lun短篇小說
⑴ 求名家短篇散文20篇最好短一點
1、朱自清《春》
盼望著，盼望著，東風來了，春天的腳步近了。一切都像剛睡醒的樣子，欣欣然張開了眼。山朗潤起來了，水長起來了，太陽的臉紅起來了。小草偷偷地從土裡鑽出來，嫩嫩的，綠綠的。園子里，田野里，瞧去，一大片一大片滿是的。
坐著，躺著，打兩個滾，踢幾腳球，賽幾趟跑，捉幾回迷藏。風輕悄悄的，草綿軟軟的。桃樹、杏樹、梨樹，你不讓我，我不讓你，都開滿了花趕趟兒。紅的像火，粉的像霞，白的像雪。花里帶著甜味，閉了眼，樹上彷彿已經滿是桃兒、杏兒、梨兒。
花下成千成百的蜜蜂嗡嗡地鬧著，大小的蝴蝶飛來飛去。野花遍地是：雜樣兒，有名字的，沒名字的，散在花叢里，像眼睛，像星星，還眨呀眨的。「吹面不寒楊柳風」，不錯的，像母親的手撫摸著你。
風里帶來些新翻的泥土的氣息，混著青草味，還有各種花的香，都在微微潤濕的空氣里醞釀。鳥兒將窠巢安在繁花嫩葉當中，高興起來了，呼朋引伴地賣弄清脆的喉嚨，唱出宛轉的曲子，與輕風流水應和著。牛背上牧童的短笛，這時候也成天在嘹亮地響。
5、史鐵生《秋天的懷念》
雙腿癱瘓後，我的脾氣變得暴怒無常。望著望著天上北歸的雁陣，我會突然把面前的玻璃砸碎；聽著聽著李谷一甜美的歌聲，我會猛地把手邊的東西摔向四周的牆壁。母親就悄悄地躲出去，在我看不見的地方偷偷地聽著我的動靜。當一切恢復沉寂，她又悄悄地進來，眼邊紅紅的，看著我。
「聽說北海的花兒都開了，我推著你去走走。」她總是這么說。母親喜歡花，可自從我的腿癱瘓以後，她侍弄的那些花都死了。「不，我不去！」我狠命地捶打這兩條可恨的腿，喊著，「我可活什麼勁兒！」母親撲過來抓住我的手，忍住哭聲說：「咱娘兒倆在一塊兒，好好兒活，好好兒活……」
可我卻一直都不知道，她的病已經到了那步田地。後來妹妹告訴我，她常常肝疼得整宿整宿翻來覆去地睡不了覺。
那天我又獨自坐在屋裡，看著窗外的樹葉「唰唰啦啦」地飄落。母親進來了，擋在窗前：「北海的菊花開了，我推著你去看看吧。」她憔悴的臉上現出央求般的神色。「什麼時候？」「你要是願意，就明天?」她說。我的回答已經讓她喜出望外了。
「好吧，就明天。」我說。她高興得一會坐下，一會站起：「那就趕緊准備准備。」「哎呀，煩不煩？幾步路，有什麼好准備的！」她也笑了，坐在我身邊，絮絮叨叨地說著：「看完菊花，咱們就去『仿膳』，你小時候最愛吃那兒的豌豆黃兒。還記得那回我帶你去北海嗎？你偏說那楊樹花是毛毛蟲，跑著，一腳踩扁一個……」
她忽然不說了。對於「跑」和「踩」一類的字眼，她比我還敏感。她又悄悄地出去了。她出去了，就再也沒回來。鄰居們把她抬上車時，她還在大口大口地吐著鮮血。我沒想到她已經病成那樣。看著三輪車遠去，也絕沒有想到那竟是永遠的訣別。
鄰居的小夥子背著我去看她的時候，她正艱難地呼吸著，像她那一生艱難的生活。別人告訴我，她昏迷前的最後一句話是：「我那個有病的兒子和我那個還未成年的女兒……」
又是秋天，妹妹推著我去北海看了菊花。黃色的花淡雅，白色的花高潔，紫紅色的花熱烈而深沉，潑潑灑灑，秋風中正開得爛漫。我懂得母親沒有說完的話。妹妹也懂。我倆在一塊兒，要好好兒活……
⑵ 我需要一篇英文短篇的小故事，大概4-5分鍾左右，拜託大家多多幫忙！
網址：
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Cheerful%20Temper.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Great%20Grief.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Leaf%20from%20Heaven.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Rose%20from%20Homer's%20Grave.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Story%20from%20the%20Sand-Hills.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/A%20Story.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Anne%20Lisbeth.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Beauty%20of%20Form%20and%20Beauty%20of%20Mind.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/By%20the%20Almshouse%20Window.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Children's%20Prattle.txt
http://www.rr365.com/free/fairytales/Delaying%20is%20not%20Forgetting.txt
好麻煩的，你自己找吧：
http://www.rr365.com/Article/reading/200604/5990.html
還又很多的哦：
英語小故事_學習熱線
http://www.dbpower.cn/forum_view.asp?forum_id=2826&view_id=1234
英語小故事網
http://www.hebsme.gov.cn/manage/wen/viewtemp.asp?id=4287
英語小故事290，有圖，有點意思的：）~
http://flash.cdream.net/flash/050112/12388.htm
英語小故事（英語教學資料-初一英語）
http://www.xe.net/down_view_9791.html
英語小作文網:)~裡面有分類的，可以參考
http://blog.diandian.net/blog/member/1095/archives/2005/2005112584557.shtml#5009
下面幾個英語網，有各個方面的，你可以根據自己的情況，參考下格寫作式和內容：）~~
這里也有不少英語的優秀短文：：）~~
http://www.hzsdyfz.com.cn/gao2/English/lanmu.php?size=comp
英語寫作網，很全的,：）~~
http://www.blog.e.cn/user1/12601/subject/
可以學習下：）~~
http://www.hzsdyfz.com.cn/gao2/English/lanmu.php?size=comp
英語書寫範文：）~
http://www.lunwen.org.cn/Html/wx08/
還有現成的：
英語小故事Who Deserves Help? 可以參考：）~
Many years ago, there lived a very rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. So he placed a very large stone in the center of the main road into town. Then he hid behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.
"Who put this stone in the center of the road?" said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone in the center of the road, but not one of them tried to remove it. Late in the afternoon, a young man came along. He saw the stone and said, "The night will be very dark. Some neighbor will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone. "
The young man then began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his strength to move it to one side. But imagine his surprise when under the stone he found a bag full of money and this message: "This money is for the thoughtful person who removes this stone from the road. That person deserves help."
其實你也可以用flash的：
劍橋英語不錯的：http://www.xintang.cn/
也可以直接找網址：http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/donghua.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/yingwengequ.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/donghuaguoshi.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/dianzitushu.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/ihuaanyu.htm
http://www.xintang.cn/xintang/xuexizhongxin/ihuaanyu.htm
或者這個
翅 膀
一天，我工作的炸雞店在關門前出現了一陣搶購狂潮，結果除了雞翅外所有的東西都賣完了。當我正准備鎖門時，一名喝醉了的旅客進來要進餐。我問他翅膀行不行，他從櫃台上靠過身子來，回答道：「女士，我到這兒來是吃東西的，不是要飛！」
Wings
The fried-chicken restaurant where I was working had a big rush just before closing one day, leaving us with nothing to sell but wings. As I was about to lock the doors, aa quietly intoxicated customer came in and ordered dinner. When I asked if wings would be all right, he leaned over the counter and replied, "Lady, I came in here to eat, not fly."
真的是太多了：
這是保存在我的電腦里的哦
A Brother Like That
A friend of mine named Paul received an automobile from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street urchin was walking around the shiny new car, admiring it.
"Is this your car, Mister?" he said.
Paul nodded. "My brother gave it to me for Christmas." The boy was astounded. "You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn』t cost you nothing? Boy, I wish . . ." He hesitated.
Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the lad said jarred Paul all the way down to his heels.
"I wish," the boy went on, "That I could be a brother
like that."
Paul looked at the boy in astonishment, then impulsively he added, "Would you like to take a ride in my car?"
"Oh yes, Id love that."
After a short ride, the boy turned with his eyes aglow, said, "Mister, would you mind driving in front of my house?"
Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the lad wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big automobile. But Paul was wrong again. "Will you stop where those two steps are?" the boy asked.
He ran up the steps. Then in a little while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled brother. He sat him down on the bottom step, then sort of squeezed up against him and pointed to the car.
"There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn』t cost him a cent. And some day Im gonna give you one just like it . . . then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that Ive been trying to tell you about."
Paul got out and lifted the lad to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began a memorable holiday ride. That Christmas Eve, Paul learned what Jesus meant when he said: "It is more blessed to give . . . "
內容：
哥哥的心願
聖誕節時，保羅的哥哥送他一輛新車。聖誕節當天，保羅離開辦公室時，一個男孩繞著那輛閃閃發亮的新車，十分贊嘆地問：
"先生，這是你的車？"
保羅點點頭："這是我哥哥送給我的聖誕節禮物。"男孩滿臉驚訝，支支吾吾地說："你是說這是你哥送的禮物，沒花你一分錢？天哪，我真希望也能……"
保羅當然知道男孩他真想希望什麼。他希望能有一個象那樣的哥哥。但是小男孩接下來說的話卻完全出乎了保羅的意料。
"我希望自己能成為送車給弟弟的哥哥。"男孩繼續說。
保羅驚愕地看著那男孩，沖口而出地說："你要不要坐我的車去兜風？"
"哦，當然好了，我太想坐了！"
車開了一小段路後，那孩子轉過頭來，眼睛閃閃發亮，對我說："先生，你能不能把車子開到我家門前？"
保羅微笑，他知道孩子想干什麼。那男孩必定是要向鄰居炫耀，讓大家知道他坐了一部大轎車回家。但是這次保羅又猜錯了。"你能不能把車子停在那兩個台階前？"男孩要求道。
男孩跑上了階梯，過了一會兒保羅聽到他回來了，但動作似乎有些緩慢。原來把他跛腳的弟弟帶出來了，將他安置在第一個台階上，緊緊地抱著他，指著那輛新車。
只聽那男孩告訴弟弟："你看，這就是我剛才在樓上對你說的那輛新車。這是保羅他哥哥送給他的哦！將來我也會送給你一輛像這樣的車，到那時候你就能自己去看那些在聖誕節時，掛窗口上的漂亮飾品了，就象我告訴過你的那樣。"
保羅走下車子，把跛腳男孩抱到車子的前座。興奮得滿眼放光的哥哥也爬上車子，坐在弟弟的身旁。就這樣他們三人開始一次令人難忘的假日兜風。
那個聖誕夜，保羅才真正體會主耶穌所說的"施比受更有福"的道理。
A man came home form work late, tired and found his 5 years old son waiting for him at the door. "Daddy, may I ask you a question?" "Yeah, sure, what is it?" replied the man. "Daddy, how much do you make an hour?" "If you must know, I make $20 an hour."" Oh," The little boy replied, with his head down, looking up, he said, "Daddy, may I please borrow $10" the father was furious, "If the only reason you asked that is so you can borrow some money to buy a silly toy, then you go to bed." The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door. After about an hour or so, the man had calmed down. And started to think. Maybe there was something he really needed to buy with that $10 and he really didn't ask for money very often. The man went to the door of the little boy's room and opened the door.」 Are you asleep, son?" he asked. "no daddy," replied the boy. "I've been thinking, maybe I was too hard on you earlier." said the man, "Here's the $10 you asked for." the little boy sat straight up, smiling. "Oh, thank you daddy!" he yelled. Then, reaching under his pillow he pulled out some crumpled up bills. The man seeing that the boy already had money, started to get angry again. The little boy slowly counted out his money, then looked up at his father. "Why do you want more money? Is you already have some?" the father asked. "Because I didn't have enough, but now I do.」The little boy repiied, "Daddy , I have $20 now. Can I buy an hour of your time? Please come home early tomorrow. I would like to have dinner with you."
Little Red Riding Hood
Once upon a time there was a dear little girl who was loved by everyone who looked at her, but most of all by her grandmother, and there was nothing that she would not have given to the child. Once she gave her a little riding hood of red velvet, which suited her so well that she would never wear anything else; so she was always called 'Little Red Riding Hood.'
One day her mother said to her: 'Come, Little Red Riding Hood, here is a piece of cake and a bottle of wine; take them to your grandmother, she is ill and weak, and they will do her good. Set out before it gets hot, and when you are going, walk nicely and quietly and do not run off the path, or you may fall and break the bottle, and then your grandmother will get nothing; and when you go into her room, don't forget to say, "Good morning", and don't peep into every corner before you do it.'
'I will take great care,' said Little Red Riding Hood to her mother, and gave her hand on it.
The grandmother lived out in the wood, half a league from the village, and just as Little Red Riding Hood entered the wood, a wolf met her. Red Riding Hood did not know what a wicked creature he was, and was not at all afraid of him.
'Good day, Little Red Riding Hood,' said he.
'Thank you kindly, wolf.'
'Whither away so early, Little Red Riding Hood?'
'To my grandmother's.'
'What have you got in your apron?'
'Cake and wine; yesterday was baking-day, so poor sick grandmother is to have something good, to make her stronger.'
'Where does your grandmother live, Little Red Riding Hood?'
'A good quarter of a league farther on in the wood; her house stands under the three large oak-trees, the nut-trees are just below; you surely must know it,' replied Little Red Riding Hood.
The wolf thought to himself: 'What a tender young creature! what a nice plump mouthful - she will be better to eat than the old woman. I must act craftily, so as to catch both.'
So he walked for a short time by the side of Little Red Riding Hood, and then he said: 'See, Little Red Riding Hood, how pretty the flowers are about here - why do you not look round? I believe, too, that you do not hear how sweetly the little birds are singing; you walk gravely along as if you were going to school, while everything else out here in the wood is merry.'
< 2 >
Little Red Riding Hood raised her eyes, and when she saw the sunbeams dancing here and there through the trees, and pretty flowers growing everywhere, she thought: 'Suppose I take grandmother a fresh nosegay; that would please her too. It is so early in the day that I shall still get there in good time.'
So she ran from the path into the wood to look for flowers. And whenever she had picked one, she fancied that she saw a still prettier one farther on, and ran after it, and so got deeper and deeper into the wood.
Meanwhile the wolf ran straight to the grandmother's house and knocked at the door.
'Who is there?'
'Little Red Riding Hood,' replied the wolf. 'She is bringing cake and wine; open the door.'
'Lift the latch,' called out the grandmother, 'I am too weak, and cannot get up.'
The wolf lifted the latch, the door sprang open, and without saying a word he went straight to the grandmother's bed, and devoured her. Then he put on her clothes, dressed himself in her cap, laid himself in bed and drew the curtains.
Little Red Riding Hood, however, had been running about picking flowers, and when she had gathered so many that she could carry no more, she remembered her grandmother, and set out on the way to her.
She was surprised to find the cottage-door standing open, and when she went into the room, she had such a strange feeling that she said to herself: 'Oh dear! how uneasy I feel today, and at other times I like being with grandmother so much.' She called out: 'Good morning,' but received no answer; so she went to the bed and drew back the curtains. There lay her grandmother with her cap pulled far over her face, and looking very strange.
'Oh! grandmother,' she said, 'what big ears you have!'
'All the better to hear you with, my child,' was the reply.
'But, grandmother, what big eyes you have!' she said.
'All the better to see you with, my dear.'
'But, grandmother, what large hands you have!'
'All the better to hug you with.'
'Oh! but, grandmother, what a terrible big mouth you have!'
'All the better to eat you with!'
And scarcely had the wolf said this, than with one bound he was out of bed and swallowed up Red Riding Hood.
< 3 >
When the wolf had appeased his appetite, he lay down again in the bed, fell asleep and began to snore very loud.
The huntsman was just passing the house, and thought to himself: 'How the old woman is snoring! I must just see if she wants anything.' So he went into the room, and when he came to the bed, he saw that the wolf was lying in it.
'Do I find you here, you old sinner!' said he. 'I have long sought you!' But just as he was going to fire at him, it occurred to him that the wolf might have devoured the grandmother, and that she might still be saved, so he did not fire, but took a pair of scissors, and began to cut open the stomach of the sleeping wolf.
When he had made two snips, he saw the little red riding hood shining, and then he made two snips more, and the little girl sprang out, crying: 'Ah, how frightened I have been! How dark it was inside the wolf.'
After that the aged grandmother came out alive also, but scarcely able to breathe. Red Riding Hood, however, quickly fetched great stones with which they filled the wolf's belly, and when he awoke, he wanted to run away, but the stones were so heavy that he collapsed at once, and fell dead.
Then all three were delighted. The huntsman drew off the wolf's skin and went home with it; the grandmother ate the cake and drank the wine which Red Riding Hood had brought, and revived. But Red Riding Hood thought to herself: 'As long as I live, I will never leave the path by myself to run into the wood, when my mother has forbidden me to do so.'
It is also related that once, when Red Riding Hood was again taking cakes to the old grandmother, another wolf spoke to her, and tried to entice her from the path. Red Riding Hood, however, was on her guard, and went straight forward on her way, and told her grandmother that she had met the wolf, and that he had said 'good morning' to her, but with such a wicked look in his eyes, that if they had not been on the public road she was certain he would have eaten her up.
< 4 >
'Well,' said the grandmother, 'we will shut the door, so that he can not come in.'
Soon afterwards the wolf knocked, and cried: 'Open the door, grandmother, I am Little Red Riding Hood, and am bringing you some cakes.'
But they did not speak, or open the door, so the grey-beard stole twice or thrice round the house, and at last jumped on the roof, intending to wait until Red Riding Hood went home in the evening, and then to steal after her and devour her in the darkness. But the grandmother saw what was in his thoughts.
In front of the house was a great stone trough, so she said to the child: 'Take the pail, Red Riding Hood; I made some sausages yesterday, so carry the water in which I boiled them to the trough.'
Red Riding Hood carried until the great trough was quite full. Then the smell of the sausages reached the wolf, and he sniffed and peeped down, and at last stretched out his neck so far that he could no longer keep his footing and began to slip, and slipped down from the roof straight into the great trough, and was drowned. But Red Riding Hood went joyously home, and no one ever did anything to harm her again.
One Friday morning, a teacher came up with a novel way to motivate her class. She told them that she would read a quote and the first student to correctly identify who said it would receive the rest of the day off.
She started with "This was England's finest hour."
Little Suzy instantly jumped up and said, "Winston Churchill."
"Congratulations!" Said the teacher, "You may go home."
The teacher then said, "Ask not what your country can do for you."
Before she could finish this quote, another young lady belts out, "John F.Kennedy".
"Very good," says the teacher, "you may go."
Irritated that he has missed two golden opportunities, Little Johnny said,"I wish those girls would just shut up."
Upon overhearing this comment, the outraged teacher demanded to know who said it.
Johnny instantly rose to his feet and said,"Bill Clinton. I'll see you Monday."
最後送你一網址：http://www.soenglish.com.cn/list.php?cid=0140
啊，對了，如果你要有聲的英語的話，我知道的。
你可以在這個網站里找——千源網
http://www.so138.com/
不過，他唯一的缺點是——必須下載的。
At last , good lucky to you.
不要忘記我的哦
http://hexun.com/kay15/default.html
http://blog.tom.com/blog/index.php?username=kay815
⑶ 有關中短篇小說投稿問題
投稿首先要了解投稿的要求，在每輯《最小說》的最後一頁都有詳細說明——《青春祭》字數要求在3000-8000字之間。所以字數未滿這個要求，如只有1000字左右或寥寥幾行的，是不會過初審的。 而有些稿件字數在15000字以上，也是不符合投稿篇幅要求的。 另外有些行文格式，十來個字為一行，每一行一個換行，此類的稿件也不符合投稿要求。 所以在投稿前請先檢查一下文章的字數與格式。 2.可能會有一些稿件由於網路的原因發送失敗，沒有收到，或是對方沒有收到回復的情況。這時會有讀者發郵件來詢問「我的那篇稿子怎麼樣？」，但收到這封詢問的郵件的同時我們還是沒能收到你的文章
http://wenku..com/view/d8c5f5c62cc58bd63186bdb5.html
小小說投稿郵箱
（一）雜志 1、《百花園•小小說原創版》[email protected]（秦俑）/[email protected](晨飛)/[email protected]（任曉燕）[email protected]（田雙伶） 2、《百花園•中外讀點》/[email protected]（鄒磊）[email protected]（王彥艷） 3、《百花園中外讀點》幽默小小說徵文信箱[email protected]（以自己的姓名作為郵件題，編輯王彥艷） 6、《小小說選刊》 [email protected]（薦稿地址（450007）鄭州市伊河路12號） 7、《小小說出版》 [email protected]（0371-67422698，編輯徐小紅） 8、《北京文學》 [email protected] 9、《安徽文學》 [email protected]（主題請寫投稿《安徽文學》） 10、《當代文苑》 [email protected] 11、《天池小小說》 [email protected] 12、《登封文學》 [email protected]
詳見：http://wenku..com/view/043025573b3567ec102d8a83.html
⑷ 誰有魯迅的文章
阿長與山海經
·魯迅·
長媽媽，已經說過，是一個一向帶領著我的女工，說得闊氣一點，就是我的保姆。我的
母親和許多別的人都這樣稱呼她，似乎略帶些客氣的意思。只有祖母叫她阿長。我平時叫她
「阿媽」，連「長」字也不帶；但到憎惡她的時候，——例如知道了謀死我那隱鼠的卻是她
的時候，就叫她阿長。
我們那裡沒有姓長的；她生得黃胖而矮，「長」也不是形容詞。又不是她的名字，記得
她自己說過，她的名字是叫作什麼姑娘的。什麼姑娘，我現在已經忘卻了，總之不是長姑
娘；也終於不知道她姓什麼。記得她也曾告訴過我這個名稱的來歷：先前的先前，我家有一
個女工，身材生得很高大，這就是真阿長。後來她回去了，我那什麼姑娘才來補她的缺，然
而大家因為叫慣了，沒有再改口，於是她從此也就成為長媽媽了。
雖然背地裡說人長短不是好事情，但倘使要我說句真心話，我可只得說：我實在不大佩
服她。最討厭的是常喜歡切切察察，向人們低聲絮說些什麼事。還豎起第二個手指，在空中
上下搖動，或者點著對手或自己的鼻尖。我的家裡一有些小風波，不知怎的我總疑心和這
「切切察察」有些關系。又不許我走動，拔一株草，翻一塊石頭，就說我頑皮，要告訴我的
母親去了。一到夏天，睡覺時她又伸開兩腳兩手，在床中間擺成一個「大」字，擠得我沒有
餘地翻身，久睡在一角的席子上，又已經烤得那麼熱。推她呢，不動；叫她呢，也不聞。
「長媽媽生得那麼胖，一定很怕熱罷？晚上的睡相，怕不見得很好罷？……」
母親聽到我多回訴苦之後，曾經這樣地問過她。我也知道這意思是要她多給我一些空
席。她不開口。但到夜裡，我熱得醒來的時候，卻仍然看見滿床擺著一個「大」字，一條臂
膊還擱在我的頸子上。我想，這實在是無法可想了。
但是她懂得許多規矩；這些規矩，也大概是我所不耐煩的。一年中最高興的時節，自然
要數除夕了。辭歲之後，從長輩得到壓歲錢，紅紙包著，放在枕邊，只要過一宵，便可以隨
意使用。睡在枕上，看著紅包，想到明天買來的小鼓、刀槍、泥人、糖菩薩……。然而她進
來，又將一個福橘放在床頭了。
「哥兒，你牢牢記住！」她極其鄭重地說。「明天是正月初一，清早一睜開眼睛，第一
句話就得對我說：『阿媽，恭喜恭喜！』記得么？你要記著，這是一年的運氣的事情。不許
說別的話！說過之後，還得吃一點福橘。」她又拿起那橘子來在我的眼前搖了兩搖，「那
么，一年到頭，順順流流……。」
夢里也記得元旦的，第二天醒得特別早，一醒，就要坐起來。她卻立刻伸出臂膊，一把
將我按住。我驚異地看她時，只見她惶急地看著我。
她又有所要求似的，搖著我的肩。我忽而記得了——
「阿媽，恭喜……。」
恭喜恭喜！大家恭喜！真聰明！恭喜恭喜！」她於是十分歡喜似的，笑將起來，同時將
一點冰冷的東西，塞在我的嘴裡。我大吃一驚之後，也就忽而記得，這就是所謂福橘，元旦
辟頭的磨難，總算已經受完，可以下床玩耍去了。
她教給我的道理還很多，例如說人死了，不該說死掉，必須說「老掉了」；死了人，生
了孩子的屋子裡，不應該走進去；飯粒落在地上，必須揀起來，最好是吃下去；曬褲子用的
竹竿底下，是萬不可鑽過去的……。此外，現在大抵忘卻了，只有元旦的古怪儀式記得最清
楚。總之：都是些煩瑣之至，至今想起來還覺得非常麻煩的事情。
然而我有一時也對她發生過空前的敬意。她常常對我講「長毛」。她之所謂「長毛」
者，不但洪秀全軍，似乎連後來一切土匪強盜都在內，但除卻革命黨，因為那時還沒有。她
說得長毛非常可怕，他們的話就聽不懂。她說先前長毛進城的時候，我家全都逃到海邊去
了，只留一個門房和年老的煮飯老媽子看家。後來長毛果然進門來了，那老媽子便叫他們
「大王」，——據說對長毛就應該這樣叫，——訴說自己的飢餓。長毛笑道：「那麼，這東
西就給你吃了罷！」將一個圓圓的東西擲了過來，還帶著一條小辮子，正是那門房的頭。煮
飯老媽子從此就駭破了膽，後來一提起，還是立刻面如土色，自己輕輕地拍著胸埔道：「阿
呀，駭死我了，駭死我了……。」
我那時似乎倒並不怕，因為我覺得這些事和我毫不相乾的，我不是一個門房。但她大概
也即覺到了，說道：「象你似的小孩子，長毛也要擄的，擄去做小長毛。還有好看的姑娘，
也要擄。」
「那麼，你是不要緊的。」我以為她一定最安全了，既不做門房，又不是小孩子，也生
得不好看，況且頸子上還有許多炙瘡疤。
「那裡的話？！」她嚴肅地說。「我們就沒有用處？我們也要被擄去。城外有兵來攻的
時候，長毛就叫我們脫下褲子，一排一排地站在城牆上，外面的大炮就放不出來；再要放，
就炸了！」
這實在是出於我意想之外的，不能不驚異。我一向只以為她滿肚子是麻煩的禮節罷了，
卻不料她還有這樣偉大的神力。從此對於她就有了特別的敬意，似乎實在深不可測；夜間的
伸開手腳，佔領全床，那當然是情有可原的了，倒應該我退讓。
這種敬意，雖然也逐漸淡薄起來，但完全消失，大概是在知道她謀害了我的隱鼠之後。
那時就極嚴重地詰問，而且當面叫她阿長。我想我又不真做小長毛，不去攻城，也不放炮，
更不怕炮炸，我懼憚她什麼呢！
但當我哀悼隱鼠，給它復仇的時候，一面又在渴慕著繪圖的《山海經》了。這渴慕是從
一個遠房的叔祖惹起來的。他是一個胖胖的，和藹的老人，愛種一點花木，如珠蘭、茉莉之
類，還有極其少見的，據說從北邊帶回去的馬纓花。他的太太卻正相反，什麼也莫名其妙，
曾將曬衣服的竹竿擱在珠蘭的枝條上，枝折了，還要憤憤地咒罵道：「死屍！」這老人是個
寂寞者，因為無人可談，就很愛和孩子們往來，有時簡直稱我們為「小友」。在我們聚族而
居的宅子里，只有他書多，而且特別。制藝和試帖詩，自然也是有的；但我卻只在他的書齋
里，看見過陸璣的《毛詩草木鳥獸蟲魚疏》，還有許多名目很生的書籍。我那時最愛看的是
《花鏡》，上面有許多圖。他說給我聽，曾經有過一部繪圖的《山海經》，畫著人面的獸，
九頭的蛇，三腳的鳥，生著翅膀的人，沒有頭而以兩乳當作眼睛的怪物，……可惜現在不知
道放在那裡了。
很願意看看這樣的圖畫，但不好意思力逼他去尋找，他是很疏懶的。問別人呢，誰也不
肯真實地回答我。壓歲錢還有幾百文，買罷，又沒有好機會。有書買的大街離我家遠得很，
我一年中只能在正月間去玩一趟，那時候，兩家書店都緊緊地關著門。
玩的時候倒是沒有什麼的，但一坐下，我就記得繪圖的《山海經》。
大概是太過於念念不忘了，連阿長也來問《山海經》是怎麼一回事。這是我向來沒有和
她說過的，我知道她並非學者，說了也無益；但既然來問，也就都對她說了。
過了十多天，或者一個月罷，我還記得，是她告假回家以後的四五天，她穿著新的藍布
衫回來了，一見面，就將一包書遞給我，高興地說道：——「哥兒，有畫兒的『三哼經』，
我給你買來了！」
我似乎遇著了一個霹靂，全體都震悚起來；趕緊去接過來，打開紙包，是四本小小的
書，略略一翻，人面的獸，九頭的蛇，……果然都在內。
又使我發生新的敬意了，別人不肯做，或不能做的事，她卻能夠做成功。她確有偉大的
神力。謀害隱鼠的怨恨，從此完全消滅了。
這四本書，乃是我最初得到，最為心愛的寶書。
書的模樣，到現在還在眼前。可是從還在眼前的模樣來說，卻是一部刻印都十分粗拙的
本子。紙張很黃；圖象也很壞，甚至於幾乎全用直線湊合，連動物的眼睛也都是長方形的。
但那是我最為心愛的寶書，看起來，確是人面的獸；九頭的蛇；一腳的牛；袋子似的帝江；
沒有頭而「以乳為目，以臍為口」，還要「執干戚而舞」的刑天。
此後我就更其搜集繪圖的書，於是有了石印的《爾雅音圖》和《毛詩品物圖考》，又有
了《點石齋叢畫》和《詩畫舫》。《山海經》也另買了一部石印的，每卷都有圖贊，綠色的
畫，字是紅的，比那木刻的精緻得多了。這一部直到前年還在，是縮印的郝懿行疏。木刻的
卻已經記不清是什麼時候失掉了。
我的保姆，長媽媽即阿長，辭了這人世，大概也有了三十年了罷。我終於不知道她的姓
名，她的經歷；僅知道有一個過繼的兒子，她大約是青年守寡的孤孀。
仁厚黑暗的地母呵，願在你懷里永安她的魂靈！
五猖會
·魯迅·
孩子們所盼望的，過年過節之外，大概要數迎神賽會的時候了。但我家的所在很偏僻，
待到賽會的行列經過時，一定已在下午，儀仗之類，也減而又減，所剩的極其寥寥。往往伸
著頸子等候多時，卻只見十幾個人抬著一個金臉或藍臉紅臉的神像匆匆地跑過去。於是，完
了。
我常存著這樣的一個希望：這一次所見的賽會，比前一次繁盛些。可是結果總是一個
「差不多」；也總是只留下一個紀念品，就是當神像還未抬過之前，化一文錢買下的，用一
點爛泥，一點顏色紙，一枝竹簽和兩三枝雞毛所做的，吹起來會發出一種刺耳的聲音的哨
子，叫作「吹都都」的，吡吡地吹它兩三天。
現在看看《陶庵夢憶》，覺得那時的賽會，真是豪奢極了，雖然明人的文章，怕難免有
些誇大。因為禱雨而迎龍王，現在也還有的，但辦法卻已經很簡單，不過是十多人盤旋著一
條龍，以及村童們扮些海鬼。那時卻還要扮故事，而且實在奇拔得可觀。他記扮《水滸傳》
中人物雲：「……於是分頭四齣，尋黑矮漢，尋梢長大漢，尋頭陀，尋胖大和尚，尋茁壯婦
人，尋姣長婦人，尋青面，尋歪頭，尋赤須，尋美髯，尋黑大漢，尋赤臉長須。大索城中；
無，則之郭，之村，之山僻，之鄰府州縣。用重價聘之，得三十六人，梁山泊好漢，個個呵
活，臻臻至至，人馬稱〖女足〗而行……」這樣的白描的活古人，誰能不動一看的雅興呢？
可惜這種盛舉，早已和明社一同消滅了。
賽會雖然不象現在上海的旗袍，北京的談國事，為當局所禁止，然而婦孺們是不許看
的，讀書人即所謂士子，也大抵不肯趕去看。只有游手好閑的閑人，這才跑到廟前或衙門前
去看熱鬧；我關於賽會的知識，多半是從他們的敘述上得來的，並非考據家所貴重的「眼
學」。然而記得有一回，也親見過較盛的賽會。開首是一個孩子騎馬先來，稱為「塘報」；
過了許久，「高照」到了，長竹竿揭起一條很長的旗，一個汗流浹背的胖大漢用兩手托著；
他高興的時候，就肯將竿頭放在頭頂或牙齒上，甚而至於鼻尖。其次是所謂「高蹺」、「抬
閣」、「馬頭」了；還有扮犯人的，紅衣枷鎖，內中也有孩子。我那時覺得這些都是有光榮
的事業，與聞其事的即全是大有運氣的人，——大概羨慕他們的出風頭罷。我想，我為什麼
不生一場重病，使我的母親也好到廟里去許下一個「扮犯人」的心願的呢？……然而我到現
在終於沒有和賽會發生關系過。
要到東關看五猖會去了。這是我兒時所罕逢的一件盛事，因為那會是全縣中最盛的會，
東關又是離我家很遠的地方，出城還有六十多里水路，在那裡有兩座特別的廟。一是梅姑
廟，就是《聊齋志異》所記，室女守節，死後成神，卻篡取別人的丈夫的；現在神座上確塑
著一對少年男女，眉開眼笑，殊與「禮教」有妨。其一便是五猖廟了，名目就奇特。據有考
據癖的人說：這就是五通神。然而也並無確據。神像是五個男人，也不見有什麼猖獗之狀；
後面列坐著五位太太，卻並不「分坐」，遠不及北京戲園里界限之謹嚴。其實呢，這也是殊
與「禮教」有妨的，——但他們既然是五猖，便也無法可想，而且自然也就「又作別論」
了。
因為東關離城遠，大清早大家就起來。昨夜預定好的三道明瓦窗的大船，已經泊在河埠
頭，船椅、飯菜、茶炊、點心盒子，都在陸續搬下去了。我笑著跳著，催他們要搬得快。忽
然，工人的臉色很謹肅了，我知道有些蹊蹺，四面一看，父親就站在我背後。
「去拿你的書來。」他慢慢地說。
這所謂「書」，是指我開蒙時候所讀的《鑒略》。因為我再沒有第二本了。我們那裡上
學的歲數是多揀單數的，所以這使我記住我其時是七歲。
我忐忑著，拿了書來了。他使我同坐在堂中央的桌子前，教我一句一句地讀下去。我擔
著心，一句一句地讀下去。
兩句一行，大約讀了二三十行罷，他說：——
「給我讀熟。背不出，就不準去看會。」
他說完，便站起來，走進房裡去了。
我似乎從頭上澆了一盆冷水。但是，有什麼法子呢？自然是讀著，讀著，強記著，——
而且要背出來。
粵有盤古，生於太荒，
首出御世，肇開混茫。
就是這樣的書，我現在只記得前四句，別的都忘卻了；那時所強記的二三十行，自然也
一齊忘卻在裡面了。記得那時聽人說，讀《鑒略》比讀《千字文》、《百家姓》有用得多，
因為可以知道從古到今的大概。知道從古到今的大概，那當然是很好的，然而我一字也不
懂。「粵自盤古」就是「粵自盤古」，讀下去，記住它，「粵自盤古」呵！「生於太荒」
呵！……
應用的物件已經搬完，家中由忙亂轉成靜肅了。朝陽照著西牆，天氣很清朗。母親、工
人、長媽媽即阿長，都無法營救，只默默地靜候著我讀熟，而且背出來。在百靜中，我似乎
頭里要伸出許多鐵鉗，將什麼「生於太荒」之流夾住；也聽到自己急急誦讀的聲音發著抖，
彷彿深秋的蟋蟀，在夜中鳴叫似的。
他們都等候著；太陽也升得更高了。
我忽然似乎已經很有把握，便即站了起來，拿書走進父親的書房，一氣背將下去，夢似
的就背完了。
「不錯。去罷。」父親點著頭，說。
大家同時活動起來，臉上都露出笑容，向河埠走去。工人將我高高地抱起，彷彿在祝賀
我的成功一般，快步走在最前頭。
我卻並沒有他們那麼高興。開船以後，水路中的風景，盒子里的點心，以及到了東關的
五猖會的熱鬧，對於我似乎都沒有什麼大意思。
直到現在，別的完全忘卻，不留一點痕跡了，只有背誦《鑒略》這一段，卻還分明如昨
日事。
我至今一想起，還詫異我的父親何以要在那時候叫我來背書。
夠了吧？
⑸ 最恐怖10短篇鬼故事
最恐怖10短篇鬼 故事 左手的手環
在風雨交加台風夜裡的某個醫院中… 電擊……注射1cc強心劑……一段時間後，手術台上的病人宣告不治。 當時已接近午夜，焦頭爛額的外科醫師正要從五樓坐電梯回家，正當他走進電梯，轉身按完電梯按鈕，電梯門要關起來的時候，遠方一個護士急急忙忙的跑了過來，醫生連忙把電梯門再按開，讓那位護士進來。 護士進電梯後，說了聲：謝～～謝～～ 電梯往下走，三樓、二樓…一樓到了，但是電梯沒有停下來，又一直往下去…B1…B2… 醫生正覺得納悶，什麼時候醫院多了地下三樓?到了B4的時候，電梯門突然打了開來，門外站著一個男子要搭電梯，醫生看了他一眼，就直接把電梯門關起來，讓電梯繼續上升。 這時，那位護士狐疑的問醫生：「你為什麼不讓他進來呢?」 醫生說：「虧你是LUN夜班的護士，你沒看到他手上戴著的手環嗎?那是只有送進太平間的屍體才會戴 的『屍環』啊!」 這時，護士舉起了她的左手，看著醫生說:『你說的是這個嗎?』 電梯內沉默了…海河浮屍 海河橫穿市區，每年都能撈起很多具屍體。九十年代末的一天，又撈起一屍，雙目圓睜，腹漲如鼓。死者親友，前來認領，正挪動屍體准備裝車，屍體口中噴出一口黃水，正中死者弟弟面部，腥臭不可聞。 後警方發現死者頸部有勒痕，進而偵破，兇手正是其弟。
最恐怖10短篇 鬼故事 布娃娃
河西區龍江里的一個女青年娜娜收拾房間時，看到櫃子里的一個布娃娃已經很舊了。於是隨垃圾一起扔進垃圾道。
晚上睡覺的時候，夢見一個女孩走近她的床，忽然伸出雙手來掐她的喉嚨。就在娜娜感覺自己快要不行了的時候，掐她喉嚨的雙手，漸漸松開了，一顆眼淚滴落在娜娜臉上，“為什麼要拋棄我!”那女孩含淚說道。 娜娜驚醒，打開燈，身邊躺著那個被扔掉的舊娃娃。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 母子
據說，在老城裡新安一側，有一座老院子，好多年了!住在裡面的人經常 傳說 裡面不幹凈，有一年一個外地留天津的師范 畢業 女生被分配到了中山中學，就住在這個大院里，一年夏天，她晚上出來收衣服，女教師在雨中看見一對母子，母親跪下為孩子擦臉，教師想把雨傘拿給母子，但走近一看，竟見那對母子眼耳口鼻不斷流出泥沙。
聽說那裡在一百年前，那裡曾有被家人認為“不貞”而抱著孩子跳井的一對母子!
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 紙灰
天津人有夜晚在十字路口，給逝去的親人燒紙錢的習俗。一人行路時，無意間將痰吐到一堆尚未完全熄滅的紙灰上，忽然地上的紙灰紛紛飛起，直撲此人的口鼻，直到堵死，此人窒息而死。 還有一人右腳踩在一堆紙灰上，鞋子彷彿被沾住一一樣，動彈不得，無奈只得將腳拔出，棄鞋落荒而逃。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 接發
她本是短發，新交的男友卻說喜歡長發的女生，那樣子有女人味。於是她去了發廊接發，將短發續到披肩。，每天里，她總覺得有個人在她耳邊喃喃細語，日以繼夜，喋喋不休。
某天她終於受不了，一把將頭發剪斷。男友抓了狂一般地奪過剪刀，一把刺入她的胸口。傷好後，她去發廊，卻發現它關了，因為用死人的頭發替人接發，被告發了。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 敲門
他搬了新家，經常在卧室里聽到外面有敲門聲。將所有的門打開都不見有人。怪異之。於是在家裡布置了數個攝像頭。
錄下的內容讓他倒抽了一口寒氣：只見卧室的門楣上掛了一具屍體。當有風吹過時，死者的腳便踢在門上。一下，兩下，似是敲門……
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 蒼蠅
幾人在野外露營。有個老人戴著個斗笠，陰沉著臉走了過來，摸了下帳篷，一聲不吭地離去。他們感到奇怪，卻又不明所以。忽然間，大堆大堆的紅頭蒼蠅飛來。他們不得已，躲進帳篷中。密密的蒼蠅竟然生生將帳篷壓倒!
他們被迫取消露營。下山與村民說起此事，村民驚呼道：那紅頭蒼蠅是附在死人身上的，定然是你們的露營選在某剛死不久的人墳上!當地死者是不立墳，挖個坑埋了即是。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 吊扇
他一直都特別害怕學校食堂里的吊扇，總懷疑它隨時都可能掉下來，將人的腦袋劈掉。每次他都遠離它。是日，他在吃飯，忽然一陣巨響，緊接著他看到飯盆里多了一顆血淋淋的腦袋。他嚇得肝膽欲裂。吊扇真的掉了下來，將他鄰座的同學“斬首”掉。他跌跌撞撞地起身嘔吐。又一個吊扇落下。這次他食道里泛上來的，只有血。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 跳崖
某山後面有段懸崖，常年雲霧繚繞，不時有人從上跳下自殺，怪異的是極少找到屍體，有傳說失蹤者乃羽化、成仙去了。於是自殺者更眾。某人不信，懷疑是屍體掛在懸崖峭壁樹上，於是手持DV，讓人用繩子吊著自己下崖尋找。繩索下墜至一半，突然一輕。上面人將繩索拉上，發現某人已不見。
後在崖底撿到摔壞的DV，取出內存卡接電腦觀看，發現最後一幕是：一條大蛇從崖壁的一個大洞中飛快地探出頭，一口將某人吞入腹中。
最恐怖10短篇鬼故事 貓眼
某人養有一隻黑貓，素有一癖：有人自樓梯經過時，它便跑至鐵門，扒著門口朝外望，不時叫上兩聲。他近段時間熬夜，每每臨午夜十二點時黑貓便跑至鐵門口，躁動不安，全身毛發豎起，如臨大敵，然而他並未聞見有腳步聲。
數次之後，他某夜好奇地拉開鐵門，黑貓即沖出門外，低叫不知。他看見一道白色身影“飄”向樓上。一股寒意自腳底升起。隔日，樓上的女鄰居無故跳樓自殺，雙腿摔斷。黑貓遂恢復正常。有人說，是黑貓替他擋住了“煞”。
⑹ 求虐文，虐心的小說，越虐越好，要古代的，不要虐身，不要毀容，出軌，為女配虐女主的小說
毀了孩子是
復仇者監獄虐待，虐待兒童，兒童
愛
晚上與大家見面的協奏曲只有結合
紫故宮
我喜歡你的孩子，我在結束
黑社會愛
8月茉莉
地獄的濫用
瘋狂的游戲
神的右翼<BR /神玉
骯臟的黑色
楓無限
活著就是惡心
晚春城更好的生活一點點
邊境省（孩子身體上和精神上的）
感冒葯的孩子（孩子身上，調諧）
「邊境省」
玩具的秘密
玩具的野心
濫用的愛小牧師
震盪愛小神父
玩物家庭
慾望波斯
蒼白的玫瑰
午夜向日葵「細則伯爵
」拒絕放棄，直到所有的希望都沒有了「琉球金簪（開銷，有孩子）
」不能移動（經典）
「風巷三分之一的自白+番外_求婚者的「_by_the byone_（現代+孩子的心+ HE）
」勝加的夫 - 富裕較暗的情況下「by_銳嘉（現代微濫用的低自尊）
致敬（一本書）+特別節目「_by：_的藍色制動（由低自尊）
」一般的鬼節「鑫家墳（的自卑心理虐待） / a>
「凌文」的
「欺騙妖123（子）的Linlun。
結束的世界（古代的孩子是沉）
黑頭發雪個月的「棋子」穿環（古自卑）
的「囚鳥_by_atheana孩子文字
」我愛狼「_by Linlun（孩子身體的孩子的心+ HE結果）。
/>最後的華爾茲「孩子身體和精神。 「一個甜蜜的貓（雙胞胎）」綠色神秘的「因噎廢食」向袁愛（孩子
kawalu（兒童心臟）的「心臟）
」飛行優異十字勛章「壞「花錢（兒童心臟）
」獨立「的小摩擦孩子（孩子的心+ HE）
」報復「BY：紅色十月」（兒童心，結果不喜歡）
「我真的很為你而哭泣」兒童心臟
「清風超過BY_Kaaa_（濫用的心）
「我的」江湖小混混楠梓（堅強的孩子，我孩子從一開始就聽到??尾汗）
是太好吃嗎？----從玉
征服神奇兄弟
>章魚----黑暗下品
不同----大雪紛飛的夜晚空腹
觸須處，妖獸都市（未完成）
無限的觸角邪神的寵物雜草壯陽植物交叉的
噩夢的迷宮
降魔師的風
拜樹瘋狂千靈
----沙霧
混亂混亂的街區 - - 一壺濁酒我做的還
狂浪----太陽和月亮的清鳴
觸角伸向生活----處女上漲
浪頂部
深處的觸角----黑暗下品
⑺ 跪求對海明威的作品《白象似的群山》賞析
《白象似的群山》是篇極短的短篇小說，沒有任何冗長的心理及場面的描敘，幾乎全篇都是對話。作者的技巧就在於以日常的對話形式來揭示不同人物心理面貌。在《白象似的群山》這篇小說里，海明威就是運用了新穎、有效的對話技巧來透視人物的心理活動和塑造人物性格的。
整篇幾乎由簡單對話和描寫堆砌的小說，在結尾卻用了相對較長的篇幅來描寫美國男子的動作和內心活動。他拎起兩只沉重的、象徵著巨大負擔的旅行包，帶著壓抑焦慮的心情打量著那些氣定神閑候車的旅客。此處對男子和其他旅客心態的描寫形成了強烈的對比。
其中，海明威寫到男子一眼望去看不到有任何火車來，體現了作者想要藉此描寫來特別強調直到最後美國男子也沒能找出解決辦法的迷惘和絕望的精神狀態。同時，也預示著男子和女孩面臨嚴峻的精神生態危機和他們的悲劇性結局。
(7)lun短篇小說擴展閱讀：
《白象似的群山》中海明威對兩位主人公精神世界的關注，在很大程度上揭示了美國社會所存在的精神問題，即身處一個失去了信仰的世界，人們不知不覺陷入了精神的荒原。故事最終也沒有明確的結局，很有可能海明威自身也是困惑和迷惘的。
但是海明威卻在小說中始終保持著對社會上人們精神生態的思考。作者對工業文明給人類精神生態所造成的破壞行徑進行了揭露，警示現代人的精神生態狀況已經面臨困境的同時。
海明威試圖喚起人們內心深處的共鳴，激發人們對生活真諦、生活意義的思索，促使人們對內心精神生態平衡的關注，從而呼喚人們必須重新審視和思考自己的思想信仰，最終解決精神生態上所出現的危機。
⑻ 任何一篇英美短篇小說的英語論文
《呼嘯山莊》人物關系結構
Title：
Catherine's dilemma between love and marriage in Wuthering Heights
——The Psychoanalysis of love triangle relationship with Freud』s theory of personality
Abstract：
Wuthering Heights tells a story of superhuman love and revenge enacted on the English moors. In this thesis, an attempt is made to analyze the love triangle relationship which leads to Catherine's dilemma between love and marriage in Wuthering Heights by virtue of Freud』s theory of personality.
Key words：
Wuthering Heights Freud』s theory of personality love triangle relationship
In Catherine's heart she knows what is right, but chooses what is wrong. It is her wrong decision that pushes her into the inextricable [LunWenJia.Com]dilemma between her love and marriage; it is her wrong choice that plunges the two families into chaos. In the mind, she is truly out of her way.
According to Sigmund Freud(1856—1939), the structure of the mind or personality consists three portions: the id, the ego, and the superego.「The id, which is the reservoir of biological impulses, constitutes the entire personality of the infant at birth. Its principle of operation, to guard the person from painful tension, is termed the pleasure principle. Inevitable frustrations of the id, together with what the child learns from his encounters with external reality, generate the ego, which is essentially a mechanism to minimize frustrations of the biological drives in the long run. It operates according to the reality principle … [LunWenNet.Com]The superego comprises the conscience, a partly conscious system of introjected moral inhibitions, and the ego-ideal, the source of the indivial's standards for his own behavior. Like external reality, from which it derives, the superego often presents obstacles to the satisfaction of biological drives.」「In the mentally healthy person, these three systems form a unified and harmon
ious organization. Conversely, when the three systems of personality are at odds with one another the person is said to be maladjusted.」 Here Catherine's tragic psychological process may be well illustrated by Freudian psychoanalysis.
「I cannot express it; but surely you and everybody have a notion that there is, or should be, an existence of yours beyond you. What were the use of my creation, if I were entirely contained here？」 Catherine's strange words reflect that the intelligent Emily Bronte had been earlier pondering over a same question in her work. What on earth is「the existence of Catherine's beyond Catherine」？
Here we may believe that Heathcliff stands for Catherine's instinctual nature and the strongest desire—her 「id」 in the depths of her soul; Edgar, her ideal 「superego」, represents another part of her personality: the well-bred gracefulness and the superiority of a wealthy family; and she, herself is the 「ego」 tortured by the friction between the two in the disharmonious situation.
In the light of Freud's theory of personality, 「the superego is the representation in the personality of the traditional values and ideals of society as they are handed down from parents to children.」 Catherine's choice of Edgar as her husband is to satisfy her ideal 「superego」 to get wealth and high social position, which are the symbol of her class, on the basis of the ecation by her family and reality from her early childhood. She is a Miss of a noble family with a long history of about three hundred years. Only the marriage well-matched in social and economic status could be a satisfaction for all: her family, the society and even her practical self. 「It would degrade me to many Heathcliff now ... if Heathcliff and I married, we should be beggars？」 This is her actual worry for her future. Catherine yields to the pressure from her brother, and alike, in truth, she is yielding to the moral rules of society, without the approval and identification of which, she could not live a better life or even exist i
n it at all.
However, Catherine underestimates what her other more intrinsic self would have effect on her. The most remarkable claim by Catherine herself may be the best convincing evidence to distinguish the different roles of Heathcliff and Edgar—her 「id」 and her 「superego」:
「My great miseries in this world have been Heathcliff's miseries, and I watched and felt each from the beginning: my great thought in living is himself. If all else perished, and he remained, I should still continue to be; and if all else perished, and he was annihilated, the universe would turn to a mighty stranger: I should not seem a part of it. My love for Linton is like foliage in the woods: time will change it. I'm well aware, as winter changes the trees. My love for Heathcliff resembles the eternal rocks beneath: a source of little visible delight, but necessary. Nelly, I'm Heathcliff! He's always, always in my mind: not as a pleasure and more than I am always a pleasure to me, but as my own being. So don't talk of our separation again: it is impracticable.」
It was a happy thought to make her love the kind, wealthy, weak, elegant Edgar, yet in submission to her superego to oppose against her id, she would fall into a loss of the self. Since the id is the most primitive basis of personality, and the ego is formed out of the id, Catherine's life depends wholly on Heathcliff， as the whole connotation and truth of her life in the cosmic world, for its existence and further more for the significance of her existence. Heathcliff is the most necessary part of her being. She marries Edgar, but Heathcliff still clutches her soul in his passionate embrace. Although she is a bit ashamed of her early playmate, she loves him with a passionate abandonment that sets culture, ecation, the world at defiance. Catherine's wrong choice for marriage violates her inner desires. The choice is a victory for self-inlgence—a sacrifice of primary to secondary things. And she pays for it.
On one hand, Catherine doesn't find the heavenly happiness she was longing for. Though as a girl 「full of ambition」and 「to be the greatest woman of the neighborhood」 would be her pride, the enviable marriage could only flatter her vanity for a second. After her marriage, the comfortable and peaceful life in the Grange was just a monotonous and lifeless confinement of her soul. She feels chocked by the artificial and unnatural conditions in the closed Thrushcross Grange— a world in which the mind has hardened and become unalterable.「If I were in heaven, Nelly, I should be extremely miserable. 」 Catherine eventually knows that the Lintons' heaven is not her ideal heaven. She and Heathcliff really possess their common heaven. Just as Catherine says,「Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same; and Linton's is as different as a moonbeam from lightning, or frost from fire.」
Catherine doesn't want to live in the Lintons' heaven; on the other hand, she has lost her own paradise that she ever had with Heathcliff on the bare hard moor in their childhood. The deepest bent of her nature announces her destiny—a wanderer between the two worlds. When she is alive, she occupies a position midway between the two. She belongs in a sense to both and is constantly drawn first in Heathcliff's direction, then in Edgar's, and then in Heathcliff's again and at last she loses herself completely. Her childish illusion to use her husband's money to aid Heatllcliff to rise out of her brother's power has vanished in thin air. And her constant struggle to reconcile two irreconcilable ways of life is in vain too, which only caused more disorder in the two worlds and in herself as well.
In Freudian principles, should the ego continually fail in its task of satisfying the demands of the id, these three factors together—the painful repression of the id's instinctual desires, the guilt conscience of revolt against the superego's wishes, and the frustration of failure in finding outlets in the external world- would contribute to ever-increasing anxiety. The anxiety piles up and finally overwhelms the person. When this happens, the person is said to leave hallucinatory wish-fulfillment, then a nervous radical breakdown, and in the end may finish the person off. Catherine is destroyed into psychic fragmentation by the friction between the two. At the height of her Edgan-Heathcliff torment, Catherine lies delirious on the floor at the Grange. She dreams that she is back in her own old bed at Wuthering Heights 「enclosed in the oak-paneled bed at home, and my heart ached with some great grief…my misery arose from the separation that Hindley had ordered between me and Heathcliff.」Still dreaming, she t
ries to push back the panels of the oak bed, only to find herself touching the table and the carpet at the Grange:「My late anguish was swallowed in a paroxysm of despair. I cannot say why I was so wildly wretched ... and my all in all, as Heathcliff was at that time, and been converted at a stroke into Mrs. Linton...the wife of a stranger: an exile, and outcast.」 She attempts to forget the lengthy days of years of life without her soul even in her temporary derangement.「Most strangely, the whole last seven years of my life grew a blank! I did not recall that they had been at all.」 Her mental and physical decay rapidly leads to the body's mortal end. She dies and seems to have none into perfect peace.
But even after her death, she is still a wandering ghost. In Chapter 3, Lockwood, the lodger in Catherine's oak-paneled bed at Wuthering Heights dreams about the little wailing ghost:
「The intense horror of nightmare came over me: I tried to draw back my arm, but the hand clung to it, and a most melancholy voice sobbed, 『Let me in-Let me in』.『 Who are you?』…『Catherine Linton』, it replied, shiveringly…『I'm come home: I'd lost my way on the moor!』…Terror made me cruel; and finding it useless to attempt shaking the creature off, I pulled its wrist on to the broken pane, and rubbed it to and fro till then blood ran down and soaked the bedclothes: still it wailed, 『Let me in!』…it is twenty years, twenty years. I've been a waif for twenty years!」
Catherine aspires to be back in her heaven even being a spirit. But leer self-deceptive decision has made her fall from her and Heathcliff's heaven full of demonic love and her never docile or submissive nature has drawn her out of her and Edgar's heaven filled with civilized emptiness in the meantime. She pushes herself into her tragedy, the endless dilemma between her love and marriage, which won't end up with her death.
Bibliography：
1.Bronte Emily，Wuthering Heights，Beijing：Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press，London：Oxford University Press 1995
2.Freud Sigmund，Interpretation of Dreams，Beijing：Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 2001
3.Travis Trysh，Heathcliff and Cathy，the Dysfunctional Couple，The Chronicle of Higher Ecation，Washington，2001
4.Steinitz Rebecca，Diaries and Displacement in Wuthering Heights，Studies in the Novel，Denton，2000
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⑼ 莫泊桑短篇小說中法對照
Un fils
C'est Morin porc
Maison Dai printemps Liye
Bijoux
L'histoire d'un travailleur agricole
Mlle Fifi
Famille
Terreur
Little Rock
Rappel
Introction colonel
Long Duoli soeur
Les crimes dits Boniface Combs
Amabule Combs
第二 19
Tic
Peur
Patrimoine
Inutile de beauté
Un homme Norman
Clair de lune
Du père de Simon
Pique-nique
Tai prostituées liai Musée
Paul femme
L'opinion publique
Printemps
Hibbert
Deux amis
Puppy Piero
Un fils
Moran ne sanglier
Dans une nuit de printemps
Une corde
Tour