愛開玩笑的人」,他在幽默的背後,對生活持有嚴肅的態度。貧困、父親早逝、失去一個女兒以及破產等,這些都給他的生活帶來悲劇。他的短篇小說《敗壞了哈德萊堡的人》顯示出那個小鎮上人們的貪婪,也反映出吐溫嚴肅的一面。<br>《哈克貝里·費恩歷險記》雖然孩子們讀來有理並從中獲得教益,但它絕不是兒童讀物。它有令人心碎的情節,也有智慧的結晶,成年人也可以好好地賞讀。另一方面,《湯姆·索耶歷險記》雖然是少兒讀物,但成年人同樣喜歡讀它。

❷ 英語短篇小說:Running For Governor by Mark Twain

馬克吐溫的這部小說Running For Governor發表於1870年紐約州長選舉之後,最初發表在文學雜志《銀河》(Galaxy)上。小說嘲諷美國競選的虛偽性,馬克·吐溫想像自己被提名為獨立候選人參加紐約州長選舉,卻遭到若干匿名攻擊者一連串捏造的人身攻擊。該小說在中國長期被收入中學語文教材。

馬克·吐溫的短篇小說《競選州長》講述了主人公“我”因為代表獨立黨與另外兩名其他黨派的候選人一起競選紐約州州長,而被誣陷成一個擁有如“偽證犯”、“小偷”、“拐屍犯”、“酒瘋子”、“賄賂犯”和“賄賂陪審員的人”等各種惡名的罪人的過程。“我”作為一個正人君子,原本以為相對於惡名昭著的兩位對手來說,自身最大的優勢就是“好名聲”,可對手施展種種卑鄙伎倆,不斷製造各種荒誕謠言,誹謗誣告“我”,最終導致莫名其妙地背負一身罪名的“我”被迫退出競選。小說抓住被收買的資產階級報刊專事造謠誹謗這一典型特徵,用誇張手法挖苦了資產階級的“民主選舉”。

作者介紹:

馬克·吐溫(Mark Twain),美國幽默大師、小說家、著名演說家、傑出的作家、和著名記者,真實姓名是薩繆爾·蘭亨·克萊門。“馬克·吐溫”是他的筆名,原是密西西比河水手使用的表示在航道上所測水的深度的術語。

馬克·吐溫12歲團鎮時,父親去世,他只好停學,到工廠當小工。後來他又換了不少職業,曾做過密西西比河的領航員、礦工及新聞記者工作。檔或散漸漸地著手寫一些有趣的小品,開始了自己的寫作生涯。

馬克·吐溫一生寫了大量作品,題材涉及小說、劇本、散文、詩歌等各方面。從內容上說,他的作品批判了不合理現象或人性的丑惡之處,表達了這位當過排字工人和水手的作家強烈的行氏正義感和對普通人民的關心;從風格上說,專家們和一般讀者都認為,幽默和諷刺是他的寫作特點。

馬克·吐溫是美國批判現實主義文學的奠基人,他的主要作品已大多有中文譯本。他經歷了美國從初期資本主義到帝國主義的發展過程,其思想和創作也表現為從輕快調笑到辛辣諷刺再到悲觀厭世的發展階段,前期以辛辣的諷刺見長,到了後期語言更為暴露激烈。被譽為“美國文學史上的林肯”。他於1910年4月21日去世,享年七十五歲,安葬於紐約州艾瑪拉。

小說原文:

A few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great state of New York, to run against Mr. John T. Smith and Mr. Blank J. Blank on an independent ticket. I somehow felt that I had one prominent advantage over these gentlemen, and that was--good character. It was easy to see by the newspapers that if ever they had known what it was to bear a good name, that time had gone by. It was plain that in these latter years they had become familiar with all manner of shameful crimes. But at the verymoment that I was exalting my advantage and joying in it in secret, there was a muddy undercurrent of discomfort "riling" the deeps of my happiness, and that was--the having to hear my name bandied about in familiar connection with those of such people. I grew more and more disturbed. Finally I wrote my grandmother about it. Her answer came quick and sharp. She said:

You have never done one single thing in all your life to be ashamed of--not one. Look at the newspapers--look at them and comprehend what sort of characters Messrs. Smith and Blank are, and then see if you are willing to lower yourself to their level and enter a public canvass with them.

It was my very thought! I did not sleep a single moment that night. But, after all, I could not recede.

I was fully committed, and must go on with the fight. As I was looking listlessly over the papers at breakfast I came across this paragraph, and I may truly say I never was so confounded before.

PERJURY.--Perhaps, now that Mr. Mark Twain is before the people as a candidate for Governor, he will condescend to explain how he came to be convicted of perjury by thirty-four witnesses in Wakawak, Cochin China, in 1863, the intent of which perjury being to rob a poor native widow and her helpless family of a meager plantain-patch, their only stay and support in their bereavement and desolation. Mr. Twain owes it to himself, as well as to the great people whose suffrages he asks, to clear thismatter up. Will he do it?

I thought I should burst with amazement! Such a cruel, heartless charge! I never had seen Cochin China! I never had heard of Wakawak! I didn't know a plantain-patch from a kangaroo! I did not know what to do. I was crazed and helpless. I let the day slip away without doing anything at all. The next morning the same paper had this--nothing more:

SIGNIFICANT.--Mr. Twain, it will be observed, is suggestively silent about the Cochin China perjury.

[Mem.--During the rest of the campaign this paper never referred to me in any other way than as "the infamous perjurer Twain."]

Next came the Gazette, with this:

WANTED TO KNOW.--Will the new candidate for Governor deign to explain to certain of his fellow-citizens (who are suffering to vote for him!) the little circumstance of his cabin-mates in Montana losing small valuables from time to time, until at last, these things having been invariably found on Mr. Twain's person or in his "trunk" (newspaper he rolled his traps in), they felt compelled to give him a friendly admonition for his own good, and so tarred and feathered him, and rode him on a rail; and then advised him to leave a permanent vacuum in the place he usually occupied in the camp. Will he do this?

Could anything be more deliberately malicious than that? For I never was in Montana in my life.

[After this, this journal customarily spoke of me as, "Twain, the Montana Thief."]

I got to picking up papers apprehensively--much as one would lift a desired blanket which he had some idea might have a rattlesnake under it. One day this met my eye:

THE LIE NAILED.--By the sworn affidavits of Michael O'Flanagan, Esq., of the Five Points, and Mr. Snub Rafferty and Mr. Catty Mulligan, of Water Street, it is established that Mr. Mark Twain's vile statement that the lamented grandfather of our noble standard- bearer, Blank J. Blank, was hanged for highway robbery, is a brutal and gratuitous LIE, without a shadow of foundation in fact. It is disheartening to virtuous men to see such shameful means resorted to to achieve political success as the attacking of the dead in their graves, and defiling their honored names with slander. When we think of the anguish this miserable falsehood must cause the innocent relatives and friends of the deceased, we are almost driven to incite an outraged and insulted public to summary and unlawful vengeance upon the tracer. But no! let us leave him to the agony of a lacerated conscience (though if passion should get the better of the public, and in its blind fury they should do the tracer bodily injury, it is but too obvious that no jury could convict and no court punish the perpetrators of the deed).

The ingenious closing sentence had the effect of moving me out of bed with despatch that night, and out at the back door also, while the "outraged and insulted public" surged in the front way, breaking furniture and windows in their righteous indignation as they came, and taking off such property as they could carry when they went. And yet I can lay my hand upon the Book and say that I never slandered Mr. Blank's grandfather. More: I had never even heard of him or mentioned him up to that day and date.

[I will state, in passing, that the journal above quoted from always referred to me afterward as "Twain, the Body-Snatcher."]

The next newspaper article that attracted my attention was the following:

A SWEET CANDIDATE.--Mr. Mark Twain, who was to make such a blighting speech at the mass-meeting of the Independents last night, didn't come to time! A telegram from his physician stated that he had been knocked down by a runaway team, and his leg broken in two places--sufferer lying in great agony, and so forth, and so forth, and a lot more bosh of the same sort. And the Independents tried hard to swallow the wretched subterfuge, and pretend that they did not know what was the real reason of the absence of the abandoned creature whom they denominate their standard-bearer. A certain man was seen to reel into Mr. Twain's hotel last night in a state of beastly intoxication. It is the imperative ty of the Independents to prove that this besotted brute was not Mark Twain himself. We have them at last! This is a case that admits of no shirking. The voice of the people demands in thunder tones, "WHO WAS THAT MAN?"

It was incredible, absolutely incredible, for a moment, that it was really my name that was coupled with this disgraceful suspicion. Three long years had passed over my head since I had tasted ale, beer, wine or liquor or any kind.

[It shows what effect the times were having on me when I say that I saw myself, confidently bbed "Mr. Delirium Tremens Twain" in the next issue of that journal without a pang--notwithstanding I knew that with monotonous fidelity the paper would go on calling me so to the very end.]

By this time anonymous letters were getting to be an important part of my mail matter. This form was common

How about that old woman you kiked of your premises which

was beging. POL. PRY.

And this:

There is things which you Have done which is unbeknowens to anybody

but me. You better trot out a few dots, to yours truly, or you'll

hear through the papers from

HANDY ANDY.

This is about the idea. I could continue them till the reader was surfeited, if desirable.

Shortly the principal Republican journal "convicted" me of wholesale bribery, and the leading Democratic paper "nailed" an aggravated case of blackmailing to me.

[In this way I acquired two additional names: "Twain the Filthy Corruptionist" and "Twain the Loathsome Embracer."]

By this time there had grown to be such a clamor for an "answer" to all the dreadful charges that were laid to me that the editors and leaders of my party said it would be political ruin for me to remain silent any longer. As if to make their appeal the more imperative, the following appeared in one of the papers the very next day:

BEHOLD THE MAN!--The independent candidate still maintains silence. Because he dare not speak. Every accusation against him has been amply proved, and they have been indorsed and reindorsed by his own eloquent silence, till at this day he stands forever convicted. Look upon your candidate, Independents! Look upon the Infamous Perjurer! the Montana Thief! the Body-Snatcher! Contemplate your incarnate Delirium Tremens! your Filthy Corruptionist! your Loathsome Embracer! Gaze upon him--ponder him well--and then say if you can give your honest votes to a creature who has earned this dismal array of titles by hishideous crimes, and dares not open his mouth in denial of any one of them!

There was no possible way of getting out of it, and so, in deep humiliation, I set about preparing to "answer" a mass of baseless charges and mean and wicked falsehoods. But I never finished the task, for the very next morning a paper came out with a new horror, a fresh malignity, and seriously charged me with burning a lunatic asylum with all its inmates, because it obstructed the view from my house. This threw me into a sort of panic. Then came the charge of poisoning my uncle to get his property, with an imperative demand that the grave should be opened. This drove me to the verge of distraction. On top of this I was accused of employing toothless and incompetent old relatives to prepare the food for the foundling' hospital when I warden. I was wavering--wavering. And at last, as a e and fitting climax to the shameless persecution that party rancor had inflicted upon me, nine little toddling children, of all shades of color and degrees of raggedness, were taught to rush onto the platform at a public meeting, and clasp me around the legs and call me PA!

I gave it up. I hauled down my colors and surrendered. I was not equal to the requirements of a Gubernatorial campaign in the state of New York, and so I sent in my withdrawal from the candidacy, and in bitterness of spirit signed it, "Truly yours, once a decent man, but now

"MARK TWAIN, LP., M.T., B.S., D.T., F.C., and L.E."

-THE END-

中文翻譯:

幾個月之前,我被提名為紐約州州長候選人,代表獨立黨與斯坦華脫·勒·伍福特先生和約翰·特·霍夫曼先生競選。我總覺得自己有超過這兩位先生的顯著的優點,那就是我的名聲好。從報上容易看出:如果說這兩位先生也曾知道愛護名聲的好處,那是以往的事。近幾年來,他們顯然已將各種無恥罪行視為家常便飯。當時,我雖然對自己的長處暗自慶幸,但是一想到我自己的名字得和這些人的名字混在一起到處傳播,總有一股不安的混濁潛流在我愉快心情的深處“翻攪”。我心裡越來越不安,最後我給祖母寫了封信,把這件事告訴她。她很快給我回了信,而且信寫得很嚴峻,她說:“你生平沒有做過一件對不起人的事——一件也沒有做過。你看看報紙吧——一看就會明白伍福特和霍夫曼先生是一種什麼樣子的人,然後再看你願不願意把自己降低到他們那樣的水平,跟他們一起競選。”

這也正是我的想法!那晚我一夜沒合眼。但我畢竟不能打退堂鼓。我已經完全卷進去了,只好戰斗下去。

當我一邊吃早飯,一邊無精打采地翻閱報紙時,看到這樣一段消息,說實在話,我以前還從來沒有這樣驚慌失措過:

“偽證罪——那就是1863年,在交趾支那的瓦卡瓦克,有34名證人證明馬克·吐溫先生犯有偽證罪,企圖侵佔一小塊香蕉種植地,那是當地一位窮寡婦和她那群孤兒靠著活命的唯一資源。現在馬克·吐溫先生既然在眾人面前出來競選州長,那麼他或許可以屈尊解釋一下如下事情的經過。吐溫先生不管是對自己或是對要求投票選舉他的偉大人民,都有責任澄清此事的真相。他願意這樣做嗎?”

我當時驚愕不已!竟有這樣一種殘酷無情的指控。我從來就沒有到過交趾支那!我從來沒聽說過什麼瓦卡瓦克!我也不知道什麼香蕉種植地,正如我不知道什麼是袋鼠一樣!我不知道要怎麼辦才好,我簡直要發瘋了,卻又毫無辦法。那一天我什麼事情也沒做,就讓日子白白溜過去了。第二天早晨,這家報紙再沒說別的什麼,只有這么一句話:

“意味深長——大家都會注意到:吐溫先生對交趾支那偽證案一事一直發人深省地保持緘默。”

〔備忘——在這場競選運動中,這家報紙以後但凡提到我時,必稱“臭名昭著的偽證犯吐溫”。〕

接著是《新聞報》,登了這樣一段話:

“需要查清——是否請新州長候選人向急於等著要投他票的同胞們解釋一下以下一件小事?那就是吐溫先生在蒙大那州野營時,與他住在同一帳篷的夥伴經常丟失小東西,後來這些東西一件不少地都從吐溫先生身上或“箱子”(即他卷藏雜物的報紙)里發現了。大家為他著想,不得不對他進行友好的告誡,在他身上塗滿柏油,粘上羽毛,叫他坐木杠①,把他攆出去,並勸告他讓出鋪位,從此別再回來。他願意解釋這件事嗎?”

難道還有比這種控告用心更加險惡的嗎?我這輩子根本就沒有到過蒙大那州呀。

〔此後,這家報紙照例叫我做“蒙大那的小偷吐溫”。〕

於是,我開始變得一拿起報紙就有些提心吊膽起來,正如同你想睡覺時拿起一床毯子,可總是不放心,生怕那裡面有條蛇似的。有一天,我看到這么一段消息:

“謊言已被揭穿!——根據五方位區的密凱爾·奧弗拉納根先生、華脫街的吉特·彭斯先生和約翰·艾倫先生三位的宣誓證書,現已證實:馬克·吐溫先生曾惡毒聲稱我們尊貴的領袖約翰·特·霍夫曼的祖父曾因攔路搶劫而被處絞刑一說,純屬粗暴無理之謊言,毫無事實根據。他毀謗亡人,以讕言玷污其美名,用這種下流手段來達到政治上的成功,使有道德之人甚為沮喪。當我們想到這一卑劣謊言必然會使死者無辜的親友蒙受極大悲痛時,幾乎要被迫煽動起被傷害和被侮辱的公眾,立即對誹謗者施以非法的報復。但是我們不這樣!還是讓他去因受良心譴責而感到痛苦吧。(不過,如果公眾義憤填膺,盲目胡來,對誹謗者進行人身傷害,很明顯,陪審員不可能對此事件的兇手們定罪,法庭也不可能對他們加以懲罰。)”

最後這句巧妙的話很起作用,當天晚上當“被傷害和被侮辱的公眾”從前進來時,嚇得我趕緊從床上爬起來,從後門溜走。他們義憤填膺,來時搗毀傢具和門窗,走時把能拿動的財物統統帶走。然而,我可以手按《聖經》起誓:我從沒誹謗過霍夫曼州長的祖父。而且直到那天為止,我從沒聽人說起過他,我自己也沒提到過他。

〔順便說一句,刊登上述新聞的那家報紙此後總是稱我為“拐屍犯吐溫”。〕

引起我注意的下一篇報上的文章是下面這段:

“好個候選人——馬克·吐溫先生原定於昨晚獨立黨民眾大會上作一次損傷對方的演說,卻未履行其義務。他的醫生打電報來稱他被幾匹狂奔的拉車的馬撞倒,腿部兩處負傷——卧床不起,痛苦難言等等,以及許多諸如此類的廢話。獨立黨的黨員們只好竭力聽信這一拙劣的托詞,假裝不知道他們提名為候選人的這個放盪不羈的傢伙未曾出席大會的真正原因。

有人見到,昨晚有一個人喝得酩酊大醉,搖搖晃晃地走進吐溫先生下榻的旅館。獨立黨人責無旁貸須證明那個醉鬼並非馬克·吐溫本人。這一下我們終於把他們抓住了。此事不容避而不答。人民以雷鳴般的呼聲詢問:‘那人是誰?’”

我的名字真的與這個丟臉的嫌疑聯在一起,這是不可思議的,絕對地不可思議。我已經有整整三年沒有喝過啤酒、葡萄酒或任何一種酒了。

〔這家報紙在下一期上大膽地稱我為“酒瘋子吐溫先生”,而且我知道,它會一直這樣稱呼下去,但我當時看了竟毫無痛苦,足見這種局勢對我有多大的影響。〕

那時我所收到的郵件中,匿名信佔了重要的部分。那些信一般是這樣寫的:

“被你從你寓所門口一腳踢開的那個要飯的老婆婆,現在怎麼樣了?”

好管閑事者

也有這樣寫的:

“你乾的一些事,除我之外沒人知道,你最好拿出幾塊錢來孝敬鄙人,不然,報上有你好看的。”

惹不起

大致就是這類內容。如果還想聽,我可以繼續引用下去,直到使讀者惡心。

不久,共和黨的主要報紙“宣判”我犯了大規模的賄賂罪,而民主黨最主要的報紙則把一樁大肆渲染敲詐案件硬“栽”在我頭上。

〔這樣,我又得到了兩個頭銜:“骯臟的賄賂犯吐溫”和“令人惡心的訛詐犯吐溫”。〕

這時候輿論嘩然,紛紛要我“答復”所有對我提出的那些可怕的指控。這就使得我們黨的報刊主編和領袖們都說,我如果再沉默不語,我的政治生命就要給毀了。好像要使他們的控訴更為迫切似的,就在第二天,一家報紙登了這樣一段話:

“明察此人!獨立黨這位候選人至今默不吭聲。因為他不敢說話。對他的每條控告都有證據,並且那種足以說明問題的沉默一再承認了他的罪狀,現在他永遠翻不了案了。獨立黨的黨員們,看看你們這位候選人吧!看看這位聲名狼藉的偽證犯!這位蒙大那的小偷!這位拐屍犯!好好看一看你們這個具體化的酒瘋子!你們這位骯臟的賄賂犯!你們這位令人惡心的訛詐犯!你們盯住他好好看一看,好好想一想——這個傢伙犯下了這么可怕的罪行,得了這么一連串倒霉的稱號,而且一條也不敢予以否認,看你們是否還願意把自己公正的選票投給他!”

我無法擺脫這種困境,只得深懷恥辱,准備著手“答復”那一大堆毫無根據的指控和卑鄙下流的謊言。但是我始終沒有完成這個任務,因為就在第二天,有一家報紙登出一個新的恐怖案件,再次對我進行惡意中傷,說因一家瘋人院妨礙我家的人看風景,我就將這座瘋人院燒掉,把院里的病人統統燒死了,這使我萬分驚慌。接著又是一個控告,說我為了吞占我叔父的財產而將他毒死,並且要求立即挖開墳墓驗屍。這使我幾乎陷入了精神錯亂的境地。在這些控告之上,還有人竟控告我在負責育嬰堂事務時僱用老掉了牙的、昏庸的親戚給育嬰堂做飯。我拿不定主意了——真的拿不定主意了。最後,黨派斗爭的積怨對我的無恥迫害達到了自然而然的高潮:有人教唆9個剛剛在學走路的包括各種不同膚色、穿著各種各樣的破爛衣服的小孩,沖到一次民眾大會的講台上來,緊緊抱住我的雙腿,叫我做爸爸!

我放棄了競選。我降下旗幟投降。我不夠競選紐約州州長運動所要求的條件,所以,我呈遞上退出候選人的聲明,並懷著痛苦的心情簽上我的名字:

“你忠實的朋友,過去是正派人,現在卻成了偽證犯、小偷、拐屍犯、酒瘋子、賄賂犯和訛詐犯的馬克·吐溫。”

(1870年)

①坐木杠;這是當時美國的一種私刑。把認為犯有罪行的人綁住,身上塗上柏油,粘上羽毛,讓他跨坐在一根木棍上,抬著他遊街示眾。——譯注

>>>點擊下載全文

❸ 馬克吐溫短篇小說有哪些

馬克吐溫的作品有《苦行記》,《競選州長》,《案中案》,《卡縣名蛙》,《百萬英鎊》,《三萬元遺產》 等。

1、《苦行記》。是馬克·吐溫的一部半自傳體著作,寫他1861年——1866年間在美國西部地區的冒險生活。

2、《競選州長》。是美國作家馬克·吐溫創作的短篇小說。小說講述了「我」在參加一次競選活動中所遭受到的種種駭人聽聞的誣蔑和打擊的故事。

3、《卡縣名蛙》。小說的基本題材來自美國西部邊疆,原來這些賭徒軼事僅在邊疆流傳,但經馬克·吐溫的加工改造後,「跳蛙」故事迅速傳遍美國,成為家喻戶曉的經典笑料。

4、《百萬英鎊》。是美國作家馬克·吐溫創作的中短篇小說,發表於1893年。講述了一個窮困潦倒的辦事員美國小夥子亨利·亞當斯在倫敦的一次奇遇。

5、《三萬元遺產》。是馬克·吐溫的著作,描寫的是湖濱鎮薩拉丁·福斯特一家意外得知遠房族叔留下三萬元遺產之後的故事。

❹ 馬克·吐溫作品的英語書名,要英文的書名

馬克·吐溫作品的英語書名:

TheInnocentsAbr:《傻瓜國外旅行記》

Running for Governor:《競選州長》

The Gilded Age:《鍍金時代》

Life on the Mississippi:《密西西比河上的生活》

Following the Equator:《赤道旅行記》

馬克·吐溫(1835年11月30日-1910年4月21日 ),原名薩繆爾·蘭亨·克萊門(Samuel Langhorne Clemens),美國作家、演說家,「馬克·吐溫」是他的筆名,原是密西西比河水手使用的表示在航道上所測水的深度的術語。

馬克·吐溫是美國批判現實主義文學的奠基人,馬克·吐溫一生寫了大量作品,題材涉及小說、劇本、散文、詩歌等各方面。他經歷了美國從初期資本主義到帝國主義的發展過程,其思想和創作也表現為從輕快調笑到辛辣諷刺再到悲觀厭世的發展階段,前期以辛辣的諷刺見長,到了後期語言更為暴露激烈。

(4)馬克吐溫短篇小說中英擴展閱讀

1、藝術特色

(1)馬克·吐溫在西部幽默傳統的基礎上,發揮極度誇張的藝術想像。

(2)馬克·吐溫作品常常以第一人稱「我」為主人公,這個「我」像中國相聲里的主人公一樣,扮演各種喜劇性人物。 馬克·吐溫用天真老實人做主人公是有意識的。主人公總是懷著某種理想或某種單純的想法,但在現實中處處碰壁,說明他這個理想是不現實的,行不通的,而他越不明白這一點,就越現出理想與現實之間的差距。

2、人物評價

馬克·吐溫是獨一無二的,無法相比的,他是美國文學中的林肯。(美國評論家威廉·豪威爾斯評)

馬克·吐溫是第一位真正的美國作家,我們都是繼承他而來。(美國作家威廉·福克納評)

❺ 馬克·吐溫的作品【英文】

The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg
Roughing It
A Double Barrelled Detective Story
The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County
The Million Pound Note
The $30,000 Bequest
The Story Of The Bad Little Boy
Cannibalism in the Cars
Facts Concerning The Recent Resignation
Journalism In Tennessee
The Story Of The Good Little Boy
The How I Edited An Agricultural Paper
The Facts In The Case Of The Great Beef Contract
My Late Senatorial Secretaryship
Goldsmiths Friend Abroad Again
A Mysterious Visit
The True Story
The Great French Duel
The Californian's Tale
Is He living or is He dead?
Travelling with a Reformer
A Dog's Tale
The Prince and the Pauper
《競選州長》
《湯姆•索亞歷險記》(1876年)
《乞丐王子》(1882年)
《頑童流浪記》(1884年)
《卡縣名蛙》
《百萬英鎊》
《敗壞了哈德萊堡的人》
《三萬元遺產》
《案中案》
《苦行記》
《壞孩子的故事》
《火車上的噬人事件》
《我最近辭職的事實經過》
《田納西的新聞界》
《好孩子的故事》
《我怎樣編輯農業報》
《大宗牛肉合同的事件始末》
《我給參議員當秘書的經歷》
《康州美國佬奇遇記》(1889年)
《哥爾斯密的朋友再度出洋》
《神秘的訪問》
《一個真實的故事》
《法國人大決斗》
《稀奇的經驗》
《加利福尼亞人的故事》
《他是否還在人間》
《和移風易俗者一起上路》
《狗的自述》
《鍍金時代》
《人的五大恩賜》
《傻子旅行》
《哈克貝利芬歷險記》
《密西西比河上的生活》

❻ 馬克·吐溫作品的英語書名,要英文的書名

《哈克貝里·芬歷險記》Huck Finn sawyer,berry
《湯姆·索亞歷險記》Tom Sawyer
《敗壞了哈德萊堡的人》Corrupt Hudson fort riley
《百萬英鎊》Million pounds
《我給參議員當秘書的經歷》 I give senator when secretary experience
《王子與貧兒》A prince and a pauper
《馬克吐溫自傳》Mark Twain autobiography
《狗的自述》 The dog profile
《一個真實的故事》 A true story
《加利福尼亞人的故事》The story of the people of California

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