世紀文學小說短篇

Ⅰ 請大家推薦幾本上世紀經典文學小說！！

海底兩萬里、白空型鯨、小婦人、巴黎聖母院、紅與黑、傲慢與偏見、簡·愛、茶花女橘虧首、名人傳、魯賓遜漂流記、鋼鐵是怎樣煉成的、歐葉妮·葛朗台、十日談、昆蟲記、紅字、復活……
這些都不錯，以前班圓數上的同學都爭著看的！

Ⅱ 19世紀以後的，中國文學類 中篇短篇小說推薦幾篇

魯迅《狂人日記》錢鍾書：《圍城》張愛玲：《金鎖記》《傾城之戀》沈從文《邊城》余華《或者》巴金《家》《春》《秋》丁玲《莎菲女士的日記》 《太陽照在桑乾河上》

Ⅲ 推薦幾本外國的短篇小說集!

莫泊桑短篇小說集
契訶夫短篇小說集
茨威格短篇小說集
馬克.吐溫短篇小說集
竊賊(阿·康帕尼爾)
情書(岩井俊二)
永遠佔有(格雷厄姆·格林)
化石街(島田莊司)
棋逢對手(西瑞爾·哈爾)
首領(卡拉維洛夫)
熱愛生命(傑克·倫敦)
螞蟻
(博里斯·維昂)
蠢豬
(馬萊巴)
品酒
(羅·達爾)
打不碎的雞蛋
(馬萊巴)
勞駕，快點！(圖戈依)
品酒
(羅·達爾)

Ⅳ 《老舍精選集世紀文學六十家》epub下載在線閱讀，求百度網盤雲資源

《老舍精選集配喚拿》（老舍）電子書網盤下載免費在線閱讀

鏈接：https://pan..com/s/1E5TWD73GKS8eg451Q_g6Xg

書名：老舍精選集

作者培搭：老舍

豆瓣評分：9.0

出版社：北京燕山出版社

出版年份：2010-3

頁數：459

內容簡介：

《老舍精選集》收錄了這位藝術《老舍精選集》收錄了老舍先生的著名小說《駱駝祥子》《正紅旗下》（未完）《月牙兒》《斷魂槍》話劇《茶館》。《茶館》堪稱二十世紀中國話劇經典，劇本發表於1957年7月《收獲》創刊號。北京人民藝術劇院曾於1958年、1963年、1979年等多次成功搬上舞台，受到熱烈歡迎與好評；1980年、1983年，又曾幾度赴德、法、瑞、日等國家演出，都曾鏈做引起轟動，獲得高度贊揚，為中國話劇藝術贏得了國際聲譽。《駱駝祥子》作為了經典篇目入選語文課本，它的語言靈動有神，隨物賦形，聽其聲辨其人，觀其景入其境，確有名副其實的引人入勝之效。

作者簡介：

老舍，原名舒慶春，字舍予。滿族人，生於北京。1918年畢業於北京師范學校。1924年起先後任英國倫敦大學東方學院中文講師、齊魯大學、山東大學教授。1938年任中華全國文藝界抗敵協會理事兼總務部主任。1946年應邀與曹禺赴美國講學。新中國成立後回國，先後擔任全國文聯和全國作協副主席兼北京文聯主席，並被北京市人民政府授予「人民藝術家」稱號。1966年「文革」中不堪凌辱，投太平湖自盡。主要作品有：長篇小說《老張的哲學》、《趙子日》、《駱駝祥子》等，中篇小說《月牙兒》、《我這一輩子》，短篇小說集《趕集》、《櫻海集》等，話劇劇本《龍須溝》、《茶館》等。

Ⅳ 對十九世紀文學作品有影響力大的短篇小說作家是誰

有查爾斯·狄更斯，沃爾特惠特曼，華盛頓歐文，愛倫坡，赫爾曼梅爾塵啟備維爾，拉爾夫沃爾多愛默生，旁雀亨利大衛梭羅，雅各布里斯，瑪格麗特富勒，查爾斯·達爾文等等的作家派毀的

Ⅵ 巴金的短篇小說

短篇小說集

1、《英雄的故事》，1953

2、《明珠和玉姬》，1957，少年兒童出版社

3、《復仇》，1931，新中國書局

4、《光明》，1932，新中國書局

5、《電椅》，1933，新中國書局

6、《抹布》，1933，北平星雲堂書店

7、《將軍》，1934，生活書局

8、《神·鬼·人》，1935，文化生活出版社

9、《沉落》（又名《淪落》），1936，商務印書館

10、《發的故事》，1936，文化生活出版社

11、《雷》，1937，文化生活出版社

12、《還魂草》，1942，文化生活出版社

13、《小人小事》，1943，文化生活出版社

14、《豬與雞》，1959，作家出版社

15、《李大海》，1961，作家出版社

巴金（1904年11月25日－2005年10月17日），原名李堯棠，字芾甘，男，漢族，四川成都人，祖籍浙江嘉興，中國現代文學家、出版家、翻譯家。同時也被譽為是「五四」新文化運動以來最有影響力的作家之一，是20世紀中國傑出的文學大師、中國當代文壇的巨匠。

作品久被翻譯成各國文字，1949年之後再無長篇小說面世。妻子蕭珊，1944年5月結婚。1983年3月起，巴金連續五次當選全國政協副主席，任職直到去世為止。

(6)世紀文學小說短篇擴展閱讀：

主題思想

一、真善思想

巴金文學思想的核心為：真與善。這兩點之間，「真」是巴金文學思想的生命，是核心，「善」是巴金文學思想的基點，是價值。巴金文學思想中的善是人的絕對自由追求的價值觀，這主要得益於他早期所接觸的無政府主義思想。

無政府主義思想提倡個體之間的自助關系，關注個體的自由和平等。而巴金處女作的《滅亡》則把他反專制的憎和對人類的愛的這兩面作了非常青春激情的表述，而後的《家》則更為直接的體現了他對限制個人自由的封建的主義的無情的控訴。

後期，《火》《第四病室》《憩園》《寒夜》，都體現了對40年代中國社會黑暗的揭露與批判。《火》對抗戰的直接描寫，《第四病室》對社會底層黑暗的揭露，《憩園》對不平等社會的反思，《寒夜》對社會黑暗的控訴。

到了晚期的巴金對於「善」的思考則更加帶有更明確的社會內涵，這個內涵，主要是通過對文化大革命的反思來體現，即反對文化專制、反對長官意志、反對粉飾現實、懺悔自己精神上的軟弱，認為整個民族都應該懺悔和反思。於是他也響亮地提出，要建立文革博物館 。

二、批判封建

巴金的封建批判思想主要體現在對封建家庭的批判。在《家》中，巴金把封建家庭看作是黑暗專制的王國，又把高老太爺一類的家長視為「封建統治的君主」，很顯然，他是明確地把「家」與「國」、「家長」和「國君「對應地聯系在一起了，就是說，他己看清了中國封建社會里「國」與「家」的同質結構關系。

所謂君君巨臣父父子子的上下尊卑的等級關系，就是這一同質結構的最好說明。在這個意義上，完全可以說國是擴大了的家，家是縮小了的國。不論在家還是在國，所實行的都是專制的家族統治，人處其中，受到同質結構關系的約制，使人性扭曲，個性不得張揚和發展。

所以，巴金「禮教的監牢」和「狹的籠」這些家的喻象也是指向封建國家的，他所創作的家庭小說是對整個家族制度進行批判的

Ⅶ 20世紀外國文學作品有

表現主義：卡夫卡奧地利小說家長篇小說《審判》（ 1925 ）、《城堡》（ 1926 ）、《美國》（ 1927 ）、中短篇小說集《觀察》（ 1939 ）、《變形記》（ 1915 ）、《在流放地》（ 1919 ）、《鄉村醫生》（ 1920 ）、《飢餓藝術家》（ 1924 ）。
意識流：艾杜阿、杜夏丹，法國小說家。《月桂樹被砍掉了》（ 1887 ）。
馬塞爾·普魯魯斯特，法國小說家。長篇小說《追憶似水年華》。
威廉·福克納，同美國小說家。長篇小說《喧嘩與騷動》（ 1929 ）、《我彌留之際》（ 1930 ）獲得 1949 年諾貝爾文學獎。
詹姆斯·喬伊斯英國小說家《青年藝術家的畫像》（ 1916 ）、《尤利西斯》（ 1922 ）、《芬尼根們的蘇醒》（ 1939 ）。
弗吉尼亞·伍爾夫英國小說家。《達羅衛夫人》（ 1925 ）、《副燈塔去》（ 1927 ）、《浪》（ 1931 ）。
存在主義：薩特，法國小說家，短篇小說集《牆》（ 1939 ）、獲得 1964 年諾貝爾獎。長篇小說《惡心》（ 1938 ）、劇本《蒼蠅》（ 1942 ）、《間隔》（ 1945 ）、《死無葬身之地》（ 1946 ）、《骯臟的手》（ 1948 ）、《魔鬼與上帝》（ 1951 ）、長篇小說《自由之路》（ 1945-1949 ）、哲學著作《存在虛無》（ 1943 ）、《存在主義是一種人道主義》（ 1947 ）、自傳《詞語》（ 1955-1964 ）。
加繆，法國小說家。長篇小說《鼠疫》（ 1947 ）中篇小說《局外人》（ 1942 ）、《隨落》（ 1956 ）、短篇小說集《流放與王國》（ 1957 ）、散文集《反與正》（ 1937 ）、《婚禮》（ 1939 ）、哲學隨筆《西西弗的神話》（ 1942 ）、《反抗者》（ 1951 ）。
新小說派：娜塔麗·薩洛特：法國小說家。《向性》（ 1932 ）、《一個陌生人的肖像》（ 1947 ）、《天象館》（ 1959 ）、《金果》（ 1963 ）、論文集《懷疑的時代》（ 1956 ）、自傳《童年》（ 1985 ）、米歇爾·布托爾：法國小說家《米蘭弄堂》（ 1954 ）、《時間的運用》（ 1956 ，又譯成時間表）、《變》（ 1957 ）、《變》（ 1960 ）、克洛德、西蒙，法國小說家 1958 年獲諾貝文學獎，《草》（ 1958 ）、《弗蘭德公路》（ 1981 ）、《風》（ 1957 ）。
羅伯·格里耶，法國小說家。小說《橡皮》（ 1953 ）、《窺視者》（ 1955 ）、《嫉妒》（ 1957 ）、《在迷宮中》（ 1959 ）、《快照》（ 1962 ）、《反復》（ 2001 ）等，電影小說《去年在馬里安巴》（ 1961 ）、傳奇故事《重現的鏡子》（ 1985 ）。
魔幻現實主義：
胡里奧·科塔薩爾（ 1914-1984 ）阿根廷作家 。
何塞·多諾索（ 1924-1996 ），智利作家。
加西亞·馬爾克斯（ 1928- ）哥倫比亞作家 , 獲 1982 年諾爾貝文學獎，長篇小說《百年孤獨》（ 1967 ）。
中篇小說《枯枝敗葉》（ 1955 ）、《沒有人給他寫信的上校》（ 1961 ）短篇小說集《格郎德大娘的葬禮》（ 1962 ）《惡時辰》（ 1962 ）、長篇小說《家長的沒落》（ 1975 ）《霍亂時期的愛情》（ 1985 ）。
卡洛斯·富恩特斯（ 1928- ），墨西哥作家。《最明凈的地區》（ 1958 ）《阿爾特米奧·克魯斯之死》（ 1962 ）。
阿菜霍·卡彭鐵爾（ 1904-1980 ），古巴作家。長篇小說《人間王國》（ 1949 ）、《消失了的足跡》（ 1953 ）、《光明世紀》（又譯成啟蒙世紀）（ 1962 ），《方法的根源》（ 1974 ）。
阿斯圖里亞斯（ 1899-1974 ），瓜地馬拉作家。長篇小說《玉米人》（ 1949 ）、《瓜地馬拉傳說》（ 1930 ）《總統先生》（ 1946 ），獲 1967 諾貝爾文學獎。
何塞·瑪利亞·阿爾格達斯（ 1911-1969 ）秘魯作家
胡安·魯爾福（ 1918-1986 ）墨西哥作家，中篇小說《佩德羅·巴拉莫》（ 1955 ）。

Ⅷ 二十世紀的外國文學作品有哪些

《化身博士》 《羅馬假日》 《威尼斯商人》 《羅密歐與主力也》 《科學怪人》 《夜訪吸血鬼》 《飄》 《阿甘正傳》 《亂世佳人》 亂世佳人》《簡愛》《紅與黑》《巴黎聖母院》 《悲慘世界》《戰爭與和平》《茶花女》《魯濱遜漂流記》 〈基督山伯爵〉〈名利場〉〈卡門〉〈純真年代〉 〈小婦人〉〈呼嘯山莊〉〈蝴蝶夢〉〈紅字〉〈牛虻〉 〈安娜·卡列尼娜〉 莎士比亞的作品也是經常被拍成電影的，版本也數不勝數~~~ 〈威尼斯商人〉〈羅密歐與朱麗亞〉〈王子復仇記〉〈哈姆雷特〉 〈仲夏夜之夢〉〈麥克百〉〈李爾王〉 狄更斯的作品有:〈霧都孤兒〉〈遠大前程〉〈艱難時世〉 〈雙城記〉〈大衛·科伯菲爾〉〈我們共同的朋友〉 奧斯汀的小說其實除了〈傲慢與偏見〉，還有〈理智與情感〉 〈勸導〉〈愛瑪〉〈曼斯菲爾德庄園〉都被改編成電影了，而且還有很多版本 當然英國BBC的Colin Firth的<傲慢與偏見〉這個版本是最經典

Ⅸ 世界文壇三大「短篇小說之王」分別是哪三位呢

三大「短篇小說之王」分別是：莫泊桑、契訶夫和歐·亨利。

1、歐·亨利

歐·亨利，美國短篇小說家、美國現代短篇小說創始人，是「世界三大短篇小說巨匠」之一。其主要作品有《麥琪的禮物》《警察與贊美詩》《最後一片葉子》《二十年後》等。

歐·亨利與契訶夫和莫泊桑並列世界三大短篇小說巨匠，曾被評論界譽為曼哈頓桂冠散文作家和美國現代短篇小說之父，他的作品有「美國生活的網路全書」之譽。

莫泊桑的創作特點：

1、主題

莫泊桑一生創作了350多部中短篇小說，在揭露上層統治者及其毒化下的社會風氣的同時，對被侮辱被損害的小人物寄予深切同情。

短篇的主題大致可歸納為3個方面：第一是諷刺虛榮心和拜金主義，如《項鏈》《我的叔叔於勒》；第二是描寫勞動人民的悲慘遭遇，贊頌其正直、淳樸、寬厚的品格，如《歸來》；第三是描寫普法戰爭，反映法國人民愛國情緒，如《羊脂球》。

2、手法

對人物的描繪上，莫泊桑並不追求色彩濃重的形象、表情誇張的面目、誇張的生平與難以置信的遭遇，而是致力於描寫「處於常態的感情、靈魂和理智的發展」，表現人物內心的真實與本性的自然，通過人物在日常生活中的自然狀態與在一定情勢下必然有的最合情理的行動、舉止，來揭示其內在心理與性格的真實。

在莫泊桑的短篇里，也曾出現過一些不平凡的、有英雄行為的人物，莫泊桑短篇小說在人物描寫上的現實主義藝術，總的來說，就是人物形象的自然化與英雄人物的平凡化，這兩個特點使他不是與過去的小說藝術，而是與他之後的現代小說的寫實藝術聯系了起來。

以上內容參考 網路-歐·亨利、網路-莫泊桑、網路-契訶夫

Ⅹ 世界著名短篇小說

THE GIFT OF THE
One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies. Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty- seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas.

There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl. So Della did it. Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs, sniffles, and smiles, with sniffles predominating.

While the mistress of the home is graally subsiding from the first stage to the second, take a look at the home. A furnished flat at $8 per week. It did not exactly beggar description, but it certainly had that word on the lookout for the mendicancy squad.

In the vestibule below was a letter-box into which no letter would go, and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring. Also appertaining thereunto was a card bearing the name "Mr. James Dillingham Young."

The "Dillingham" had been flung to the breeze ring a former period of prosperity when its possessor was being paid $30 per week. Now, when the income was shrunk to $20, though, they were thinking seriously of contracting to a modest and unassuming D. But whenever Mr. James Dillingham Young came home and reached his flat above he was called "Jim" and greatly hugged by Mrs. James Dillingham Young, already introced to you as Della. Which is all very good.

Della finished her cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag. She stood by the window and looked out lly at a gray cat walking a gray fence in a gray backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result. Twenty dollars a week doesn't go far. Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. They always are. Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him. Something fine and rare and sterling--something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim.

There was a pier-glass between the windows of the room. Perhaps you have seen a pier-glass in an $8 flat. A very thin and very agile person may, by observing his reflection in a rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtain a fairly accurate conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered the art.

Suddenly she whirled from the window and stood before the glass. her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds. Rapidly she pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length.

Now, there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they both took a mighty pride. One was Jim's gold watch that had been his father's and his grandfather's. The other was Della's hair. Had the queen of Sheba lived in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the window some day to dry just to depreciate Her Majesty's jewels and gifts. Had King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck at his beard from envy.

So now Della's beautiful hair fell about her rippling and shining like a cascade of brown waters. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a garment for her. And then she did it up again nervously and quickly. Once she faltered for a minute and stood still while a tear or two splashed on the worn red carpet.

On went her old brown jacket; on went her old brown hat. With a whirl of skirts and with the brilliant sparkle still in her eyes, she fluttered out the door and down the stairs to the street.

Where she stopped the sign read: "Mne. Sofronie. Hair Goods of All Kinds." One flight up Della ran, and collected herself, panting. Madame, large, too white, chilly, hardly looked the "Sofronie."

"Will you buy my hair?" asked Della.

"I buy hair," said Madame. "Take yer hat off and let's have a sight at the looks of it."

Down rippled the brown cascade.

"Twenty dollars," said Madame, lifting the mass with a practised hand.

"Give it to me quick," said Della.

Oh, and the next two hours tripped by on rosy wings. Forget the hashed metaphor. She was ransacking the stores for Jim's present.

She found it at last. It surely had been made for Jim and no one else. There was no other like it in any of the stores, and she had turned all of them inside out. It was a platinum fob chain simple and chaste in design, properly proclaiming its value by substance alone and not by meretricious ornamentation--as all good things should do. It was even worthy of The Watch. As soon as she saw it she knew that it must be Jim's. It was like him. Quietness and value--the description applied to both. Twenty-one dollars they took from her for it, and she hurried home with the 87 cents. With that chain on his watch Jim might be properly anxious about the time in any company. Grand as the watch was, he sometimes looked at it on the sly on account of the old leather strap that he used in place of a chain.

When Della reached home her intoxication gave way a little to prudence and reason. She got out her curling irons and lighted the gas and went to work repairing the ravages made by generosity added to love. Which is always a tremendous task, dear friends--a mammoth task.

Within forty minutes her head was covered with tiny, close-lying curls that made her look wonderfully like a truant schoolboy. She looked at her reflection in the mirror long, carefully, and critically.

"If Jim doesn't kill me," she said to herself, "before he takes a second look at me, he'll say I look like a Coney Island chorus girl. But what could I do--oh! what could I do with a dollar and eighty- seven cents?"

At 7 o'clock the coffee was made and the frying-pan was on the back of the stove hot and ready to cook the chops.

Jim was never late. Della doubled the fob chain in her hand and sat on the corner of the table near the door that he always entered. Then she heard his step on the stair away down on the first flight, and she turned white for just a moment. She had a habit for saying little silent prayer about the simplest everyday things, and now she whispered: "Please God, make him think I am still pretty."

The door opened and Jim stepped in and closed it. He looked thin and very serious. Poor fellow, he was only twenty-two--and to be burdened with a family! He needed a new overcoat and he was without gloves.

Jim stopped inside the door, as immovable as a setter at the scent of quail. His eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read, and it terrified her. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the sentiments that she had been prepared for. He simply stared at her fixedly with that peculiar expression on his face.

Della wriggled off the table and went for him.

"Jim, darling," she cried, "don't look at me that way. I had my hair cut off and sold because I couldn't have lived through Christmas without giving you a present. It'll grow out again--you won't mind, will you? I just had to do it. My hair grows awfully fast. Say `Merry Christmas!' Jim, and let's be happy. You don't know what a nice-- what a beautiful, nice gift I've got for you."

"You've cut off your hair?" asked Jim, laboriously, as if he had not arrived at that patent fact yet even after the hardest mental labor.

"Cut it off and sold it," said Della. "Don't you like me just as well, anyhow? I'm me without my hair, ain't I?"

Jim looked about the room curiously.

"You say your hair is gone?" he said, with an air almost of idiocy.

"You needn't look for it," said Della. "It's sold, I tell you--sold and gone, too. It's Christmas Eve, boy. Be good to me, for it went for you. Maybe the hairs of my head were numbered," she went on with sudden serious sweetness, "but nobody could ever count my love for you. Shall I put the chops on, Jim?"

Out of his trance Jim seemed quickly to wake. He enfolded his Della. For ten seconds let us regard with discreet scrutiny some inconsequential object in the other direction. Eight dollars a week or a million a year--what is the difference? A mathematician or a wit would give you the wrong answer. The magi brought valuable gifts, but that was not among them. This dark assertion will be illuminated later on.

Jim drew a package from his overcoat pocket and threw it upon the table.

"Don't make any mistake, Dell," he said, "about me. I don't think there's anything in the way of a haircut or a shave or a shampoo that could make me like my girl any less. But if you'll unwrap that package you may see why you had me going a while at first."

White fingers and nimble tore at the string and paper. And then an ecstatic scream of joy; and then, alas! a quick feminine change to hysterical tears and wails, necessitating the immediate employment of all the comforting powers of the lord of the flat.

For there lay The Combs--the set of combs, side and back, that Della had worshipped long in a Broadway window. Beautiful combs, pure tortoise shell, with jewelled rims--just the shade to wear in the beautiful vanished hair. They were expensive combs, she knew, and her heart had simply craved and yearned over them without the least hope of possession. And now, they were hers, but the tresses that should have adorned the coveted adornments were gone.

But she hugged them to her bosom, and at length she was able to look up with dim eyes and a smile and say: "My hair grows so fast, Jim!"

And them Della leaped up like a little singed cat and cried, "Oh, oh!"

Jim had not yet seen his beautiful present. She held it out to him eagerly upon her open palm. The ll precious metal seemed to flash with a reflection of her bright and ardent spirit.

"Isn't it a dandy, Jim? I hunted all over town to find it. You'll have to look at the time a hundred times a day now. Give me your watch. I want to see how it looks on it."

Instead of obeying, Jim tumbled down on the couch and put his hands under the back of his head and smiled.

"Dell," said he, "let's put our Christmas presents away and keep 'em a while. They're too nice to use just at present. I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs. And now suppose you put the chops on."

The magi, as you know, were wise men--wonderfully wise men--who brought gifts to the Babe in the manger. They invented the art of giving Christmas presents. Being wise, their gifts were no doubt wise ones, possibly bearing the privilege of exchange in case of plication. And here I have lamely related to you the uneventful chronicle of two foolish children in a flat who most unwisely sacrificed for each other the greatest treasures of their house. But in a last word to the wise of these days let it be said that of all who give gifts these two were the wisest. O all who give and receive gifts, such as they are wisest. Everywhere they are wisest. They are the magi.