勞倫斯短篇小說的鑒賞方法

① ticket please中文賞析是什麼

《請買票》是D.H.勞倫斯（1885-1930）的小說作品。一個名叫約翰•托馬斯的年輕電車線路監票員勾搭上了一個名叫安妮的年輕女售票員，而當他知道安妮在認真對待他的好感時，他又拋棄了她。安妮糾合了一些曾受過約翰•托馬斯同樣對待的姑娘一起商定給他點厲害瞧瞧。

她們雖然揍了他幾下而且還撕破了他的短上衣，但並沒有傷得他很厲害。約翰•托馬斯走了，姑娘們呢，卻對自己的所作所為感到惶惑不解，有點昏昏然，甚至有點懼怕。

這篇小說雖然安置了許多情節，甚至有劇烈的情節，卻沒有什麼結局。約翰•托馬斯和安妮可以推知會各走各的路。小說也確是用一句懸而未決的話來結束的。粗心的讀者很可能會因小說的這種結尾感到茫然，從而對它不加理會。

《請買票》是勞倫斯的短篇小說：

雖然不像他《查泰萊夫人的情人》那樣經典和出名，也是無差別地展現了勞倫斯寫作的經典3元素：「煤炭」、「兩性「、「游盪」，他父親是煤礦工人，對母親有反常的依戀，一生帶著病漂泊在外。

第一次讀《請買票》覺得應該是描寫年輕人遇到渣男，描寫的是愛情中的不知所措和那種混沌不知、渾不吝。可看完《D.H.勞倫斯傳》了解他的原生家庭、成長背景和親密關系互動，發現這部短片小說更像是弗洛伊德式的心理分析--就是力比多，也是弗洛伊德「性慾論」的重要內容之一。

② 勞倫斯《請買票》中的第一段為什麼要這樣安排

這樣安排是為後面做鋪墊
英國20世紀被受爭議的作家德.赫.勞倫斯在探索人類內心世界,強調性慾在人本性中的作用等方面與西格蒙德.弗洛伊德有著異曲同工的承繼關系。勞倫斯的作品常常被評論家引用作為精神分析不可多得的素材,但是對其短篇小說《請買票》的心理學研究卻是鳳毛麟角。
本文沿襲精神分析的視角,從人格結構理論出發,通過分析人物復雜而多變的內心世界,探究勞倫斯在小說中所描繪的本我與超我的激烈碰撞,從而在充分理解小說獨創性的基礎上,揭示勞倫斯的兩性觀和倫理觀。

③ 勞倫斯小說創作的特點

勞倫斯小說創作的特點：多以心理深度挖掘見長，善於比喻和象徵；結構靈活多變，不拘一格；自然主義和象徵主義是創作的主要要素。

大衛·赫伯特·勞倫斯是20世紀英國作家，是20世紀英語文學中最重要的人物之一，也是最具爭議性的作家之一。主要成就包括小說、詩歌、戲劇、散文、游記和書信。

勞倫斯的小說作品中最著名的包括《兒子與情人》（1913）、《虹》（1915）、《戀愛中的女人》（1920）和《查泰萊夫人的情人》（1928）。

這些小說中故事發生的地點都在作家的故鄉諾丁漢郡，一個自然條件惡劣的礦區。盡管現實生活中的勞倫斯選擇了背井離鄉，卻一次又一次地在自己的小說中描寫這個生養他的地方。

(3)勞倫斯短篇小說的鑒賞方法擴展閱讀：

人物爭議

由於勞倫斯創作基本仍屬於現實主義范疇，書中對情感和性愛的描繪顯得非常直白，毫不隱諱。這在他所處的時代中是很罕見的。《虹》就曾因為其中包含的女同性戀情節而一度被禁，而一位出版商則聲稱：「《兒子與情人》是我讀過的最淫穢的一本書」。

《查泰萊夫人的情人》曾經在英國引發了一場重大的淫穢丑聞。由於書中對性愛露骨的描寫（或許也因為「情人」是來自於工人階級），英國法院甚至以「猥褻罪」為名立案審查。然而其出版機構「企鵝圖書」最終贏得了這場官司。

④ 勞倫斯的作品 木馬贏家 的評論

why not google search "rocking horse winner":)
you may find out numerous comments on it by clicking "search"
"The Rocking-Horse Winner" Lawrence, D. H.

English novelist, poet, and short story writer.

The following entry presents criticism of Lawrence's short story "The Rocking-Horse Winner," first published in 1926 in the anthology The Ghost Book, edited by Lady Cynthia Asquith. For an overview of Lawrence's short fiction, see SSC Volume 4.

INTRODUCTION
The account of a young boy's search for luck and love in an dispassionate world, "The Rocking-Horse Winner" is hailed by some critics as a technically perfect short story. Frequently anthologized and exhaustively analyzed, "The Rocking-Horse Winner" has scholars divided over interpretations—whether it is a social commentary on money and relationships in a capitalist society, a psychoanalytic exploration of sexuality and the Oedipus complex, or a simple fable of a boy searching for identity and love.

Plot and Major Characters

"The Rocking-Horse Winner" traces the actions of its young hero, Paul, who lives with his parents and two sisters in a fairly affluent neighborhood. As stated in the story, the family "lived in style," but a feeling persists in the household that there is never enough money. Soon the house is "haunted by an unspoken phrase: There must be more money!" Paul confronts his mother about the family's lack of wealth, and she responds by telling him that luck is what causes someone to have money and that his father is a very unlucky man. Paul reacts by telling her that he is lucky, and when she rejects this statement, it angers him. Seeking some way to attract luck, Paul begins to ride his wooden rocking-horse at a frenzied pace, his eyes glassed over as he whips at the toy. In this manner, he believes that he can arrive at the place "where there is luck." On repeated occasions, Paul rides the rocking-horse into such a delirium that his sisters are afraid to approach. Later, Uncle Oscar visits the house and discovers that Paul and the gardener, Bassett, have been wagering money on horse racing and that Paul has been able to predict winning horses after his trance-like rides on the rocking-horse. Paul confesses that he started gambling to become lucky and win money for his mother, thereby stopping the house from whispering. Uncle Oscar teams with Bassett and Paul, and they soon make a tidy profit from Paul's predictions.

For his mother's birthday, Paul anonymously gives her five thousand pounds. Instead of the money calming the whispers, however, the house begins to scream in an ecstatic voice: "There must be more money!—more than
"The Rocking-Horse Winner" Lawrence, D. H
ever! More than ever!" Paul's predictions soon become inaccurate, and as the time of the Derby grows near, he becomes increasingly agitated with the fact that he has not had any luck lately. He begins to ride the rocking-horse at a mad and frightening pace. After coming home from a party one night, the mother hears a "strange, heavy, and yet not loud noise" as she stands outside Paul's bedroom. She opens the door and turns on the light to discover Paul thrashing about on the rocking-horse. "It's Malabar!," he screams before crashing to the ground and lapsing into unconsciousness. Paul remains ill with "some brain-fever" for three days. Uncle Oscar and Bassett bet on Malabar in the Derby and make money for themselves and for Paul. At the story's conclusion, Paul briefly regains consciousness and explains to his mother that he is lucky. He dies later that night, and Uncle Oscar proclaims that "he's best gone out of a life where he rides a rocking-horse to find a winner."
Major Themes

In depicting a prosperous household that still hungers for money, "The Rocking-Horse Winner" resembles many of Lawrence's other fictional critiques of materialism and modern society. Paul's mother desires wealth and material possessions to the exclusion of more valuable items such as love and self-knowledge. Her desires are never satisfied, however, and they result in disastrous consequences when love and money are confused. A sexual subtext—another element found in many of Lawrence's works—also seems to be present in the story. Scholars have noted that the descriptions of Paul riding his rocking-horse have an erotic quality, and these scenes have been interpreted as representations of sex and masturbation. Since these quasi-sexual actions are focused on pleasing Paul's mother, and since Paul's father has proven incapable of satisfying his wife, many critics believe that the story draws on the concepts of psychologist Sigmund Freud. Freud maintained that young boys are sexually attracted to their mothers and fantasize about replacing their fathers—a condition he termed the Oedipus complex. Other analysts have placed less emphasis on the sexual aspects of the story and instead view Paul's actions as a tragic attempt to win parental love from his hard-hearted mother.
Critical Reception

Many of Lawrence's works are controversial, and "The Rocking-Horse Winner" is no exception. The story has generated a large amount of scholarly debate and has been compared to a wide range of other works, including classic myths, parables, and the writings of Charles Dickens, among many others. In his 1958 essay on "The Rocking-Horse Winner," W. D. Snodgrass presented an interpretation that has become the jumping-off point for many of the later analyses of the story. Snodgrass's essay considers the socio-economic, religious, and, especially, the sexual aspects of the story, focusing on Lawrence's use of symbols. Other critics have further highlighted the Freudian aspects of the work and have interpreted it in regard to economic theories and spiritual allusions. "The Rocking-Horse Winner" has been criticized for its didactic qualities, but other critics have noted its restraint in presenting Lawrence's opinions, at least in comparison with many of the author's other writings. Though the story continues to stimulate debate, analysts are largely agreed that the plot, description, dialogue, and symbolism of the story are presented with great skill. "The Rocking-Horse Winner' approaches technical perfection," according to Caroline Gordon and Allen Tate. "An artistic intelligence functions in it, consciously or unconsciously, giving the story a powerful dramatic impact."
譯文
「搖馬者」勞倫斯，D。
英國小說家、詩人、短篇小說作家。
以下是勞倫斯的短篇小說《木馬贏家的批評，「在選鬼書1926首次出版，由夫人辛西婭阿斯奎斯編輯。對勞倫斯短篇小說的概述，參見SSC 4卷。
景區簡介
一個年輕的男孩尋找運氣，在冷靜的世界愛的帳戶，《木馬贏家」被一些評論家譽為技術上完美的短篇小說。經常選集和詳盡分析，《木馬贏家」有學者在解釋無論是在資本主義社會，金錢和關系的社會評論分，精神分析的探索性和俄狄浦斯情結，或一個小男孩尋找身份和愛的寓言。
情節和主要人物
「搖擺馬」的英雄，保羅，誰與他的父母和姐妹在一個相當富裕的社區的行動的痕跡。正如故事中所述，家庭「生活在風格」，但一種感覺仍然存在於家庭中，沒有足夠的錢。很快，房子就被一個不可說出的話縈繞在心頭：那一定是有更多的錢！保羅面對母親的家庭缺少財富，她告訴他，運氣是什麼原因導致某人有錢，他的父親是一個非常不幸的人。保羅的反應是告訴她，他是幸運的，當她拒絕了這一說法，這激怒了他。尋找一些方法來吸引好運氣，保羅開始騎搖木馬以瘋狂的速度，他的眼睛上面他鞭子在玩具。在這種方式下，他相信他能到達「那裡是幸運的地方」，在反復的場合，保羅騎著搖馬到這樣的一個精神錯亂，他的姐妹們害怕接近。後來，奧斯卡叔叔參觀房子，發現保羅和園丁，巴塞特，已投注的錢在賽馬和保羅已經能夠預測獲勝的馬他恍惚的搖馬騎後。保羅承認，他開始賭博成為幸運贏得他母親的錢，使房子從竊竊私語。巴塞特叔叔和奧斯卡和保羅的團隊，他們很快就從保羅的預測中賺取了可觀的利潤。
母親的生日，保羅以匿名的方式給了她五千英鎊。這些錢沒有平靜的低語，然而，房子開始在狂喜的聲音尖叫：「必須有更多的錢！•超過
「搖馬者」勞倫斯，D
曾經！比以往任何時候都多！」保羅的預測很快就變得不準確了，隨著比賽的臨近，他變得越來越不安，這一事實最近他沒有運氣了。他開始騎著一匹瘋狂而可怕的速度騎著木馬。一天晚上回家後，母親聽到她站在保羅的卧室外，聽到了一聲「奇怪、沉重、但又不吵的聲音」。她打開門，打開燈發現保羅倒行逆施的木馬。」是馬拉巴爾！之前，」他尖叫聲轟然倒地，陷入昏迷。保羅病了三天，「有些腦熱」。奧斯卡叔叔和巴塞特賭馬拉巴爾德比賺錢為自己和保羅。在故事的最後，保羅暫時恢復了意識並解釋了他的母親，他是幸運的。他死的那天晚上，和叔叔奧斯卡宣稱，「他最好離開生活在那裡，他騎木馬尋找贏家。」
主要主題
在描繪一個富裕的家庭，仍然渴望金錢，《木馬贏家」像勞倫斯的許多其他小說批判唯物主義和現代社會。保羅的母親慾望的物質財富，為更多的有價值的物品如愛和自我排斥。然而，她的慾望是永遠不會滿足的，當愛情和金錢被迷惑時，他們會帶來災難性的後果。一個「性」的另一個元素在許多勞倫斯的作品似乎也在故事中出現。有學者注意到，保羅騎著他的木馬的描述有一個色情的質量，這些場景被解釋為表示性和手淫。由於這些准性行為都集中在取悅保羅的母親，而保羅的父親已經證明無法滿足他的妻子，許多評論家認為，故事吸引心理學家佛洛伊德西格蒙德的概念。佛洛伊德認為，年輕的男孩們吸引和性幻想取代fathers-a條件他稱俄狄浦斯情結。其他分析人士則更不重視故事的性方面，而把保羅的行為視為一種悲劇性的嘗試，試圖從他母親的努力中獲得父母的愛。