英語短篇小說翻譯風格

1. 英語短篇小說選讀課文翻譯

Burnt Norton 燒毀的諾頓
I
Time present and time past 現在和過去的時光
Are both perhaps present in time future, 也許都存在於未來之中，
And time future contained in time past.且未來的時光包含於過往。
If all time is eternally present假如所有時間都永恆存在
All time is unredeemable.所有時間都無法履行。
What might have been is an abstraction本該如此的是一種抽象
Remaining a perpetual possibility維持著永久的可能性，
Only in a world of speculation.僅僅在思索的世界裡。
What might have been and what has been 本該如此的和已經如此的
Point to one end, which is always present.指向同一端點，那始終是現在。
Footfalls echo in the memory 腳步聲回響在記憶里
Down the passage which we did not take沿著那條我們沒有選擇的走廊
Towards the door we never opened向著那扇我們從沒有開啟的門
Into the rose-garden. My words echo進入這玫瑰花園。我的話語
Thus, in your mind.就這樣，回響於你心中。
But to what purpose但是為了何種目的
Disturbing the st on a bowl of rose-leaves擾亂了一缽玫瑰葉上的塵埃？
I do not know. 我不知道。
Other echoes其他的迴音
Inhabit the garden. Shall we follow?棲息於這花園。我們應該跟上嗎？
Quick, said the bird, find them, find them,快點，鳥兒說，找到他們，找到他們，
Round the corner. Through the first gate,轉過牆角。穿過那第一道門，
Into our first world, shall we follow 進入我們第一個世界，我們是否應該
The deception of the thrush? Into our first world.聽從那鶇鳥的欺騙？進入我們第一個世界。
There they were, dignified, invisible, 他們在那裡，高貴威嚴，無影無形，
Moving without pressure, over the dead leaves, 輕飄飄的移動，於枯死的葉子之上，
In the autumn heat, through the vibrant air,在秋日的悶熱里，穿過蒸騰的空氣，
And the bird called, in response to 並且鳥兒鳴叫著，回應
The unheard music hidden in the shrubbery,那藏在灌木叢中無聲的音樂，
And the unseen eyebeam crossed, for the roses無形的眼神掃過，為著玫瑰們
Had the look of flowers that are looked at.曾有過現在眼前的花容。
There they were as our guests, accepted and accepting.他們在那裡，作為客人，被我們接待也接待我們。
So we moved, and they, in a formal pattern, 所以我們走動著，他們也是，以拘謹的隊列，
Along the empty alley, into the box circle, 沿著空寂的小巷，進入天井（what does box circle mean?)，
To look down into the drained pool.俯視枯竭了的池塘。
Dry the pool, dry concrete, brown edged, 乾涸的池塘，硬結的水泥，烘焦了的池沿，
And the pool was filled with water out of sunlight,池塘里卻被從陽光流出的水充滿，
And the lotos rose, quietly, quietly,蓮花升起來，靜靜的，靜靜的，
The surface glittered out of heart of light,池面從光明的心靈中閃爍著，
And they were behind us, reflected in the pool.他們在我們身後，倒映在池中。
Then a cloud passed, and the pool was empty.然後一朵雲彩飄過，池子空空如也。
Go, said the bird, for the leaves were full of children,去吧，鳥兒說，因樹葉叢中滿是孩子們，
Hidden excitedly, containing laughter.興奮地隱藏著，有著克制的笑聲。
Go, go, go, said the bird: human kind去吧，去，去，鳥兒說：人類
Cannot bear very much reality.無法忍受太多的真實。
Time past and time future過去和未來的時光
What might have been and what has been本該如此的和已經如此的
Point to one end, which is always present.指向同一端點，那始終是現在。

2. 10篇英語小短文帶翻譯的

以下都是網上粘貼的僅供參考：1、Today i and friends of foreign travel, outside air is very good, people feel very comfortable. We all appreciate the fine girls bicycles. We enjoyed the beautiful nature brought. We happily spent a happy day. 今天和朋友一起出外交遊，外面的空氣很好，人感覺很舒服。我們騎著自行車一路欣賞鳥語花香。享受著大自然帶給我們的無限美好。大家開開心心地度過了愉快的一天。
2、Today Mailehaoo clothes, and parents take to the streets is happy, the parents have to pay to buy things. Unlike in their street to buy things they like to take a long time but saw the price, Ha-ha, is really very happy. I love my parents, I too thank them for the care and love.
今天買了好多衣服，和父母上街就是愉快，買東西有父母幫付錢。不像平時自己上街買東西碰到喜歡的但看了價錢都要考慮好久，呵呵，真的是很開心。我愛我的父母，太感謝他們對我的關心和愛戴了。
3、Flute " Robinson Crusoe " of good fortune, novelist of British, describe protagonist drift about on the island, overcome the difficulty, the legend story of pioneering an enterprise with painstaking efforts. Novel write true naturally, legendary. The protagonist plants the crops on the detached island, puts up the log cabin, has eaten the innumerable trials and tribulations, survive. Want, go back human world anxious, want to go how about go out of these damnable place only like make him to be fascinated, result fail, get back to, long separated for Britain for 28 year give me enlightenment by " Robinson's records of adventure " on 1868 year finally, tanacity of him let me wait for a chance to cause trouble, want, march toward another goal for life, look like Robinson like that spend one's own strength,reach ideal realm one's own. We need possess Robinson so spirit of struggle diligently.
英國小說家笛福的《魯濱遜漂流記》描述了主人公漂流海島,戰勝困難,艱苦創業的傳奇故事. 小說寫得真實自然,富有傳奇色彩.主人公在孤島上種莊稼,搭木屋,吃了千辛萬苦,生存下來.但想回人間的心切,使他著迷般地只想到如何走出這個鬼地方,結果還是失敗了,最後於1868年回到闊別28年的英國
《魯濱孫漂流記》給我以啟示，他的頑強讓我蠢蠢欲動，想要邁向人生的另一目標，像魯濱孫那樣用自己的力量，到達自己理想的境界。
我們需要具備魯濱遜那樣的刻苦奮斗的精神.
4、The World's Greatest Swordsman
At an exhibition of the world's best swordsman, the third-place fencer took the stage. A fly was released, and with an arc of his sword he cut the fly in half. The crowd cheered. Then the second-place man sliced a fly into quarters. A hush fell in anticipation of the world's greatest swordsman.
His blade came down in a mighty arc - but the insect continued on its way! The crowd was aghast. The greatest swordsman had missed his target completely, yet he continued to smile.
"Why are you so happy?" someone yelled. "You missed!"
"Ah," replied the swordsman, "you weren't watching very carefully. They fly lives, yes - but he will never be a father."
世界上最偉大的擊劍手
在一場世界最佳擊劍手錶演中，排名第三的擊劍手上場了。一隻蒼蠅放了出來，劍劃了一個弧，他將蒼蠅劈成了兩半。觀眾歡呼起來。緊接著排名第二的人將一隻蒼蠅切成了四半。現場一陣沉默，人們期盼著世界上最偉大的擊劍手出場。
他的劍鋒以一個巨大的弧線劃了下來－－然而那隻昆蟲還在繼續飛行!觀眾被驚呆了。最偉大的擊劍手完全錯過了他的目標，然而他還在微笑著。
「你為什麼這么高興？」有人嚷道，「你沒擊中!」
「啊，」劍手答道，「你剛才沒有很仔細地看。蒼蠅還活著，是的－－但他永遠也做不成爸爸了。」
5、A Mistake
An American, a Scot and a Canadian were killed in a car accident. They arrived at the gates of heaven, where a flustered St. Peter explained that there had been a mistake. "Give me $500 each," he said, "and I'll return you to earth as if the whole thing never happened."
"Done!" said the American. Instantly, he found himself standing unhurt near the scene.
"Where are the others?" asked a medic.
"Last I knew," said the American, "the Scot was haggling price, and the Canadian was arguing that his government should pay."
搞錯了
一位美國人，一位英格蘭人和一位加拿大人在一場車禍中喪生。他們到達天堂的門口。在那裡，醉醺醺的聖彼德解釋說是搞錯了。「每人給我五百美元，」他說，「我將把你們送回人間，就象什麼都沒有發生過一樣。」
「成交!」美國人說。立刻，他發現自己毫不損傷地站在現場附近。
「其他人在哪兒？」一名醫生問道。
「我離開之前，」那名美國人說，「我看見英格蘭人正在砍價，而那名加拿大人正在分辯說應該由他的政府來出這筆錢。」
6、Pig or Witch
A man is driving up a steep, narrow mountain road. A woman is driving down the same road. As they pass each other, the woman leans out of the window and yells "PIG!!" The man immediately leans out of his window and replies, "WITCH(女巫)!!" They each continue on their way, and as the man rounds the next corner, he crashes into a pig in the middle of the road. If only men would listen.
豬還是女巫
一個男人在一條陡峭狹窄的山路上駕車，一個女人相向駕車而來。他們相遇時，那個女的從窗中伸出頭來叫到：「豬！！」那個男的立即從窗中伸出頭來回敬道：「女巫！！」他們繼續前行。這個男的在下一個路口轉彎時，撞上了路中間的一頭豬。要是這個男的能聽懂那個女人的意思就好了。
7、Response Ability
An Ogden, Iowa, minister was matching coins with a member of his congregation for a cup of coffee. When asked if that didn't constitute gambling, the minister replied, "It's merely a scientific method of determining just who is going to commit an act of charity."
Philosopher Bertrand Russell, asked if he was willing to die for his beliers, replied: "Of course not. After all, I may be wrong."
A newspaper organized a contest for the best answer to the question: "If a fire broke out in the Louvre, and if you could only save one painting, which one would you carry out?"
The winning reply was: "The one nearest the exit."
答問技巧
衣阿華州奧格根的一位牧師正在與一位教友為一杯咖啡而猜硬幣。別人問他那是否構成賭博行為時，牧師答道：「這僅僅是決定由誰來做一件善事的一種科學方法。」
當我人問哲學家羅素是否願意為了他的信仰而獻身時，他答道：「當然不會。畢竟，我可能會是錯的。」
一份報紙組織了一場競賽，為下面的問題徵集最佳答案：「如果盧浮宮起了火，而你只能救出一幅畫，你將救出哪一幅？」
獲獎的答案是：「最接近門口的那一幅。」
8、Jonesie The Great Lion Hunter
A small village was troubled by a man-eating lion. So its leaders sent a message to the great hunter, Jonesie, to come and kill the beast.
For several nights the hunter lay in wait for the lion, but it never appeared. Finally, he told the village chief to kill a cow and give him its hide. Draping the skin over his shoulders, he went to the pasture to wait for the lion.
In the middle of the night, the villagers woke to the sound of blood-curdling shrieks coming from the pasture. As they carefully approached, they saw the hunter on the ground, groaning in pain. There was no sign of the lion.
"What happened, Jonesie? Where is the lion?" asked the chief.
"Forget the damn lion!" he howled. "Which one of you idiots let the bull loose?"
偉大的獵手Jonesie
有個小村莊正為一隻吃人的獅子而煩惱。於是，村長派人去請偉大的獵手Jonesie來殺死這只野獸。
獵手躺著等了幾個晚上，但獅子一直沒有出現。最後，他要求村長殺只羊然後把頭皮給他。把羊皮披在身上後，獵人到草原上去等獅子。
半夜，村民被從草原傳來的聲嘶力竭的尖叫聲驚醒。他們小心地靠近後，看到獵手正躺在草地上痛苦地呻吟。沒有獅子出沒的蛛絲馬跡。
「Jonesie，怎麼了？獅子在哪？」村長問。
「哪有獅子！」獵人怒吼道，「哪個傻瓜把公牛放出來了？」
9、Weather Predict
A film crew was on location deep in the desert. One day an old Indian went up to the director and said, "Tomorrow rain." The next day it rained.
A week later, the Indian went up to the director and said, "Tomorrow storm." The next day there was a hailstorm.
"This Indian is incredible," said the director. He told his secretary to hire the Indian to predict the weather.
However, after several successful predictions, the old Indian didn't show up for two weeks.
Finally the director sent for him. "I have to shoot a big scene tomorrow," said the director, "and I'm depending on you. What will the weather be like?"
The Indian shrugged his shoulders. "Don't know," he said. "Radio is broken."
天氣預報
一個電影攝制組在沙漠深處工作.一天,一個印度老人到導演跟前告訴導演說"明天下雨."第二天果然下雨了.
一周後,印度人又來告訴導演說,"明天有風暴."果然,第二天下了雹暴.
"印度人真神,"導演說.他告訴秘書僱傭該印度人來預報天氣.
幾次預報都很成功.然後,接下來的兩周,印度人不見了.
最後,導演派人去把他叫來了."我明天必須拍一個很大的場景,"導演說,"這得靠你了.明天天氣如何啊?"
印度人聳了聳肩."我不知道,"印度人說,"收音機壞了."
10、Love is the parents is the world's largest love, is in their minds share of family support them, let them come in the heart of the disaster sons and daughters.
Kitagawa, May 14, 2008, the parents who struggle with death more than 40 hours after the three-year-old girl Song Xin Yi finally rescued, rescue workers to feed her milk. Her parents live in the time, desperate to protect the fragile body of her, until both passing away, also maintained that posture. Parents touched by the love of God, let the children saved, small Xinyi Zaitianling parents can comfort!
愛的力量
父母之愛莫過於是世界上最大的愛，是他們心中的那份親情支撐著他們，讓他們在災難來臨時心系兒女。
北川，2008年5月14日，在父母身下與死神抗爭四十多小時後，三歲的小女孩宋欣宜終於獲救，救援人員喂她喝牛奶。她的父母在活著的時候，以脆弱的身軀拚死保護著她，直到雙雙逝去，還保持著那種姿勢。父母的愛感動了上天，讓孩子得救了，小欣宜父母的在天之靈可以安慰了！

3. 短篇小說用英語怎麼說

短篇小說：
翻譯： short story;
雙語例句：
這本集子是由詩、散文和短篇小說三部分組合而成的。
This collection is made up of three parts: poems, essays and short stories.

4. 歸在語言 異在文化 ——關於歐亨利兩篇短篇小說譯文的評析和對比

一. 析歸異之偏愛，求歸異之平衡

歸化與異化的說法最早來源於1813年6月24日德國早期思想家斯萊爾馬赫（Schleiermacher）在柏林皇家科學院所作的題為《論翻譯的方法》的演講，他認為翻譯不是盡可能讓讀者靠攏作者，就是讓作者靠攏讀者。歸化與異化主要包含兩大類，一是語言層面，一是文化層面。然而歸化異化各自傾向於哪個層面，孫致禮教授認為：「翻譯的根本任務是忠實再現原作的思想和風格，而原作的思想和風格都帶有濃厚的異國情調，翻譯中不採用異化的方法，很難完成這一使命。與此同時，為了達到譯文像原作一樣通順的要求，譯者在語言表達中，又不得不作出必要的歸化。」由此可知，在翻譯過程中，異化側重於思想文化的處理，歸化側重於語言表達的處理。然而具體翻譯中，通常同時涉及到文化和語言的處理，因此析歸異之偏愛後，應該求歸化與異化的平衡，歸化異化互為補充。

二. 譯海拾貝：小說《婚》和《沒》的譯本賞析和對比

1. 譯文和譯者簡介

歐亨利小說以其出人意料而又合乎情理的結尾情節設計深受讀者喜愛。本文選取的兩篇小說《婚》和《沒》都體現了歐亨利對小人物的命運的同情和關心，同時也對他們自身的劣根性提出了辛辣的嘲諷和批評，是典型的歐亨利式小說。同時選擇的譯本分別是2010年中國對外翻譯出版社出版的張經浩先生的譯本和2010年人民文學出版社出版的王永年先生的譯本。選擇這兩種譯本的原因有三，第一是這兩種譯本在各大網上書店銷售量大；第二是這兩種譯本各有千秋，但是都能體現語言層面歸化和文化層面異化的雜糅；第三，同是採取歸化策略，張譯本和王譯本在表達方式上有所不同，可以作出比較，各取其長，各補其短。

2. 歸化的具體體現

「欣賞翻譯的藝術就是要看譯者如何利用目標語的語言資源去克服翻譯困難。」漢語特有的語言資源有主要有量詞，疊字和四字格以及古體語。這四種處理方法，實際上是撇開了原語中的詞語和句法轉而迎合目的語的表達方式，盡量照顧目的語讀者的需要，是歸化的處理方法。

從張譯《婚》版本中，我們可以看到歸化的具體表現如下：

量詞：一卷鈔票；一大疊鈔票

疊詞：醉醺醺；

四字格：當之無愧；拚死拼活；笨手笨腳；鬍子拉碴；應接不暇；興師動眾；懷才不遇；不三不四；十有八九；財源滾滾；滑頭滑腦；天衣無縫；絡繹不絕；兩廂情願

古體語：見下文例3

王譯《婚》版本中：

量詞：一幢房子；一條人魚；一張五元鈔票；一支雪茄；一則廣告；一封回信；一卷大額鈔票

疊詞：冷冷地；咕嚕嚕；

四字格：酩酊大醉；游手好閑；唯利是圖；嬉皮涎臉；不可開交；無懈可擊；難分難舍；和盤托出

古體語：見下文例3

下面我們來對上述方法在譯文中的具體運用做簡要分析和對比：

例1：An old friend of mine, Zeke Trotter, had made his wife a widow a year before drinking some dyspepsia cure of the old doctor』s instead of the liniment that he always got boozed up on.  （斜體部分為本文作者所加，下同）

張譯：我有位老朋友，叫齊克特羅特。平常他總是灌黃湯灌得醉醺醺，一年前有次沒灌好，吃了老醫生治消化不良的葯，讓老婆成了寡婦。 

王譯：我有個老朋友，齊克特羅特，去年喝了一個老醫生的消化葯，而沒有喝那種老是使他酩酊大醉的萬應葯，結果害的老婆當了寡婦。

此處，張譯版本在翻譯」got boozed up」時採用了ABB疊詞處理方法。疊詞能夠增強語言音律美和節奏感，使得譯出的漢語更有表現力，更易使讀者接受。如果此處不使用疊詞，而是直譯為」他總是灌黃湯灌醉」,意思表達依然完整，但是表現力大打折扣。而此處王譯版本將其處理為四字格亦可，表達力也較強。兩種處理辦法均可。

例2：Out of that number something like thirty hundred will expect to give you in exchange, if they should win you, the carcass of a lazy and mercenary loafer, a failure in life, a swindler and contemptible fortune seeker.(206)

張譯：你等著瞧吧，這三千人里有三千零一或者是懶漢，或者是見錢眼開的人，或者是倒霉鬼，騙子，存心不良搞錢財的傢伙。(張經浩，第48頁)

王譯：在那批人中間，假如他們僥幸贏得了你的心，約莫就有三千人准備給你一個游手好閑，唯利是圖的臭皮囊，一個生活的失意人，一個騙子手和可鄙的淘金者作為交換。（王永年，第161頁）

此處張譯本將」thirty hundred」歸化翻譯為漢語中的特有句式」三千人里有三千零一個」,從中可以看出譯者對原文的深刻理解和在表達上的匠心獨運。原文所對應的名詞直譯應該為」三千人」，但是此處譯者加入了自己的理解：就譯者看來，這些居心不良的求婚者不在少數，甚至人人都各懷鬼胎，因此譯者大膽使用漢語特有的誇張句式」三千人里有三千零一個」，使得讀者能充分感受到當時整個社會人們道德水平普遍低下的境況的言外之意，不失為一種歸化的妙譯。反觀王譯本當中直譯成「三千人」就缺乏誇張的效果。並且從句式上看，王譯本對原文幾乎是直接直譯過來，顯得拖沓生硬，而張譯本更符合漢語的表達。因此，該處張譯本採取歸化的方法處理更為恰當。

例3：Would prefer a poor man with affectionate disposition to one with means as she realizes that the solid virtues are oftenest to be found in the humble walks of life.(205)

張譯：念卑賤者往往忠厚，故寧擇貧而情篤者。(張經浩，第47頁)

王譯：……然性情必須溫良，因微賤之人多具美德。(王永年，第159頁到160頁)

此處，兩種譯本都採取歸化的方法將原文翻譯成漢語味道濃郁的偏古體句，巧妙的將英語中的長難句簡化成符合漢語習慣的短句，贏得了漢語讀者的好感。兩種譯本均可，然而張譯本更是運用了對偶句，加強了譯本的文學性和節奏感，因此略勝一籌。

3. 異化的具體體現

翻譯的根本任務是忠實再現原作的思想和風格。然而有時候原作的思想和風格都帶有濃郁的異國色彩，或者說蘊含非常強烈的文化內涵，歸化的譯法無法傳達出其意義，此時就應該採用異化的方法。具體來說是就是直譯和解注文化負載詞。即，特意使用「不地道」的漢語，目的是保留原作的文化內涵。

據統計，張譯《沒》總共有註解11處，其中屬於文化負載詞的註解有6處；王譯《沒》總共有註解10處，其中屬於文化負載詞的註解有5處。以下舉例分析異化的具體表現以及對比：

例4：Dulcie went up to her room—the third floor back in a West Side brownstone-front.

張譯：達爾西走進西區一所正面用褐色石頭建造的房子三樓的一間後房，這兒是她的住房。

王譯：達爾西上樓到她的房間里去——西區一座褐石房屋的三樓後房。

此處，張譯本和王譯本最大的不同在於，張譯本對「褐色石頭建造的房子」加入了註解「19世紀時房子正面用褐色石頭建造表示房主人富有」，歐亨利將一個貧困的女售貨員的住處設計成代表富有的「褐色石頭房子」實際上是一種諷刺，既諷刺了社會貧富差距大，也暗指了女售貨員的虛榮心，她的生活和她幻想中的生活存在極大的落差，就如同褐色房子表面的富有和內在的貧困一樣。因此此處的註解對讀者正確理解原文作者意圖是不可或缺的。張譯使用異化的處理策略十分恰當。

例5：So, we began to insert our advertisement in newspapers covering the country far and wide. One ad was all we used. We couldn』t have used more without hiring so many clerks and marcelled paraphernalia that the sound of the gum chewing would have disturbed the Postmaster-General.(207)

張譯：「我們立即在全國各地報紙登徵婚啟事，只登了一次，多登非應接不暇，鬧得興師動眾，露出馬腳不可。」(張經浩，第49頁)

王譯：我們在全國各地的報紙上刊登了廣告。我們只登一次。事實上也不能多登，不然就得僱用許多辦事員和女秘書，而她們嚼口香糖的聲音可能會驚動郵政總長。(王永年，第162頁)

此處，張譯連用「應接不暇」「興師動眾」「露出馬腳」三個四字短語，優點是其形式簡潔明快，且具有模糊性和概況性，適宜用於處理冗長復雜的英文句子。並且易於被漢語讀者接受。但是此處歐亨利在原文中設計了「辦事員和女秘書嚼口香糖」的情節實際上是一種反諷，諷刺了當時社會行政人員工作態度的怠惰和工作效率的低下,換句話說，此處涉及到特殊的文化內涵。如果略去而是直接用四字短語替代，則不能體現原作者在此處的良苦用心，也沒有做到忠實。因此，該處應該採取異化當中直譯的方法處理。王譯的處理更為恰當。

例6：We no longer groan and heap ashes upon our heads when the flames of Tophet are mentioned.(60)

張譯：如今人們談起地獄的火焰時，不再邊哼呀咳呀邊往頭上倒灰了。(張經浩，第84頁)

王譯：如今人們提到地獄的火焰時，我們不再唉聲嘆氣，把灰塗在自己頭上了。（王永年，第33頁）

此處，在翻譯」heap ashes upon our heads」的時候，張譯和王譯都採取異化的方法，加註解釋「往頭上倒灰」是一種猶太的風俗，悲切懺悔時，身穿麻衣，須發塗灰。這種做法較好地保護了源語文化，同時讓讀者享受到異域特色。

三. 譯語喃喃：歸化異化 相得益彰 歸異同心

通過作者的親身翻譯實踐和對以上譯本的對比分析後發現，歸化多用於處理語言層面，異化多用於處理涉及文化的層面，雖然各有偏愛但是不完全分開，即歸化異化是相得益彰的；歸異同心，這里的心就是指讀者能喜愛和接受的翻譯文本。無論是歸化的策略還是異化策略，不能一味採用一種翻譯策略，而是應該從實際出發，歸異相糅，才能是好的翻譯。

5. 求下列英語短篇小說譯文，最好附帶簡要的character、theme、setting等基本要素分析，謝謝~

1、游戲的漁獲量 2、前七年（第一個七年） 3、來自於羅得西亞的火車
那個「A&P」也是嗎？我幾年沒碰英語了！
character、theme、setting分別是：性格，主題，設置

6. 英語短篇小故事要有中文翻譯

The Thirsty Pigeon口渴的鴿子

A PIGEON, oppressed by excessive thirst, saw a goblet of water painted on a signboard. Not supposing it to be only a picture, she flew towards it with a loud whir and unwittingly dashed against the signboard, jarring herself terribly. Having broken her wings by the blow, she fell to the ground, and was caught by one of the bystanders.

Zeal should not outrun discretion.

有隻鴿子口渴得很難受，看見畫板上畫著一個水瓶，以為是真的。他立刻呼呼地猛飛過 去，不料一頭碰撞在畫板上，折斷了翅膀，摔在地上，被人輕易地捉住了。

這是說，有些人想急於得到所需的東西，一時沖動，草率從事，就會身遭不幸。

The Raven and the Swan烏鴉和天鵝

A RAVEN saw a Swan and desired to secure for himself the same beautiful plumage. Supposing that the Swan's splendid white color arose from his washing in the water in which he swam, the Raven left the altars in the neighborhood where he picked up his living, and took up residence in the lakes and pools. But cleansing his feathers as often as he would, he could not change their color, while through want of food he perished.

Change of habit cannot alter Nature.

烏鴉非常羨慕天鵝潔白的羽毛。他猜想天鵝一定是經常洗澡，羽毛才變得如此潔白無 瑕。於是，他毅然離開了他賴以生存的祭壇，來到江湖邊。他天天洗刷自己的羽毛，不但一 點都沒洗白，反而因缺少食物飢餓而死。

這故事是說，人的本性不會隨著生活方式的改變而改變。

The Goat and the Goatherd 山羊與牧羊人

A GOATHERD had sought to bring back a stray goat to his flock. He whistled and sounded his horn in vain; the straggler paid no attention to the summons. At last the Goatherd threw a stone, and breaking its horn, begged the Goat not to tell his master. The Goat replied, "Why, you silly fellow, the horn will speak though I be silent."

Do not attempt to hide things which cannot be hid.

很多山羊被牧羊人趕到羊圈裡。有一隻山羊不知在吃什麼好東西，單獨落在後面。牧羊 人拿起一塊石頭扔了過去，正巧打斷了山羊的一隻角。牧羊人嚇得請求山羊不要告訴主人， 山羊說：「即使我不說，又怎能隱瞞下去呢？我的角已斷了，這是十分明顯的事實。」

這故事說明，明顯的罪狀是無法隱瞞的。

The Miser守財奴

A MISER sold all that he had and bought a lump of gold, which he buried in a hole in the ground by the side of an old wall and went to look at daily. One of his workmen observed his frequent visits to the spot and decided to watch his movements. He soon discovered the secret of the hidden treasure, and digging down, came to the lump of gold, and stole it. The Miser, on his next visit, found the hole empty and began to tear his hair and to make loud lamentations. A neighbor, seeing him overcome with grief and learning the cause, said, "Pray do not grieve so; but go and take a stone, and place it in the hole, and fancy that the gold is still lying there. It will do you quite the same service; for when the gold was there, you had it not, as you did not make the slightest use of it."

有個守財奴變賣了他所有的家產，換回了金塊，並秘密地埋在一個地方。他每天走去看 看他的寶藏。有個在附近放羊的牧人留心觀察，知道了真情，趁他走後，挖出金塊拿走了。 守財奴再來時，發現洞中的金塊沒有了，便捶胸痛哭。有個人見他如此悲痛，問明原因後， 說道：「喂，朋友，別再難過了，那塊金子雖是你買來的，但並不是你真正擁有的。去拿一 塊石頭來，代替金塊放在洞里，只要你心裡想著那是塊金子，你就會很高興。這樣與你擁有 真正的金塊效果沒什麼不同。依我之見，你擁有那金塊時，也從沒用過。」

這故事說明，一切財物如不使用等於沒有。

The Wolf and the Lamb 狼與小羊

WOLF, meeting with a Lamb astray from the fold, resolved not to lay violent hands on him, but to find some plea to justify to the Lamb the Wolf's right to eat him. He thus addressed him:"Sirrah, last year you grossly insulted me." "Indeed," bleated the Lamb in a mournful tone of voice, "I was not then born." Then said the Wolf , "You feed in my pasture." "No, good sir," replied the Lamb, "I have not yet tasted grass." Again said the Wolf, "You drink of my well." "No," exclaimed the Lamb, "I never yet drank water, for as yet my mother's milk is both food and drink to me." Upon which the Wolf seized him and ate him up, saying, "Well! I won't remain supperless, even though you refute every one of my imputations."

The tyrant will always find a pretext for his tyranny.

一隻小羊在河邊喝水，狼見到後，便想找一個名正言順的借口吃掉他。於是他跑到上游，惡狠狠地說小羊把河水攪渾濁了，使他喝不到清水。小羊回答說，他僅僅站在河邊喝水，並且又在下游，根本不可能把上游的水攪渾。狼見此計不成，又說道：「我父親去年被你罵過。」小羊說，那時他還沒有出生。狼對他說：「不管你怎樣辯解，反正我不會放過 你。」

這說明，對惡人做任何正當的辯解也是無效的。

The Bat and the Weasels蝙蝠與黃鼠狼

A BAT who fell upon the ground and was caught by a Weasel pleaded to be spared his life. The Weasel refused, saying that he was by nature the enemy of all birds. The Bat assured him that he was not a bird, but a mouse, and thus was set free. Shortly afterwards the Bat again fell to the ground and was caught by another Weasel, whom he likewise entreated not to eat him. The Weasel said that he had a special hostility to mice. The Bat assured him that he was not a mouse, but a bat, and thus a second time escaped.

It is wise to turn circumstances to good account.

蝙蝠掉落在地上，被黃鼠狼叼去，他請求饒命。黃鼠狼說絕不會放過他，自己生來痛恨鳥類。蝙蝠說他是老鼠，不是鳥，便被放了。後來蝙蝠又掉落了下來，被另一隻黃鼠狼叼住，他再三請求不要吃他。這只黃鼠狼說他恨一切鼠類。蝙蝠改口說自己是鳥類，並非老 鼠，又被放了。這樣，蝙蝠兩次改變了自己的名字，終於死裡逃生。

這故事說明，我們遇事要隨機應變方能避免危險。

The Ass and the Grasshopper 驢子與蚱蜢

AN ASS having heard some Grasshoppers chirping, was highly enchanted; and, desiring to possess the same charms of melody, demanded what sort of food they lived on to give them such beautiful voices. They replied, "The dew." The Ass resolved that he would live only upon dew, and in a short time died of hunger.
驢子聽見蚱蜢唱歌，被美妙動聽的歌聲所打動，自己也想能發出同樣悅耳動聽的聲音，便 羨慕地問他們吃些什麼，才能發出如此美妙的聲音來。蚱蜢答道：「吃露水。」驢子便也只吃露水，沒多久就餓死了。

這個故事告訴人們不要企望非份之物。

The Lion and the Mouse 獅子與報恩的老鼠

A LION was awakened from sleep by a Mouse running over his face. Rising up angrily, he caught him and was about to kill him, when the Mouse piteously entreated, saying: "If you would only spare my life, I would be sure to repay your kindness." The Lion laughed and let him go. It happened shortly after this that the Lion was caught by some hunters, who bound him by strong ropes to the ground. The Mouse, recognizing his roar, came and gnawed the rope with his teeth and set him free, exclaiming:
"You ridiculed the idea of my ever being able to help you, expecting to receive from me any repayment of your favor; now you know that it is possible for even a Mouse to con benefits on a Lion."

獅子睡著了，有隻老鼠跳到了他身上。獅子猛然站起來，把他抓住，准備吃掉。老鼠請求饒命，並說如果保住性命，必將報恩，獅子輕蔑地笑了笑，便把他放走了。不久，獅子真的被老鼠救了性命。原來獅子被一個獵人抓獲，並用繩索把他捆在一棵樹上。老鼠聽到了他 的哀嚎，走過去咬斷繩索，放走了獅子，並說：
「你當時嘲笑我，不相信能得到我的報答， 現在可清楚了，老鼠也能報恩。」 這故事說明，時運交替變更，強者也會有需要弱者的時候。

7. 有哪些值得翻譯的英文短篇小說 在中國還未翻譯的

《欣然同意》（Agreeable）是美國作家喬納森·弗蘭岑的一篇短篇小說。喬納森·弗蘭岑是近兩年在美國文壇受人矚目的一個作家，早在1988年他就獲得「懷丁作家獎」，在2010年他的寫作到達一種頂峰狀態，登上《時代》周刊的封面，被譽為「偉大的美國作家」。在翻譯《欣然同意》的過程中，譯者最大的感受是小說翻譯作為文學翻譯的一種，有其獨特的特點，同時譯者在英譯漢這個跨文化交流的活動中面對文學翻譯的語言、藝術審美及其具有的社會文化功能方面的基本問題，在翻譯過程中不僅要做到譯意，還要譯「情」、譯「味」、譯「韻」。①將美學理念與審美思維有機結合起來，並將之運用到文學翻譯實踐當中去，從而最大限度地使譯入語文本接近源語文本，極力提高兩者的相似性，是文學翻譯者所應追求的目標之一。筆者將從短篇小說翻策略的角度入手，闡述英文小說翻譯的一些技巧。