英语短篇小说翻译风格

1. 英语短篇小说选读课文翻译

Burnt Norton 烧毁的诺顿
I
Time present and time past 现在和过去的时光
Are both perhaps present in time future, 也许都存在于未来之中，
And time future contained in time past.且未来的时光包含于过往。
If all time is eternally present假如所有时间都永恒存在
All time is unredeemable.所有时间都无法履行。
What might have been is an abstraction本该如此的是一种抽象
Remaining a perpetual possibility维持着永久的可能性，
Only in a world of speculation.仅仅在思索的世界里。
What might have been and what has been 本该如此的和已经如此的
Point to one end, which is always present.指向同一端点，那始终是现在。
Footfalls echo in the memory 脚步声回响在记忆里
Down the passage which we did not take沿着那条我们没有选择的走廊
Towards the door we never opened向着那扇我们从没有开启的门
Into the rose-garden. My words echo进入这玫瑰花园。我的话语
Thus, in your mind.就这样，回响于你心中。
But to what purpose但是为了何种目的
Disturbing the st on a bowl of rose-leaves扰乱了一钵玫瑰叶上的尘埃？
I do not know. 我不知道。
Other echoes其他的回音
Inhabit the garden. Shall we follow?栖息于这花园。我们应该跟上吗？
Quick, said the bird, find them, find them,快点，鸟儿说，找到他们，找到他们，
Round the corner. Through the first gate,转过墙角。穿过那第一道门，
Into our first world, shall we follow 进入我们第一个世界，我们是否应该
The deception of the thrush? Into our first world.听从那鸫鸟的欺骗？进入我们第一个世界。
There they were, dignified, invisible, 他们在那里，高贵威严，无影无形，
Moving without pressure, over the dead leaves, 轻飘飘的移动，于枯死的叶子之上，
In the autumn heat, through the vibrant air,在秋日的闷热里，穿过蒸腾的空气，
And the bird called, in response to 并且鸟儿鸣叫着，回应
The unheard music hidden in the shrubbery,那藏在灌木丛中无声的音乐，
And the unseen eyebeam crossed, for the roses无形的眼神扫过，为着玫瑰们
Had the look of flowers that are looked at.曾有过现在眼前的花容。
There they were as our guests, accepted and accepting.他们在那里，作为客人，被我们接待也接待我们。
So we moved, and they, in a formal pattern, 所以我们走动着，他们也是，以拘谨的队列，
Along the empty alley, into the box circle, 沿着空寂的小巷，进入天井（what does box circle mean?)，
To look down into the drained pool.俯视枯竭了的池塘。
Dry the pool, dry concrete, brown edged, 干涸的池塘，硬结的水泥，烘焦了的池沿，
And the pool was filled with water out of sunlight,池塘里却被从阳光流出的水充满，
And the lotos rose, quietly, quietly,莲花升起来，静静的，静静的，
The surface glittered out of heart of light,池面从光明的心灵中闪烁着，
And they were behind us, reflected in the pool.他们在我们身后，倒映在池中。
Then a cloud passed, and the pool was empty.然后一朵云彩飘过，池子空空如也。
Go, said the bird, for the leaves were full of children,去吧，鸟儿说，因树叶丛中满是孩子们，
Hidden excitedly, containing laughter.兴奋地隐藏着，有着克制的笑声。
Go, go, go, said the bird: human kind去吧，去，去，鸟儿说：人类
Cannot bear very much reality.无法忍受太多的真实。
Time past and time future过去和未来的时光
What might have been and what has been本该如此的和已经如此的
Point to one end, which is always present.指向同一端点，那始终是现在。

2. 10篇英语小短文带翻译的

以下都是网上粘贴的仅供参考：1、Today i and friends of foreign travel, outside air is very good, people feel very comfortable. We all appreciate the fine girls bicycles. We enjoyed the beautiful nature brought. We happily spent a happy day. 今天和朋友一起出外交游，外面的空气很好，人感觉很舒服。我们骑着自行车一路欣赏鸟语花香。享受着大自然带给我们的无限美好。大家开开心心地度过了愉快的一天。
2、Today Mailehaoo clothes, and parents take to the streets is happy, the parents have to pay to buy things. Unlike in their street to buy things they like to take a long time but saw the price, Ha-ha, is really very happy. I love my parents, I too thank them for the care and love.
今天买了好多衣服，和父母上街就是愉快，买东西有父母帮付钱。不像平时自己上街买东西碰到喜欢的但看了价钱都要考虑好久，呵呵，真的是很开心。我爱我的父母，太感谢他们对我的关心和爱戴了。
3、Flute " Robinson Crusoe " of good fortune, novelist of British, describe protagonist drift about on the island, overcome the difficulty, the legend story of pioneering an enterprise with painstaking efforts. Novel write true naturally, legendary. The protagonist plants the crops on the detached island, puts up the log cabin, has eaten the innumerable trials and tribulations, survive. Want, go back human world anxious, want to go how about go out of these damnable place only like make him to be fascinated, result fail, get back to, long separated for Britain for 28 year give me enlightenment by " Robinson's records of adventure " on 1868 year finally, tanacity of him let me wait for a chance to cause trouble, want, march toward another goal for life, look like Robinson like that spend one's own strength,reach ideal realm one's own. We need possess Robinson so spirit of struggle diligently.
英国小说家笛福的《鲁滨逊漂流记》描述了主人公漂流海岛,战胜困难,艰苦创业的传奇故事. 小说写得真实自然,富有传奇色彩.主人公在孤岛上种庄稼,搭木屋,吃了千辛万苦,生存下来.但想回人间的心切,使他着迷般地只想到如何走出这个鬼地方,结果还是失败了,最后于1868年回到阔别28年的英国
《鲁滨孙漂流记》给我以启示，他的顽强让我蠢蠢欲动，想要迈向人生的另一目标，像鲁滨孙那样用自己的力量，到达自己理想的境界。
我们需要具备鲁滨逊那样的刻苦奋斗的精神.
4、The World's Greatest Swordsman
At an exhibition of the world's best swordsman, the third-place fencer took the stage. A fly was released, and with an arc of his sword he cut the fly in half. The crowd cheered. Then the second-place man sliced a fly into quarters. A hush fell in anticipation of the world's greatest swordsman.
His blade came down in a mighty arc - but the insect continued on its way! The crowd was aghast. The greatest swordsman had missed his target completely, yet he continued to smile.
"Why are you so happy?" someone yelled. "You missed!"
"Ah," replied the swordsman, "you weren't watching very carefully. They fly lives, yes - but he will never be a father."
世界上最伟大的击剑手
在一场世界最佳击剑手表演中，排名第三的击剑手上场了。一只苍蝇放了出来，剑划了一个弧，他将苍蝇劈成了两半。观众欢呼起来。紧接着排名第二的人将一只苍蝇切成了四半。现场一阵沉默，人们期盼着世界上最伟大的击剑手出场。
他的剑锋以一个巨大的弧线划了下来－－然而那只昆虫还在继续飞行!观众被惊呆了。最伟大的击剑手完全错过了他的目标，然而他还在微笑着。
“你为什么这么高兴？”有人嚷道，“你没击中!”
“啊，”剑手答道，“你刚才没有很仔细地看。苍蝇还活着，是的－－但他永远也做不成爸爸了。”
5、A Mistake
An American, a Scot and a Canadian were killed in a car accident. They arrived at the gates of heaven, where a flustered St. Peter explained that there had been a mistake. "Give me $500 each," he said, "and I'll return you to earth as if the whole thing never happened."
"Done!" said the American. Instantly, he found himself standing unhurt near the scene.
"Where are the others?" asked a medic.
"Last I knew," said the American, "the Scot was haggling price, and the Canadian was arguing that his government should pay."
搞错了
一位美国人，一位英格兰人和一位加拿大人在一场车祸中丧生。他们到达天堂的门口。在那里，醉醺醺的圣彼德解释说是搞错了。“每人给我五百美元，”他说，“我将把你们送回人间，就象什么都没有发生过一样。”
“成交!”美国人说。立刻，他发现自己毫不损伤地站在现场附近。
“其他人在哪儿？”一名医生问道。
“我离开之前，”那名美国人说，“我看见英格兰人正在砍价，而那名加拿大人正在分辩说应该由他的政府来出这笔钱。”
6、Pig or Witch
A man is driving up a steep, narrow mountain road. A woman is driving down the same road. As they pass each other, the woman leans out of the window and yells "PIG!!" The man immediately leans out of his window and replies, "WITCH(女巫)!!" They each continue on their way, and as the man rounds the next corner, he crashes into a pig in the middle of the road. If only men would listen.
猪还是女巫
一个男人在一条陡峭狭窄的山路上驾车，一个女人相向驾车而来。他们相遇时，那个女的从窗中伸出头来叫到：“猪！！”那个男的立即从窗中伸出头来回敬道：“女巫！！”他们继续前行。这个男的在下一个路口转弯时，撞上了路中间的一头猪。要是这个男的能听懂那个女人的意思就好了。
7、Response Ability
An Ogden, Iowa, minister was matching coins with a member of his congregation for a cup of coffee. When asked if that didn't constitute gambling, the minister replied, "It's merely a scientific method of determining just who is going to commit an act of charity."
Philosopher Bertrand Russell, asked if he was willing to die for his beliers, replied: "Of course not. After all, I may be wrong."
A newspaper organized a contest for the best answer to the question: "If a fire broke out in the Louvre, and if you could only save one painting, which one would you carry out?"
The winning reply was: "The one nearest the exit."
答问技巧
衣阿华州奥格根的一位牧师正在与一位教友为一杯咖啡而猜硬币。别人问他那是否构成赌博行为时，牧师答道：“这仅仅是决定由谁来做一件善事的一种科学方法。”
当我人问哲学家罗素是否愿意为了他的信仰而献身时，他答道：“当然不会。毕竟，我可能会是错的。”
一份报纸组织了一场竞赛，为下面的问题征集最佳答案：“如果卢浮宫起了火，而你只能救出一幅画，你将救出哪一幅？”
获奖的答案是：“最接近门口的那一幅。”
8、Jonesie The Great Lion Hunter
A small village was troubled by a man-eating lion. So its leaders sent a message to the great hunter, Jonesie, to come and kill the beast.
For several nights the hunter lay in wait for the lion, but it never appeared. Finally, he told the village chief to kill a cow and give him its hide. Draping the skin over his shoulders, he went to the pasture to wait for the lion.
In the middle of the night, the villagers woke to the sound of blood-curdling shrieks coming from the pasture. As they carefully approached, they saw the hunter on the ground, groaning in pain. There was no sign of the lion.
"What happened, Jonesie? Where is the lion?" asked the chief.
"Forget the damn lion!" he howled. "Which one of you idiots let the bull loose?"
伟大的猎手Jonesie
有个小村庄正为一只吃人的狮子而烦恼。于是，村长派人去请伟大的猎手Jonesie来杀死这只野兽。
猎手躺着等了几个晚上，但狮子一直没有出现。最后，他要求村长杀只羊然后把头皮给他。把羊皮披在身上后，猎人到草原上去等狮子。
半夜，村民被从草原传来的声嘶力竭的尖叫声惊醒。他们小心地靠近后，看到猎手正躺在草地上痛苦地呻吟。没有狮子出没的蛛丝马迹。
“Jonesie，怎么了？狮子在哪？”村长问。
“哪有狮子！”猎人怒吼道，“哪个傻瓜把公牛放出来了？”
9、Weather Predict
A film crew was on location deep in the desert. One day an old Indian went up to the director and said, "Tomorrow rain." The next day it rained.
A week later, the Indian went up to the director and said, "Tomorrow storm." The next day there was a hailstorm.
"This Indian is incredible," said the director. He told his secretary to hire the Indian to predict the weather.
However, after several successful predictions, the old Indian didn't show up for two weeks.
Finally the director sent for him. "I have to shoot a big scene tomorrow," said the director, "and I'm depending on you. What will the weather be like?"
The Indian shrugged his shoulders. "Don't know," he said. "Radio is broken."
天气预报
一个电影摄制组在沙漠深处工作.一天,一个印度老人到导演跟前告诉导演说"明天下雨."第二天果然下雨了.
一周后,印度人又来告诉导演说,"明天有风暴."果然,第二天下了雹暴.
"印度人真神,"导演说.他告诉秘书雇佣该印度人来预报天气.
几次预报都很成功.然后,接下来的两周,印度人不见了.
最后,导演派人去把他叫来了."我明天必须拍一个很大的场景,"导演说,"这得靠你了.明天天气如何啊?"
印度人耸了耸肩."我不知道,"印度人说,"收音机坏了."
10、Love is the parents is the world's largest love, is in their minds share of family support them, let them come in the heart of the disaster sons and daughters.
Kitagawa, May 14, 2008, the parents who struggle with death more than 40 hours after the three-year-old girl Song Xin Yi finally rescued, rescue workers to feed her milk. Her parents live in the time, desperate to protect the fragile body of her, until both passing away, also maintained that posture. Parents touched by the love of God, let the children saved, small Xinyi Zaitianling parents can comfort!
爱的力量
父母之爱莫过于是世界上最大的爱，是他们心中的那份亲情支撑着他们，让他们在灾难来临时心系儿女。
北川，2008年5月14日，在父母身下与死神抗争四十多小时后，三岁的小女孩宋欣宜终于获救，救援人员喂她喝牛奶。她的父母在活着的时候，以脆弱的身躯拼死保护着她，直到双双逝去，还保持着那种姿势。父母的爱感动了上天，让孩子得救了，小欣宜父母的在天之灵可以安慰了！

3. 短篇小说用英语怎么说

短篇小说：
翻译： short story;
双语例句：
这本集子是由诗、散文和短篇小说三部分组合而成的。
This collection is made up of three parts: poems, essays and short stories.

4. 归在语言 异在文化 ——关于欧亨利两篇短篇小说译文的评析和对比

一. 析归异之偏爱，求归异之平衡

归化与异化的说法最早来源于1813年6月24日德国早期思想家斯莱尔马赫（Schleiermacher）在柏林皇家科学院所作的题为《论翻译的方法》的演讲，他认为翻译不是尽可能让读者靠拢作者，就是让作者靠拢读者。归化与异化主要包含两大类，一是语言层面，一是文化层面。然而归化异化各自倾向于哪个层面，孙致礼教授认为：“翻译的根本任务是忠实再现原作的思想和风格，而原作的思想和风格都带有浓厚的异国情调，翻译中不采用异化的方法，很难完成这一使命。与此同时，为了达到译文像原作一样通顺的要求，译者在语言表达中，又不得不作出必要的归化。”由此可知，在翻译过程中，异化侧重于思想文化的处理，归化侧重于语言表达的处理。然而具体翻译中，通常同时涉及到文化和语言的处理，因此析归异之偏爱后，应该求归化与异化的平衡，归化异化互为补充。

二. 译海拾贝：小说《婚》和《没》的译本赏析和对比

1. 译文和译者简介

欧亨利小说以其出人意料而又合乎情理的结尾情节设计深受读者喜爱。本文选取的两篇小说《婚》和《没》都体现了欧亨利对小人物的命运的同情和关心，同时也对他们自身的劣根性提出了辛辣的嘲讽和批评，是典型的欧亨利式小说。同时选择的译本分别是2010年中国对外翻译出版社出版的张经浩先生的译本和2010年人民文学出版社出版的王永年先生的译本。选择这两种译本的原因有三，第一是这两种译本在各大网上书店销售量大；第二是这两种译本各有千秋，但是都能体现语言层面归化和文化层面异化的杂糅；第三，同是采取归化策略，张译本和王译本在表达方式上有所不同，可以作出比较，各取其长，各补其短。

2. 归化的具体体现

“欣赏翻译的艺术就是要看译者如何利用目标语的语言资源去克服翻译困难。”汉语特有的语言资源有主要有量词，叠字和四字格以及古体语。这四种处理方法，实际上是撇开了原语中的词语和句法转而迎合目的语的表达方式，尽量照顾目的语读者的需要，是归化的处理方法。

从张译《婚》版本中，我们可以看到归化的具体表现如下：

量词：一卷钞票；一大叠钞票

叠词：醉醺醺；

四字格：当之无愧；拼死拼活；笨手笨脚；胡子拉碴；应接不暇；兴师动众；怀才不遇；不三不四；十有八九；财源滚滚；滑头滑脑；天衣无缝；络绎不绝；两厢情愿

古体语：见下文例3

王译《婚》版本中：

量词：一幢房子；一条人鱼；一张五元钞票；一支雪茄；一则广告；一封回信；一卷大额钞票

叠词：冷冷地；咕噜噜；

四字格：酩酊大醉；游手好闲；唯利是图；嬉皮涎脸；不可开交；无懈可击；难分难舍；和盘托出

古体语：见下文例3

下面我们来对上述方法在译文中的具体运用做简要分析和对比：

例1：An old friend of mine, Zeke Trotter, had made his wife a widow a year before drinking some dyspepsia cure of the old doctor’s instead of the liniment that he always got boozed up on.  （斜体部分为本文作者所加，下同）

张译：我有位老朋友，叫齐克特罗特。平常他总是灌黄汤灌得醉醺醺，一年前有次没灌好，吃了老医生治消化不良的药，让老婆成了寡妇。 

王译：我有个老朋友，齐克特罗特，去年喝了一个老医生的消化药，而没有喝那种老是使他酩酊大醉的万应药，结果害的老婆当了寡妇。

此处，张译版本在翻译”got boozed up”时采用了ABB叠词处理方法。叠词能够增强语言音律美和节奏感，使得译出的汉语更有表现力，更易使读者接受。如果此处不使用叠词，而是直译为”他总是灌黄汤灌醉”,意思表达依然完整，但是表现力大打折扣。而此处王译版本将其处理为四字格亦可，表达力也较强。两种处理办法均可。

例2：Out of that number something like thirty hundred will expect to give you in exchange, if they should win you, the carcass of a lazy and mercenary loafer, a failure in life, a swindler and contemptible fortune seeker.(206)

张译：你等着瞧吧，这三千人里有三千零一或者是懒汉，或者是见钱眼开的人，或者是倒霉鬼，骗子，存心不良搞钱财的家伙。(张经浩，第48页)

王译：在那批人中间，假如他们侥幸赢得了你的心，约莫就有三千人准备给你一个游手好闲，唯利是图的臭皮囊，一个生活的失意人，一个骗子手和可鄙的淘金者作为交换。（王永年，第161页）

此处张译本将”thirty hundred”归化翻译为汉语中的特有句式”三千人里有三千零一个”,从中可以看出译者对原文的深刻理解和在表达上的匠心独运。原文所对应的名词直译应该为”三千人”，但是此处译者加入了自己的理解：就译者看来，这些居心不良的求婚者不在少数，甚至人人都各怀鬼胎，因此译者大胆使用汉语特有的夸张句式”三千人里有三千零一个”，使得读者能充分感受到当时整个社会人们道德水平普遍低下的境况的言外之意，不失为一种归化的妙译。反观王译本当中直译成“三千人”就缺乏夸张的效果。并且从句式上看，王译本对原文几乎是直接直译过来，显得拖沓生硬，而张译本更符合汉语的表达。因此，该处张译本采取归化的方法处理更为恰当。

例3：Would prefer a poor man with affectionate disposition to one with means as she realizes that the solid virtues are oftenest to be found in the humble walks of life.(205)

张译：念卑贱者往往忠厚，故宁择贫而情笃者。(张经浩，第47页)

王译：……然性情必须温良，因微贱之人多具美德。(王永年，第159页到160页)

此处，两种译本都采取归化的方法将原文翻译成汉语味道浓郁的偏古体句，巧妙的将英语中的长难句简化成符合汉语习惯的短句，赢得了汉语读者的好感。两种译本均可，然而张译本更是运用了对偶句，加强了译本的文学性和节奏感，因此略胜一筹。

3. 异化的具体体现

翻译的根本任务是忠实再现原作的思想和风格。然而有时候原作的思想和风格都带有浓郁的异国色彩，或者说蕴含非常强烈的文化内涵，归化的译法无法传达出其意义，此时就应该采用异化的方法。具体来说是就是直译和解注文化负载词。即，特意使用“不地道”的汉语，目的是保留原作的文化内涵。

据统计，张译《没》总共有注解11处，其中属于文化负载词的注解有6处；王译《没》总共有注解10处，其中属于文化负载词的注解有5处。以下举例分析异化的具体表现以及对比：

例4：Dulcie went up to her room—the third floor back in a West Side brownstone-front.

张译：达尔西走进西区一所正面用褐色石头建造的房子三楼的一间后房，这儿是她的住房。

王译：达尔西上楼到她的房间里去——西区一座褐石房屋的三楼后房。

此处，张译本和王译本最大的不同在于，张译本对“褐色石头建造的房子”加入了注解“19世纪时房子正面用褐色石头建造表示房主人富有”，欧亨利将一个贫困的女售货员的住处设计成代表富有的“褐色石头房子”实际上是一种讽刺，既讽刺了社会贫富差距大，也暗指了女售货员的虚荣心，她的生活和她幻想中的生活存在极大的落差，就如同褐色房子表面的富有和内在的贫困一样。因此此处的注解对读者正确理解原文作者意图是不可或缺的。张译使用异化的处理策略十分恰当。

例5：So, we began to insert our advertisement in newspapers covering the country far and wide. One ad was all we used. We couldn’t have used more without hiring so many clerks and marcelled paraphernalia that the sound of the gum chewing would have disturbed the Postmaster-General.(207)

张译：“我们立即在全国各地报纸登征婚启事，只登了一次，多登非应接不暇，闹得兴师动众，露出马脚不可。”(张经浩，第49页)

王译：我们在全国各地的报纸上刊登了广告。我们只登一次。事实上也不能多登，不然就得雇用许多办事员和女秘书，而她们嚼口香糖的声音可能会惊动邮政总长。(王永年，第162页)

此处，张译连用“应接不暇”“兴师动众”“露出马脚”三个四字短语，优点是其形式简洁明快，且具有模糊性和概况性，适宜用于处理冗长复杂的英文句子。并且易于被汉语读者接受。但是此处欧亨利在原文中设计了“办事员和女秘书嚼口香糖”的情节实际上是一种反讽，讽刺了当时社会行政人员工作态度的怠惰和工作效率的低下,换句话说，此处涉及到特殊的文化内涵。如果略去而是直接用四字短语替代，则不能体现原作者在此处的良苦用心，也没有做到忠实。因此，该处应该采取异化当中直译的方法处理。王译的处理更为恰当。

例6：We no longer groan and heap ashes upon our heads when the flames of Tophet are mentioned.(60)

张译：如今人们谈起地狱的火焰时，不再边哼呀咳呀边往头上倒灰了。(张经浩，第84页)

王译：如今人们提到地狱的火焰时，我们不再唉声叹气，把灰涂在自己头上了。（王永年，第33页）

此处，在翻译”heap ashes upon our heads”的时候，张译和王译都采取异化的方法，加注解释“往头上倒灰”是一种犹太的风俗，悲切忏悔时，身穿麻衣，须发涂灰。这种做法较好地保护了源语文化，同时让读者享受到异域特色。

三. 译语喃喃：归化异化 相得益彰 归异同心

通过作者的亲身翻译实践和对以上译本的对比分析后发现，归化多用于处理语言层面，异化多用于处理涉及文化的层面，虽然各有偏爱但是不完全分开，即归化异化是相得益彰的；归异同心，这里的心就是指读者能喜爱和接受的翻译文本。无论是归化的策略还是异化策略，不能一味采用一种翻译策略，而是应该从实际出发，归异相糅，才能是好的翻译。

5. 求下列英语短篇小说译文，最好附带简要的character、theme、setting等基本要素分析，谢谢~

1、游戏的渔获量 2、前七年（第一个七年） 3、来自于罗得西亚的火车
那个“A&P”也是吗？我几年没碰英语了！
character、theme、setting分别是：性格，主题，设置

6. 英语短篇小故事要有中文翻译

The Thirsty Pigeon口渴的鸽子

A PIGEON, oppressed by excessive thirst, saw a goblet of water painted on a signboard. Not supposing it to be only a picture, she flew towards it with a loud whir and unwittingly dashed against the signboard, jarring herself terribly. Having broken her wings by the blow, she fell to the ground, and was caught by one of the bystanders.

Zeal should not outrun discretion.

有只鸽子口渴得很难受，看见画板上画着一个水瓶，以为是真的。他立刻呼呼地猛飞过 去，不料一头碰撞在画板上，折断了翅膀，摔在地上，被人轻易地捉住了。

这是说，有些人想急于得到所需的东西，一时冲动，草率从事，就会身遭不幸。

The Raven and the Swan乌鸦和天鹅

A RAVEN saw a Swan and desired to secure for himself the same beautiful plumage. Supposing that the Swan's splendid white color arose from his washing in the water in which he swam, the Raven left the altars in the neighborhood where he picked up his living, and took up residence in the lakes and pools. But cleansing his feathers as often as he would, he could not change their color, while through want of food he perished.

Change of habit cannot alter Nature.

乌鸦非常羡慕天鹅洁白的羽毛。他猜想天鹅一定是经常洗澡，羽毛才变得如此洁白无 瑕。于是，他毅然离开了他赖以生存的祭坛，来到江湖边。他天天洗刷自己的羽毛，不但一 点都没洗白，反而因缺少食物饥饿而死。

这故事是说，人的本性不会随着生活方式的改变而改变。

The Goat and the Goatherd 山羊与牧羊人

A GOATHERD had sought to bring back a stray goat to his flock. He whistled and sounded his horn in vain; the straggler paid no attention to the summons. At last the Goatherd threw a stone, and breaking its horn, begged the Goat not to tell his master. The Goat replied, "Why, you silly fellow, the horn will speak though I be silent."

Do not attempt to hide things which cannot be hid.

很多山羊被牧羊人赶到羊圈里。有一只山羊不知在吃什么好东西，单独落在后面。牧羊 人拿起一块石头扔了过去，正巧打断了山羊的一只角。牧羊人吓得请求山羊不要告诉主人， 山羊说：“即使我不说，又怎能隐瞒下去呢？我的角已断了，这是十分明显的事实。”

这故事说明，明显的罪状是无法隐瞒的。

The Miser守财奴

A MISER sold all that he had and bought a lump of gold, which he buried in a hole in the ground by the side of an old wall and went to look at daily. One of his workmen observed his frequent visits to the spot and decided to watch his movements. He soon discovered the secret of the hidden treasure, and digging down, came to the lump of gold, and stole it. The Miser, on his next visit, found the hole empty and began to tear his hair and to make loud lamentations. A neighbor, seeing him overcome with grief and learning the cause, said, "Pray do not grieve so; but go and take a stone, and place it in the hole, and fancy that the gold is still lying there. It will do you quite the same service; for when the gold was there, you had it not, as you did not make the slightest use of it."

有个守财奴变卖了他所有的家产，换回了金块，并秘密地埋在一个地方。他每天走去看 看他的宝藏。有个在附近放羊的牧人留心观察，知道了真情，趁他走后，挖出金块拿走了。 守财奴再来时，发现洞中的金块没有了，便捶胸痛哭。有个人见他如此悲痛，问明原因后， 说道：“喂，朋友，别再难过了，那块金子虽是你买来的，但并不是你真正拥有的。去拿一 块石头来，代替金块放在洞里，只要你心里想着那是块金子，你就会很高兴。这样与你拥有 真正的金块效果没什么不同。依我之见，你拥有那金块时，也从没用过。”

这故事说明，一切财物如不使用等于没有。

The Wolf and the Lamb 狼与小羊

WOLF, meeting with a Lamb astray from the fold, resolved not to lay violent hands on him, but to find some plea to justify to the Lamb the Wolf's right to eat him. He thus addressed him:"Sirrah, last year you grossly insulted me." "Indeed," bleated the Lamb in a mournful tone of voice, "I was not then born." Then said the Wolf , "You feed in my pasture." "No, good sir," replied the Lamb, "I have not yet tasted grass." Again said the Wolf, "You drink of my well." "No," exclaimed the Lamb, "I never yet drank water, for as yet my mother's milk is both food and drink to me." Upon which the Wolf seized him and ate him up, saying, "Well! I won't remain supperless, even though you refute every one of my imputations."

The tyrant will always find a pretext for his tyranny.

一只小羊在河边喝水，狼见到后，便想找一个名正言顺的借口吃掉他。于是他跑到上游，恶狠狠地说小羊把河水搅浑浊了，使他喝不到清水。小羊回答说，他仅仅站在河边喝水，并且又在下游，根本不可能把上游的水搅浑。狼见此计不成，又说道：“我父亲去年被你骂过。”小羊说，那时他还没有出生。狼对他说：“不管你怎样辩解，反正我不会放过 你。”

这说明，对恶人做任何正当的辩解也是无效的。

The Bat and the Weasels蝙蝠与黄鼠狼

A BAT who fell upon the ground and was caught by a Weasel pleaded to be spared his life. The Weasel refused, saying that he was by nature the enemy of all birds. The Bat assured him that he was not a bird, but a mouse, and thus was set free. Shortly afterwards the Bat again fell to the ground and was caught by another Weasel, whom he likewise entreated not to eat him. The Weasel said that he had a special hostility to mice. The Bat assured him that he was not a mouse, but a bat, and thus a second time escaped.

It is wise to turn circumstances to good account.

蝙蝠掉落在地上，被黄鼠狼叼去，他请求饶命。黄鼠狼说绝不会放过他，自己生来痛恨鸟类。蝙蝠说他是老鼠，不是鸟，便被放了。后来蝙蝠又掉落了下来，被另一只黄鼠狼叼住，他再三请求不要吃他。这只黄鼠狼说他恨一切鼠类。蝙蝠改口说自己是鸟类，并非老 鼠，又被放了。这样，蝙蝠两次改变了自己的名字，终于死里逃生。

这故事说明，我们遇事要随机应变方能避免危险。

The Ass and the Grasshopper 驴子与蚱蜢

AN ASS having heard some Grasshoppers chirping, was highly enchanted; and, desiring to possess the same charms of melody, demanded what sort of food they lived on to give them such beautiful voices. They replied, "The dew." The Ass resolved that he would live only upon dew, and in a short time died of hunger.
驴子听见蚱蜢唱歌，被美妙动听的歌声所打动，自己也想能发出同样悦耳动听的声音，便 羡慕地问他们吃些什么，才能发出如此美妙的声音来。蚱蜢答道：“吃露水。”驴子便也只吃露水，没多久就饿死了。

这个故事告诉人们不要企望非份之物。

The Lion and the Mouse 狮子与报恩的老鼠

A LION was awakened from sleep by a Mouse running over his face. Rising up angrily, he caught him and was about to kill him, when the Mouse piteously entreated, saying: "If you would only spare my life, I would be sure to repay your kindness." The Lion laughed and let him go. It happened shortly after this that the Lion was caught by some hunters, who bound him by strong ropes to the ground. The Mouse, recognizing his roar, came and gnawed the rope with his teeth and set him free, exclaiming:
"You ridiculed the idea of my ever being able to help you, expecting to receive from me any repayment of your favor; now you know that it is possible for even a Mouse to con benefits on a Lion."

狮子睡着了，有只老鼠跳到了他身上。狮子猛然站起来，把他抓住，准备吃掉。老鼠请求饶命，并说如果保住性命，必将报恩，狮子轻蔑地笑了笑，便把他放走了。不久，狮子真的被老鼠救了性命。原来狮子被一个猎人抓获，并用绳索把他捆在一棵树上。老鼠听到了他 的哀嚎，走过去咬断绳索，放走了狮子，并说：
“你当时嘲笑我，不相信能得到我的报答， 现在可清楚了，老鼠也能报恩。” 这故事说明，时运交替变更，强者也会有需要弱者的时候。

7. 有哪些值得翻译的英文短篇小说 在中国还未翻译的

《欣然同意》（Agreeable）是美国作家乔纳森·弗兰岑的一篇短篇小说。乔纳森·弗兰岑是近两年在美国文坛受人瞩目的一个作家，早在1988年他就获得“怀丁作家奖”，在2010年他的写作到达一种顶峰状态，登上《时代》周刊的封面，被誉为“伟大的美国作家”。在翻译《欣然同意》的过程中，译者最大的感受是小说翻译作为文学翻译的一种，有其独特的特点，同时译者在英译汉这个跨文化交流的活动中面对文学翻译的语言、艺术审美及其具有的社会文化功能方面的基本问题，在翻译过程中不仅要做到译意，还要译“情”、译“味”、译“韵”。①将美学理念与审美思维有机结合起来，并将之运用到文学翻译实践当中去，从而最大限度地使译入语文本接近源语文本，极力提高两者的相似性，是文学翻译者所应追求的目标之一。笔者将从短篇小说翻策略的角度入手，阐述英文小说翻译的一些技巧。