世纪文学小说短篇

Ⅰ 请大家推荐几本上世纪经典文学小说！！

海底两万里、白空型鲸、小妇人、巴黎圣母院、红与黑、傲慢与偏见、简·爱、茶花女橘亏首、名人传、鲁宾逊漂流记、钢铁是怎样炼成的、欧叶妮·葛朗台、十日谈、昆虫记、红字、复活……
这些都不错，以前班圆数上的同学都争着看的！

Ⅱ 19世纪以后的，中国文学类 中篇短篇小说推荐几篇

鲁迅《狂人日记》钱钟书：《围城》张爱玲：《金锁记》《倾城之恋》沈从文《边城》余华《或者》巴金《家》《春》《秋》丁玲《莎菲女士的日记》 《太阳照在桑干河上》

Ⅲ 推荐几本外国的短篇小说集!

莫泊桑短篇小说集
契诃夫短篇小说集
茨威格短篇小说集
马克.吐温短篇小说集
窃贼(阿·康帕尼尔)
情书(岩井俊二)
永远占有(格雷厄姆·格林)
化石街(岛田庄司)
棋逢对手(西瑞尔·哈尔)
首领(卡拉维洛夫)
热爱生命(杰克·伦敦)
蚂蚁
(博里斯·维昂)
蠢猪
(马莱巴)
品酒
(罗·达尔)
打不碎的鸡蛋
(马莱巴)
劳驾，快点！(图戈依)
品酒
(罗·达尔)

Ⅳ 《老舍精选集世纪文学六十家》epub下载在线阅读，求百度网盘云资源

《老舍精选集配唤拿》（老舍）电子书网盘下载免费在线阅读

链接：https://pan..com/s/1E5TWD73GKS8eg451Q_g6Xg

书名：老舍精选集

作者培搭：老舍

豆瓣评分：9.0

出版社：北京燕山出版社

出版年份：2010-3

页数：459

内容简介：

《老舍精选集》收录了这位艺术《老舍精选集》收录了老舍先生的著名小说《骆驼祥子》《正红旗下》（未完）《月牙儿》《断魂枪》话剧《茶馆》。《茶馆》堪称二十世纪中国话剧经典，剧本发表于1957年7月《收获》创刊号。北京人民艺术剧院曾于1958年、1963年、1979年等多次成功搬上舞台，受到热烈欢迎与好评；1980年、1983年，又曾几度赴德、法、瑞、日等国家演出，都曾链做引起轰动，获得高度赞扬，为中国话剧艺术赢得了国际声誉。《骆驼祥子》作为了经典篇目入选语文课本，它的语言灵动有神，随物赋形，听其声辨其人，观其景入其境，确有名副其实的引人入胜之效。

作者简介：

老舍，原名舒庆春，字舍予。满族人，生于北京。1918年毕业于北京师范学校。1924年起先后任英国伦敦大学东方学院中文讲师、齐鲁大学、山东大学教授。1938年任中华全国文艺界抗敌协会理事兼总务部主任。1946年应邀与曹禺赴美国讲学。新中国成立后回国，先后担任全国文联和全国作协副主席兼北京文联主席，并被北京市人民政府授予“人民艺术家”称号。1966年“文革”中不堪凌辱，投太平湖自尽。主要作品有：长篇小说《老张的哲学》、《赵子日》、《骆驼祥子》等，中篇小说《月牙儿》、《我这一辈子》，短篇小说集《赶集》、《樱海集》等，话剧剧本《龙须沟》、《茶馆》等。

Ⅳ 对十九世纪文学作品有影响力大的短篇小说作家是谁

有查尔斯·狄更斯，沃尔特惠特曼，华盛顿欧文，爱伦坡，赫尔曼梅尔尘启备维尔，拉尔夫沃尔多爱默生，旁雀亨利大卫梭罗，雅各布里斯，玛格丽特富勒，查尔斯·达尔文等等的作家派毁的

Ⅵ 巴金的短篇小说

短篇小说集

1、《英雄的故事》，1953

2、《明珠和玉姬》，1957，少年儿童出版社

3、《复仇》，1931，新中国书局

4、《光明》，1932，新中国书局

5、《电椅》，1933，新中国书局

6、《抹布》，1933，北平星云堂书店

7、《将军》，1934，生活书局

8、《神·鬼·人》，1935，文化生活出版社

9、《沉落》（又名《沦落》），1936，商务印书馆

10、《发的故事》，1936，文化生活出版社

11、《雷》，1937，文化生活出版社

12、《还魂草》，1942，文化生活出版社

13、《小人小事》，1943，文化生活出版社

14、《猪与鸡》，1959，作家出版社

15、《李大海》，1961，作家出版社

巴金（1904年11月25日－2005年10月17日），原名李尧棠，字芾甘，男，汉族，四川成都人，祖籍浙江嘉兴，中国现代文学家、出版家、翻译家。同时也被誉为是“五四”新文化运动以来最有影响力的作家之一，是20世纪中国杰出的文学大师、中国当代文坛的巨匠。

作品久被翻译成各国文字，1949年之后再无长篇小说面世。妻子萧珊，1944年5月结婚。1983年3月起，巴金连续五次当选全国政协副主席，任职直到去世为止。

(6)世纪文学小说短篇扩展阅读：

主题思想

一、真善思想

巴金文学思想的核心为：真与善。这两点之间，“真”是巴金文学思想的生命，是核心，“善”是巴金文学思想的基点，是价值。巴金文学思想中的善是人的绝对自由追求的价值观，这主要得益于他早期所接触的无政府主义思想。

无政府主义思想提倡个体之间的自助关系，关注个体的自由和平等。而巴金处女作的《灭亡》则把他反专制的憎和对人类的爱的这两面作了非常青春激情的表述，而后的《家》则更为直接的体现了他对限制个人自由的封建的主义的无情的控诉。

后期，《火》《第四病室》《憩园》《寒夜》，都体现了对40年代中国社会黑暗的揭露与批判。《火》对抗战的直接描写，《第四病室》对社会底层黑暗的揭露，《憩园》对不平等社会的反思，《寒夜》对社会黑暗的控诉。

到了晚期的巴金对于“善”的思考则更加带有更明确的社会内涵，这个内涵，主要是通过对文化大革命的反思来体现，即反对文化专制、反对长官意志、反对粉饰现实、忏悔自己精神上的软弱，认为整个民族都应该忏悔和反思。于是他也响亮地提出，要建立文革博物馆 。

二、批判封建

巴金的封建批判思想主要体现在对封建家庭的批判。在《家》中，巴金把封建家庭看作是黑暗专制的王国，又把高老太爷一类的家长视为“封建统治的君主”，很显然，他是明确地把“家”与“国”、“家长”和“国君“对应地联系在一起了，就是说，他己看清了中国封建社会里“国”与“家”的同质结构关系。

所谓君君巨臣父父子子的上下尊卑的等级关系，就是这一同质结构的最好说明。在这个意义上，完全可以说国是扩大了的家，家是缩小了的国。不论在家还是在国，所实行的都是专制的家族统治，人处其中，受到同质结构关系的约制，使人性扭曲，个性不得张扬和发展。

所以，巴金“礼教的监牢”和“狭的笼”这些家的喻象也是指向封建国家的，他所创作的家庭小说是对整个家族制度进行批判的

Ⅶ 20世纪外国文学作品有

表现主义：卡夫卡奥地利小说家长篇小说《审判》（ 1925 ）、《城堡》（ 1926 ）、《美国》（ 1927 ）、中短篇小说集《观察》（ 1939 ）、《变形记》（ 1915 ）、《在流放地》（ 1919 ）、《乡村医生》（ 1920 ）、《饥饿艺术家》（ 1924 ）。
意识流：艾杜阿、杜夏丹，法国小说家。《月桂树被砍掉了》（ 1887 ）。
马塞尔·普鲁鲁斯特，法国小说家。长篇小说《追忆似水年华》。
威廉·福克纳，同美国小说家。长篇小说《喧哗与骚动》（ 1929 ）、《我弥留之际》（ 1930 ）获得 1949 年诺贝尔文学奖。
詹姆斯·乔伊斯英国小说家《青年艺术家的画像》（ 1916 ）、《尤利西斯》（ 1922 ）、《芬尼根们的苏醒》（ 1939 ）。
弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫英国小说家。《达罗卫夫人》（ 1925 ）、《副灯塔去》（ 1927 ）、《浪》（ 1931 ）。
存在主义：萨特，法国小说家，短篇小说集《墙》（ 1939 ）、获得 1964 年诺贝尔奖。长篇小说《恶心》（ 1938 ）、剧本《苍蝇》（ 1942 ）、《间隔》（ 1945 ）、《死无葬身之地》（ 1946 ）、《肮脏的手》（ 1948 ）、《魔鬼与上帝》（ 1951 ）、长篇小说《自由之路》（ 1945-1949 ）、哲学著作《存在虚无》（ 1943 ）、《存在主义是一种人道主义》（ 1947 ）、自传《词语》（ 1955-1964 ）。
加缪，法国小说家。长篇小说《鼠疫》（ 1947 ）中篇小说《局外人》（ 1942 ）、《随落》（ 1956 ）、短篇小说集《流放与王国》（ 1957 ）、散文集《反与正》（ 1937 ）、《婚礼》（ 1939 ）、哲学随笔《西西弗的神话》（ 1942 ）、《反抗者》（ 1951 ）。
新小说派：娜塔丽·萨洛特：法国小说家。《向性》（ 1932 ）、《一个陌生人的肖像》（ 1947 ）、《天象馆》（ 1959 ）、《金果》（ 1963 ）、论文集《怀疑的时代》（ 1956 ）、自传《童年》（ 1985 ）、米歇尔·布托尔：法国小说家《米兰弄堂》（ 1954 ）、《时间的运用》（ 1956 ，又译成时间表）、《变》（ 1957 ）、《变》（ 1960 ）、克洛德、西蒙，法国小说家 1958 年获诺贝文学奖，《草》（ 1958 ）、《弗兰德公路》（ 1981 ）、《风》（ 1957 ）。
罗伯·格里耶，法国小说家。小说《橡皮》（ 1953 ）、《窥视者》（ 1955 ）、《嫉妒》（ 1957 ）、《在迷宫中》（ 1959 ）、《快照》（ 1962 ）、《反复》（ 2001 ）等，电影小说《去年在马里安巴》（ 1961 ）、传奇故事《重现的镜子》（ 1985 ）。
魔幻现实主义：
胡里奥·科塔萨尔（ 1914-1984 ）阿根廷作家 。
何塞·多诺索（ 1924-1996 ），智利作家。
加西亚·马尔克斯（ 1928- ）哥伦比亚作家 , 获 1982 年诺尔贝文学奖，长篇小说《百年孤独》（ 1967 ）。
中篇小说《枯枝败叶》（ 1955 ）、《没有人给他写信的上校》（ 1961 ）短篇小说集《格郎德大娘的葬礼》（ 1962 ）《恶时辰》（ 1962 ）、长篇小说《家长的没落》（ 1975 ）《霍乱时期的爱情》（ 1985 ）。
卡洛斯·富恩特斯（ 1928- ），墨西哥作家。《最明净的地区》（ 1958 ）《阿尔特米奥·克鲁斯之死》（ 1962 ）。
阿菜霍·卡彭铁尔（ 1904-1980 ），古巴作家。长篇小说《人间王国》（ 1949 ）、《消失了的足迹》（ 1953 ）、《光明世纪》（又译成启蒙世纪）（ 1962 ），《方法的根源》（ 1974 ）。
阿斯图里亚斯（ 1899-1974 ），危地马拉作家。长篇小说《玉米人》（ 1949 ）、《危地马拉传说》（ 1930 ）《总统先生》（ 1946 ），获 1967 诺贝尔文学奖。
何塞·玛利亚·阿尔格达斯（ 1911-1969 ）秘鲁作家
胡安·鲁尔福（ 1918-1986 ）墨西哥作家，中篇小说《佩德罗·巴拉莫》（ 1955 ）。

Ⅷ 二十世纪的外国文学作品有哪些

《化身博士》 《罗马假日》 《威尼斯商人》 《罗密欧与主力也》 《科学怪人》 《夜访吸血鬼》 《飘》 《阿甘正传》 《乱世佳人》 乱世佳人》《简爱》《红与黑》《巴黎圣母院》 《悲惨世界》《战争与和平》《茶花女》《鲁滨逊漂流记》 〈基督山伯爵〉〈名利场〉〈卡门〉〈纯真年代〉 〈小妇人〉〈呼啸山庄〉〈蝴蝶梦〉〈红字〉〈牛虻〉 〈安娜·卡列尼娜〉 莎士比亚的作品也是经常被拍成电影的，版本也数不胜数~~~ 〈威尼斯商人〉〈罗密欧与朱丽亚〉〈王子复仇记〉〈哈姆雷特〉 〈仲夏夜之梦〉〈麦克百〉〈李尔王〉 狄更斯的作品有:〈雾都孤儿〉〈远大前程〉〈艰难时世〉 〈双城记〉〈大卫·科伯菲尔〉〈我们共同的朋友〉 奥斯汀的小说其实除了〈傲慢与偏见〉，还有〈理智与情感〉 〈劝导〉〈爱玛〉〈曼斯菲尔德庄园〉都被改编成电影了，而且还有很多版本 当然英国BBC的Colin Firth的<傲慢与偏见〉这个版本是最经典

Ⅸ 世界文坛三大“短篇小说之王”分别是哪三位呢

三大“短篇小说之王”分别是：莫泊桑、契诃夫和欧·亨利。

1、欧·亨利

欧·亨利，美国短篇小说家、美国现代短篇小说创始人，是“世界三大短篇小说巨匠”之一。其主要作品有《麦琪的礼物》《警察与赞美诗》《最后一片叶子》《二十年后》等。

欧·亨利与契诃夫和莫泊桑并列世界三大短篇小说巨匠，曾被评论界誉为曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父，他的作品有“美国生活的网络全书”之誉。

莫泊桑的创作特点：

1、主题

莫泊桑一生创作了350多部中短篇小说，在揭露上层统治者及其毒化下的社会风气的同时，对被侮辱被损害的小人物寄予深切同情。

短篇的主题大致可归纳为3个方面：第一是讽刺虚荣心和拜金主义，如《项链》《我的叔叔于勒》；第二是描写劳动人民的悲惨遭遇，赞颂其正直、淳朴、宽厚的品格，如《归来》；第三是描写普法战争，反映法国人民爱国情绪，如《羊脂球》。

2、手法

对人物的描绘上，莫泊桑并不追求色彩浓重的形象、表情夸张的面目、夸张的生平与难以置信的遭遇，而是致力于描写“处于常态的感情、灵魂和理智的发展”，表现人物内心的真实与本性的自然，通过人物在日常生活中的自然状态与在一定情势下必然有的最合情理的行动、举止，来揭示其内在心理与性格的真实。

在莫泊桑的短篇里，也曾出现过一些不平凡的、有英雄行为的人物，莫泊桑短篇小说在人物描写上的现实主义艺术，总的来说，就是人物形象的自然化与英雄人物的平凡化，这两个特点使他不是与过去的小说艺术，而是与他之后的现代小说的写实艺术联系了起来。

以上内容参考 网络-欧·亨利、网络-莫泊桑、网络-契诃夫

Ⅹ 世界著名短篇小说

THE GIFT OF THE
One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies. Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied. Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty- seven cents. And the next day would be Christmas.

There was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl. So Della did it. Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs, sniffles, and smiles, with sniffles predominating.

While the mistress of the home is graally subsiding from the first stage to the second, take a look at the home. A furnished flat at $8 per week. It did not exactly beggar description, but it certainly had that word on the lookout for the mendicancy squad.

In the vestibule below was a letter-box into which no letter would go, and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring. Also appertaining thereunto was a card bearing the name "Mr. James Dillingham Young."

The "Dillingham" had been flung to the breeze ring a former period of prosperity when its possessor was being paid $30 per week. Now, when the income was shrunk to $20, though, they were thinking seriously of contracting to a modest and unassuming D. But whenever Mr. James Dillingham Young came home and reached his flat above he was called "Jim" and greatly hugged by Mrs. James Dillingham Young, already introced to you as Della. Which is all very good.

Della finished her cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag. She stood by the window and looked out lly at a gray cat walking a gray fence in a gray backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result. Twenty dollars a week doesn't go far. Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. They always are. Only $1.87 to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him. Something fine and rare and sterling--something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim.

There was a pier-glass between the windows of the room. Perhaps you have seen a pier-glass in an $8 flat. A very thin and very agile person may, by observing his reflection in a rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtain a fairly accurate conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered the art.

Suddenly she whirled from the window and stood before the glass. her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds. Rapidly she pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length.

Now, there were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in which they both took a mighty pride. One was Jim's gold watch that had been his father's and his grandfather's. The other was Della's hair. Had the queen of Sheba lived in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the window some day to dry just to depreciate Her Majesty's jewels and gifts. Had King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck at his beard from envy.

So now Della's beautiful hair fell about her rippling and shining like a cascade of brown waters. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a garment for her. And then she did it up again nervously and quickly. Once she faltered for a minute and stood still while a tear or two splashed on the worn red carpet.

On went her old brown jacket; on went her old brown hat. With a whirl of skirts and with the brilliant sparkle still in her eyes, she fluttered out the door and down the stairs to the street.

Where she stopped the sign read: "Mne. Sofronie. Hair Goods of All Kinds." One flight up Della ran, and collected herself, panting. Madame, large, too white, chilly, hardly looked the "Sofronie."

"Will you buy my hair?" asked Della.

"I buy hair," said Madame. "Take yer hat off and let's have a sight at the looks of it."

Down rippled the brown cascade.

"Twenty dollars," said Madame, lifting the mass with a practised hand.

"Give it to me quick," said Della.

Oh, and the next two hours tripped by on rosy wings. Forget the hashed metaphor. She was ransacking the stores for Jim's present.

She found it at last. It surely had been made for Jim and no one else. There was no other like it in any of the stores, and she had turned all of them inside out. It was a platinum fob chain simple and chaste in design, properly proclaiming its value by substance alone and not by meretricious ornamentation--as all good things should do. It was even worthy of The Watch. As soon as she saw it she knew that it must be Jim's. It was like him. Quietness and value--the description applied to both. Twenty-one dollars they took from her for it, and she hurried home with the 87 cents. With that chain on his watch Jim might be properly anxious about the time in any company. Grand as the watch was, he sometimes looked at it on the sly on account of the old leather strap that he used in place of a chain.

When Della reached home her intoxication gave way a little to prudence and reason. She got out her curling irons and lighted the gas and went to work repairing the ravages made by generosity added to love. Which is always a tremendous task, dear friends--a mammoth task.

Within forty minutes her head was covered with tiny, close-lying curls that made her look wonderfully like a truant schoolboy. She looked at her reflection in the mirror long, carefully, and critically.

"If Jim doesn't kill me," she said to herself, "before he takes a second look at me, he'll say I look like a Coney Island chorus girl. But what could I do--oh! what could I do with a dollar and eighty- seven cents?"

At 7 o'clock the coffee was made and the frying-pan was on the back of the stove hot and ready to cook the chops.

Jim was never late. Della doubled the fob chain in her hand and sat on the corner of the table near the door that he always entered. Then she heard his step on the stair away down on the first flight, and she turned white for just a moment. She had a habit for saying little silent prayer about the simplest everyday things, and now she whispered: "Please God, make him think I am still pretty."

The door opened and Jim stepped in and closed it. He looked thin and very serious. Poor fellow, he was only twenty-two--and to be burdened with a family! He needed a new overcoat and he was without gloves.

Jim stopped inside the door, as immovable as a setter at the scent of quail. His eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read, and it terrified her. It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the sentiments that she had been prepared for. He simply stared at her fixedly with that peculiar expression on his face.

Della wriggled off the table and went for him.

"Jim, darling," she cried, "don't look at me that way. I had my hair cut off and sold because I couldn't have lived through Christmas without giving you a present. It'll grow out again--you won't mind, will you? I just had to do it. My hair grows awfully fast. Say `Merry Christmas!' Jim, and let's be happy. You don't know what a nice-- what a beautiful, nice gift I've got for you."

"You've cut off your hair?" asked Jim, laboriously, as if he had not arrived at that patent fact yet even after the hardest mental labor.

"Cut it off and sold it," said Della. "Don't you like me just as well, anyhow? I'm me without my hair, ain't I?"

Jim looked about the room curiously.

"You say your hair is gone?" he said, with an air almost of idiocy.

"You needn't look for it," said Della. "It's sold, I tell you--sold and gone, too. It's Christmas Eve, boy. Be good to me, for it went for you. Maybe the hairs of my head were numbered," she went on with sudden serious sweetness, "but nobody could ever count my love for you. Shall I put the chops on, Jim?"

Out of his trance Jim seemed quickly to wake. He enfolded his Della. For ten seconds let us regard with discreet scrutiny some inconsequential object in the other direction. Eight dollars a week or a million a year--what is the difference? A mathematician or a wit would give you the wrong answer. The magi brought valuable gifts, but that was not among them. This dark assertion will be illuminated later on.

Jim drew a package from his overcoat pocket and threw it upon the table.

"Don't make any mistake, Dell," he said, "about me. I don't think there's anything in the way of a haircut or a shave or a shampoo that could make me like my girl any less. But if you'll unwrap that package you may see why you had me going a while at first."

White fingers and nimble tore at the string and paper. And then an ecstatic scream of joy; and then, alas! a quick feminine change to hysterical tears and wails, necessitating the immediate employment of all the comforting powers of the lord of the flat.

For there lay The Combs--the set of combs, side and back, that Della had worshipped long in a Broadway window. Beautiful combs, pure tortoise shell, with jewelled rims--just the shade to wear in the beautiful vanished hair. They were expensive combs, she knew, and her heart had simply craved and yearned over them without the least hope of possession. And now, they were hers, but the tresses that should have adorned the coveted adornments were gone.

But she hugged them to her bosom, and at length she was able to look up with dim eyes and a smile and say: "My hair grows so fast, Jim!"

And them Della leaped up like a little singed cat and cried, "Oh, oh!"

Jim had not yet seen his beautiful present. She held it out to him eagerly upon her open palm. The ll precious metal seemed to flash with a reflection of her bright and ardent spirit.

"Isn't it a dandy, Jim? I hunted all over town to find it. You'll have to look at the time a hundred times a day now. Give me your watch. I want to see how it looks on it."

Instead of obeying, Jim tumbled down on the couch and put his hands under the back of his head and smiled.

"Dell," said he, "let's put our Christmas presents away and keep 'em a while. They're too nice to use just at present. I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs. And now suppose you put the chops on."

The magi, as you know, were wise men--wonderfully wise men--who brought gifts to the Babe in the manger. They invented the art of giving Christmas presents. Being wise, their gifts were no doubt wise ones, possibly bearing the privilege of exchange in case of plication. And here I have lamely related to you the uneventful chronicle of two foolish children in a flat who most unwisely sacrificed for each other the greatest treasures of their house. But in a last word to the wise of these days let it be said that of all who give gifts these two were the wisest. O all who give and receive gifts, such as they are wisest. Everywhere they are wisest. They are the magi.